Difference between revisions of "Decane"

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(Not viscous.)
Line 109: Line 109:
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
}}
 
}}
'''Decane''' or '''n-decane''' is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula '''C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>22</sub>'''. It is a straight-chain hydrocarbon, which appears as a viscous liquid.
+
'''Decane''' or '''n-decane''' is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula '''C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>22</sub>'''. It is a straight-chain hydrocarbon, which appears as a thin liquid with a viscosity similar to water.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==

Revision as of 18:24, 5 August 2016

Decane
Decane bottle and sample.jpg
Decane sample with its original bottle.
Names
IUPAC name
n-decane
Systematic IUPAC name
Decane
Identifiers
Jmol-3D images Image
Properties
C10H22
Molar mass 142.29 g/mol
Appearance Colorless viscous liquid
Odor Faint bitumen-like
Density 0.730 g/cm3
Melting point −30.5 to −29.2 °C; −22.8 to −20.6 °F; 242.7 to 243.9 K
Boiling point 173.8 to 174.4 °C; 344.7 to 345.8 °F; 446.9 to 447.5 K
0.009 mg/l at 20 °C
Solubility Miscible with ethanol
Vapor pressure 0.195 kPa (at 25.0 °C)
Thermochemistry
−302.1–−299.9 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet ScienceLab
Flash point 46.0 °C
Related compounds
Related compounds
Nonane
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Decane or n-decane is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C10H22. It is a straight-chain hydrocarbon, which appears as a thin liquid with a viscosity similar to water.

Properties

Chemical

Decane will burn in air in the presence of an ignition source.

Physical

Decane is a colorless liquid, insoluble in water, but miscible with other organic solvents. It has a very weak petroleum or bitumen-like smell. Decane boils at around 174 °C and freezes at −30 °C.

Availability

Decane can be extracted from various petroleum solvents, such as Stoddard solvent (which contains a mixture of aliphatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons), via fractional distillation, though you need a large amount of Stoddard solvent to obtain any useful amount of n-nonane.

Decane can also be purchased from chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Decane is best purchased or extracted from petroleum products than prepared.

Projects

  • Organic extractions

Handling

Safety

Decane is toxic if consumed, but generally it's quite harmless. Due to its high boiling point, it gives off few vapors, which may irritate the eyes on contact. Decane is flammable and will ignite in the presence of an ignition source.

Storage

In closed bottles, away from any heat source.

Disposal

Decane can be safely burned.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

No threads so far. Why not start one?