Ammonium chloride

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Ammonium chloride
Lab grown crystals of ammonium chloride from Crystal grower's collection.
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium chloride
Systematic IUPAC name
Ammonium chloride
Other names
Sal ammoniac
Salmiac
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl. It's white crystalline solid, highly soluble in water.Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. Ammonium chloride occurs naturaly as mineral Sal ammoniac which is commonly formed on burning coal dumps, due to condensation of coal-derived gases. It is also found around some types of volcanic vents. Ammonium chloride is mainly used as fertilizer and as flavouring agent in some types of liquorice.

Properties

Chemical

Ammonium chloride will react with sodium hydroxide to give off ammonia gas.

Physical

Ammonium chloride is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water.

Availability

Ammonium chloride is sold by various chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Reaction of hydrochloric acid with ammonia will result in ammonium chloride.

NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl

If the reaction occurs in gaseous phase, a very fine mist of ammonium chloride will form.

Projects

  • Growing crystals
  • Making smoke bombs

Handling

Safety

Storage

Disposal

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads