Butyric acid

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Butyric acid
Butyric acid sample by NileRed.jpg
Freshly prepared butyric acid
Names
IUPAC name
Butanoic acid
Other names
1-Propanecarboxylic acid
N-Butanoic acid
N-Butyric acid
Propanecarboxylic acid
Propylformic acid
Properties
C4H8O2
C3H7COOH
Molar mass 88.11 g/mol
Appearance Colorless oily liquid
Odor Rancid, butter-like
Density 0.9528 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point −5.1 °C (22.8 °F; 268.0 K)
Boiling point 163.75 °C (326.75 °F; 436.90 K)
Miscible
Solubility Miscible with glacial acetic acid, diethyl ether, ethanol
Slightly soluble in CCl4
Vapor pressure 0.112 kPa (20 °C)
0.74 kPa (50 °C)

9.62 kPa (100 °C)

Thermochemistry
222.2 J·mol-1·K-1
−533.9 kJ/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 71–72 °C (160–162 °F; 344–345 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2,000 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Propionic acid
Pentanoic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Butyric acid or butanoic acid, is a carboxylic acid with the formula C3H7COOH.

Properties

Chemical

Butyric acid reacts with bases to give butyrates.

Physical

Butyric acid is a colorless liquid, with an unpleasant odor reminiscent of rancid butter or vomit. It is miscible in water and other carboxylic acids.

Availability

Butyric acid is sold by various chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Butyric acid can be prepared by oxidizing butanol with potassium permanganate.[1]

Projects

  • Make butyrate esters
  • Make methyl butyrate

Handling

Safety

Diluted butyric acid has an unpleasant odor, which may induce nausea in some people. Conc. butanoic acid is harmful and corrosive. Wear proper protection when handling the compound.

Storage

Butyric acid should be kept in closed bottles, in a corrosive chemicals cabinet.

Disposal

Can be neutralized with a base. Burning it is not recommended as it may generate very unpleasant smoke.

References

  1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8VSKqPYdHI

Relevant Sciencemadness threads