Difference between revisions of "Alkyl nitrate"
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Many alkyl alcohols will dehydrate to an [[ester]] on addition of [[nitric acid]] with loss of water. This process, called nitration, causes the formation of a nitroxy group on the carbon atom. | Many alkyl alcohols will dehydrate to an [[ester]] on addition of [[nitric acid]] with loss of water. This process, called nitration, causes the formation of a nitroxy group on the carbon atom. | ||
| − | :MeOH + HNO<sub>3</sub> → MeONO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O | + | : MeOH + HNO<sub>3</sub> → MeONO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O |
== Single Alcohol Nitrate Esters == | == Single Alcohol Nitrate Esters == | ||
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*[[Sucrose]] / [[Sucrose octanitrate]] | *[[Sucrose]] / [[Sucrose octanitrate]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Handling== | ||
| + | ===Safety=== | ||
| + | Most alkyl nitrates tend to be explosive, which means proper protection must be worn when working with said compounds. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:10, 26 June 2017
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Many alkyl alcohols will dehydrate to an ester on addition of nitric acid with loss of water. This process, called nitration, causes the formation of a nitroxy group on the carbon atom.
- MeOH + HNO3 → MeONO2 + H2O
Contents
Single Alcohol Nitrate Esters
Non-Cyclic Alkyl Polyol Nitrate Esters
- Ethylene glycol / Ethylene glycol dinitrate
- Propylene glycol / Propylene glycol dinitrate
- Glycerol / Glycerol trinitrate (nitroglycerin)
- Erythritol / Erythritol tetranitrate
- Xylitol / Xylitol pentanitrate
- Sorbitol / Sorbitol hexanitrate
- Isosorbitol / Isosorbitol dinitrate
- Mannitol / Mannitol hexanitrate
- Pentaerythritol / Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
Cyclic Polyol Nitrate Esters
Handling
Safety
Most alkyl nitrates tend to be explosive, which means proper protection must be worn when working with said compounds.
