Difference between revisions of "Flame test"

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A flame test is an analytical procedure that can determine the presence of certain elements.
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A '''flame test''' is an analytical procedure that can determine the presence of certain elements.
  
 
==Procedure==
 
==Procedure==
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===Azure===
 
===Azure===
 
*Copper halides (copper(II) chloride)
 
*Copper halides (copper(II) chloride)
*Bismuth
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*[[Bismuth]]
  
 
===Bluish-green===
 
===Bluish-green===
*Phosphates with sulfuric acid
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*Phosphates with [[sulfuric acid]]
*Phosphorus
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*[[Phosphorus]]
*Zinc metal
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*[[Zinc]] metal
  
 
===Brick red===
 
===Brick red===
*Cadmium
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*[[Cadmium]]
  
 
===Carmine===
 
===Carmine===
*Lithium (violet through blue glass, invisible through green glass, masked by barium)
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*[[Lithium]] (violet through blue glass, invisible through green glass, masked by barium)
  
 
===Crimson red===
 
===Crimson red===
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===Emerald===
 
===Emerald===
 
*Copper non-halides
 
*Copper non-halides
*Ytterbium metal powder
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*[[Ytterbium]] metal powder
  
 
===Feeble green===
 
===Feeble green===
 
*Ammonium
 
*Ammonium
*Antimony
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*[[Antimony]]
  
 
===Gray===
 
===Gray===
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===Light blue===
 
===Light blue===
*Arsenic
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*[[Arsenic]]
*Cesium
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*[[Caesium]]
*Lead
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*[[Lead]]
*Selenium
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*[[Selenium]]
  
 
===Orange===
 
===Orange===
*Calcium (greenish through blue glass, green through green glass, masked by barium)
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*[[Calcium]] (greenish through blue glass, green through green glass, masked by barium)
*Scandium
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*[[Scandium]]
  
 
===Pale blue===
 
===Pale blue===
*Germanium
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*[[Germanium]]
  
 
===Pale green===
 
===Pale green===
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===Pink===
 
===Pink===
*Samarium metal
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*[[Samarium]] metal
  
 
===Pure green===
 
===Pure green===
*Boron
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*[[Boron]]
*Tellurium
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*[[Tellurium]]
*Thallium
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*[[Thallium]]
  
 
===Purple===
 
===Purple===
*Potassium chloride
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*[[Potassium chloride]]
  
 
===Red===
 
===Red===
*Mercury
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*[[Mercury]]
  
 
===Red-violet===
 
===Red-violet===
*Rubidium
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*[[Rubidium]]
  
 
===Scarlet===
 
===Scarlet===
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===Silvery-white===
 
===Silvery-white===
*Aluminium
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*[[Aluminium]]
*Chromium
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*[[Chromium]]
*Cobalt
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*[[Cobalt]]
*Nickel
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*[[Nickel]]
  
 
===Violet===
 
===Violet===
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===White===
 
===White===
*Beryllium
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*[[Beryllium]]
*Magnesium
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*[[Magnesium]]
  
 
===Yellow===
 
===Yellow===
*Sodium (masks everything, invisible through blue glass)
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*[[Sodium]] (masks everything, invisible through blue glass)
  
 
===Yellowish-green===
 
===Yellowish-green===
*Barium
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*[[Barium]]
*Manganese
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*[[Manganese]]
*Molybdenum
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*[[Molybdenum]]
*Vanadium
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*[[Vanadium]]
  
 
== Spectroscopy ==
 
== Spectroscopy ==
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*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=14020 Interesting Spectation]
 
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=14020 Interesting Spectation]
  
[[Category:Procedures]]
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[[Category:Analytical techniques]]

Latest revision as of 21:29, 2 December 2018

A flame test is an analytical procedure that can determine the presence of certain elements.

Procedure

A flame test is carried out by placing a sample on a clean wire (commonly made out of platinum or nichrome), and placing it in a hot non-luminous flame (one that does not exhibit black-body radiation).

Flame colors

Azure

  • Copper halides (copper(II) chloride)
  • Bismuth

Bluish-green

Brick red

Carmine

  • Lithium (violet through blue glass, invisible through green glass, masked by barium)

Crimson red

  • Radium

Emerald

Feeble green

Gray

Light blue

Orange

  • Calcium (greenish through blue glass, green through green glass, masked by barium)
  • Scandium

Pale blue

Pale green

  • Antimony

Pink

Pure green

Purple

Red

Red-violet

Scarlet

  • Strontium (violet through blue glass, yellowish through green glass, masked by barium)

Silvery-white

Violet

  • Potassium (masked easily)

White

Yellow

  • Sodium (masks everything, invisible through blue glass)

Yellowish-green

Spectroscopy

A mad scientist with a more technical bent can improve this technique by building a simple spectroscope, which decomposes the light from the flame into a spectrum. The advantages of spectroscopy is that it does not require any colored glass, all spectral lines are visible separately without them.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads