Difference between revisions of "Acetamide"

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| ImageFile = Acetamide prepared product by TheCanadianChemist.jpg
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| ImageCaption = Freshly prepared acetamide in a jar
 
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| Solubility = 200 g/100 ml
 
| Solubility = 200 g/100 ml
| SolubleOther = Soluble in [[benzene]], [[chloroform]], [[ethanol]], [[glycerol]], [[methanol]], [[pyridine]]<br>Slightly soluble in [[diethyl ether]], [[toluene]]
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| SolubleOther = Soluble in [[benzene]], [[chloroform]], [[ethanol]], [[glycerol]], [[isopropanol]], [[methanol]], [[pyridine]]<br>Slightly soluble in [[diethyl ether]], [[toluene]]
 
| Solubility1 = 50 g/100 ml
 
| Solubility1 = 50 g/100 ml
 
| Solvent1 = ethanol
 
| Solvent1 = ethanol
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'''Acetamide''' or '''ethanamide''' is an organic compound with the formula '''CH<sub>3</sub>CONH<sub>2</sub>'''. It is the simplest [[amide]] derived from [[acetic acid]].
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'''Acetamide''' or '''ethanamide''' is an organic compound with the chemical formula '''CH<sub>3</sub>CONH<sub>2</sub>'''. It is the simplest [[amide]] derived from [[acetic acid]].
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
 
Acetamide can be produced in the laboratory by dehydrating [[ammonium acetate]].
 
Acetamide can be produced in the laboratory by dehydrating [[ammonium acetate]].
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A simpler route involves refluxing [[urea]] with glacial [[acetic acid]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4oDTWYqNwI</ref>
  
 
Ammonolysis of [[ethyl acetate]] is also another route.
 
Ammonolysis of [[ethyl acetate]] is also another route.

Latest revision as of 18:21, 29 February 2020

Acetamide
Acetamide prepared product by TheCanadianChemist.jpg
Freshly prepared acetamide in a jar
Names
IUPAC name
Acetamide
Systematic IUPAC name
Ethanamide
Properties
C2H5NO
Molar mass 59.068 g/mol
Appearance Colorless solid
Odor Odorless (pure)
"Mouse"-like (impure)
Density 1.159 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point 81.16 °C (178.09 °F; 354.31 K)
Boiling point 221.2 °C (430.2 °F; 494.3 K) (decomposes)
200 g/100 ml
Solubility Soluble in benzene, chloroform, ethanol, glycerol, isopropanol, methanol, pyridine
Slightly soluble in diethyl ether, toluene
Solubility in ethanol 50 g/100 ml
Solubility in pyridine 16.6 g/100 ml
Vapor pressure 0.0182 mmHg at 25 °C
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 126 °C (259 °F; 399 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
7,000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Formamide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Acetamide or ethanamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3CONH2. It is the simplest amide derived from acetic acid.

Properties

Chemical

Dehydration of acetamide in the presence of catalyst yields acetonitrile.

Physical

Acetamide is a colorless solid, very soluble in water.

Availability

It is sold by chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Acetamide can be produced in the laboratory by dehydrating ammonium acetate.

A simpler route involves refluxing urea with glacial acetic acid.[1]

Ammonolysis of ethyl acetate is also another route.

Alternatively acetamide can be obtained in excellent yield via ammonolysis of acetylacetone under conditions commonly used in reductive amination.

Projects

  • Make acetonitrile

Handling

Safety

Acetamide doesn't appear to be very toxic.

Storage

Acetamide should be kept in closed glass or PE bottles.

Disposal

Can be neutralized with a strong oxidizing mixture.

References

  1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4oDTWYqNwI

Relevant Sciencemadness threads