Difference between revisions of "Cadmium oxide"

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(Created page.)
 
(Clean-up and more info)
 
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| PIN =
 
| PIN =
 
| SystematicName =
 
| SystematicName =
| OtherNames = Cadmium(II) oxide<br>Cadmium monoxide
+
| OtherNames = Cadmium fume<br>Cadmium monoxide<br>Cadmium(II) oxide
 
<!-- Images -->
 
<!-- Images -->
 
| ImageFile = Cadmium oxide.jpg
 
| ImageFile = Cadmium oxide.jpg
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| BoilingPtC = 1,559
 
| BoilingPtC = 1,559
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
| BoilingPt_notes =  
+
| BoilingPt_notes = (sublimation)
| Density = 6,95 (amorphous), 8,15 (crystalline)
+
| Density = 6.95 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (amorphous), 8.15 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (crystalline)
 
| Formula = CdO
 
| Formula = CdO
 
| HenryConstant =  
 
| HenryConstant =  
 
| LogP =  
 
| LogP =  
| MolarMass =  
+
| MolarMass = 128.413 g/mol
 
| MeltingPt =  
 
| MeltingPt =  
 
| MeltingPtC = 900-1000
 
| MeltingPtC = 900-1000
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
| MeltingPt_notes =  
+
| MeltingPt_notes = (decomposition of amorphous form)
 +
| Odor = Odorless
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKb =  
 
| pKb =  
| pI =
+
| Solubility = 0.48 mg/100 ml
| Solubility = 4.8 mg/L
+
| SolubleOther = Reacts with acids<br>Slowly soluble in ammonium salts<br>Insoluble in alkalis, organic solvents
| SolubleOther = soluble in dilute acid<br>slowly soluble in ammonium salts<br>insoluble in alkalies
+
 
| Solvent =  
 
| Solvent =  
 
| VaporPressure = 0.13 kPa (1000 °C)<br>2.62 kPa (1200 °C)<br>61.4 kPa (1500 °C)
 
| VaporPressure = 0.13 kPa (1000 °C)<br>2.62 kPa (1200 °C)<br>61.4 kPa (1500 °C)
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 
| Coordination =  
 
| Coordination =  
| CrystalStruct =  
+
| CrystalStruct = cubic, cF8
 
| MolShape =  
 
| MolShape =  
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
 
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaGf =  
+
| DeltaGf = -229.3 kJ/mol
| DeltaHc =  
+
| DeltaHc = 43.64 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>
| DeltaHf =  
+
| DeltaHf = −258 kJ/mol
| Entropy =  
+
| Entropy = 55 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>
 
| HeatCapacity =  
 
| HeatCapacity =  
 
   }}
 
   }}
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   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
| AutoignitionPt =  
+
| AutoignitionPt = Non-flammable
| ExploLimits =  
+
| ExploLimits = Non-flammable
| ExternalMSDS =  
+
| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/aK71kx9/cadmium-oxide-sa-pdf Sigma-Aldrich]
| FlashPt =  
+
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 =  
+
| LD50 = 72 mg/kg (rat, oral)<br>72 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
 
| LC50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
| MainHazards =  
+
| MainHazards = Toxic
 
| NFPA-F =  
 
| NFPA-F =  
 
| NFPA-H =  
 
| NFPA-H =  
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| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
| OtherCompounds =  
+
| OtherCompounds = [[Zinc oxide]]<br>[[Mercury(II) oxide]]
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
}}
 
}}
Cadmium oxide is the extremely toxic oxide of cadmium.
+
'''Cadmium oxide''' ('''CdO''') is the extremely toxic oxide of [[cadmium]].
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
 
===Chemical===
 
===Chemical===
 
+
CdO is a basic oxide and is thus attacked by aqueous acids to give solutions of [Cd(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2+</sup>. Upon treatment with strong alkaline solutions, {{chem|[Cd(OH)|4|]|2-}} forms.<ref>https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1139/v65-135</ref>
  
 
===Physical===
 
===Physical===
 
+
Cadmium oxide appears as brown crystals or brown amorphous powder. It is practically insoluble in water as well as organic solvents and readily reacts with acids and bases.
  
 
==Availability==
 
==Availability==
Cadmium oxide can be bought from some chemical suppliers.
+
Cadmium oxide can be bought from some chemical suppliers, though the compound may not available for the private individual in many countries.
  
 
==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
To do
+
Cadmium oxide can be made by oxidizing cadmium metal in air or oxygen.
 +
 
 +
Can also be obtained by calcinating cadmium hydroxide, which can be obtained by precipitating cadmium salts with an equivalent amount of sodium hydroxide.
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
 
+
*Make cadmium salts
 +
*Compound collecting
 +
*Make transparent conductive materials
 +
*Cadmium plating
 +
*Pigment
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
 
 
===Safety===
 
===Safety===
Cadmium compounds are extremely toxic and carcinogenic. Avoid making dust or aerosols, wear thick gloves, and work in a fume hood.
+
Cadmium compounds are extremely toxic and carcinogenic. Avoid making dust or aerosols when handling the compound, wear thick gloves, and work in a fume hood.
 +
 
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
Store in clearly labeled, closed containers.
+
Store in clearly labeled, closed containers, preferably made of plastic, as the container will not break if dropped on the floor.
 +
 
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
 
Might be accepted by hazardous waste facilities that accept old batteries due to cadmium's past use in batteries.
 
Might be accepted by hazardous waste facilities that accept old batteries due to cadmium's past use in batteries.
 +
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=24102 Melting/cleaning cadmium metal]
 +
 +
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Inorganic compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Cadmium compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Oxides]]
 +
[[Category:Materials unstable in acidic solution]]
 +
[[Category:Pigments]]
 +
[[Category:Carcinogenic]]

Latest revision as of 22:09, 25 August 2020

Cadmium oxide
Cadmium oxide.jpg
Beta form of cadmium oxide
Names
IUPAC name
Cadmium oxide
Other names
Cadmium fume
Cadmium monoxide
Cadmium(II) oxide
Identifiers
Jmol-3D images Image
Properties
CdO
Molar mass 128.413 g/mol
Appearance Colorless, amourphous solid (alpha form), brown-red crystals (beta form)
Odor Odorless
Density 6.95 g/cm3 (amorphous), 8.15 g/cm3 (crystalline)
Melting point 900–1,000 °C (1,650–1,830 °F; 1,170–1,270 K) (decomposition of amorphous form)
Boiling point 1,559 °C (2,838 °F; 1,832 K) (sublimation)
0.48 mg/100 ml
Solubility Reacts with acids
Slowly soluble in ammonium salts
Insoluble in alkalis, organic solvents
Vapor pressure 0.13 kPa (1000 °C)
2.62 kPa (1200 °C)
61.4 kPa (1500 °C)
Thermochemistry
55 J·mol-1·K-1
−258 kJ/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
72 mg/kg (rat, oral)
72 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Zinc oxide
Mercury(II) oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Cadmium oxide (CdO) is the extremely toxic oxide of cadmium.

Properties

Chemical

CdO is a basic oxide and is thus attacked by aqueous acids to give solutions of [Cd(H2O)6]2+. Upon treatment with strong alkaline solutions, [Cd(OH)
4
]2−
forms.[1]

Physical

Cadmium oxide appears as brown crystals or brown amorphous powder. It is practically insoluble in water as well as organic solvents and readily reacts with acids and bases.

Availability

Cadmium oxide can be bought from some chemical suppliers, though the compound may not available for the private individual in many countries.

Preparation

Cadmium oxide can be made by oxidizing cadmium metal in air or oxygen.

Can also be obtained by calcinating cadmium hydroxide, which can be obtained by precipitating cadmium salts with an equivalent amount of sodium hydroxide.

Projects

  • Make cadmium salts
  • Compound collecting
  • Make transparent conductive materials
  • Cadmium plating
  • Pigment

Handling

Safety

Cadmium compounds are extremely toxic and carcinogenic. Avoid making dust or aerosols when handling the compound, wear thick gloves, and work in a fume hood.

Storage

Store in clearly labeled, closed containers, preferably made of plastic, as the container will not break if dropped on the floor.

Disposal

Might be accepted by hazardous waste facilities that accept old batteries due to cadmium's past use in batteries.

References

  1. https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1139/v65-135

Relevant Sciencemadness threads