Difference between revisions of "Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine"

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'''Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine''' or '''HMTD''' is a high explosive organic compound.  
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'''Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine''' or '''HMTD''' is a dangerous high explosive organic compound.  
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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===Physical===
 
===Physical===
HMTD is a white solid, which decomposes if heated to 75 °C. It has a density of 0.88 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. HMTD is soluble in THF, and somewhat soluble in ethanol.<ref>http://actachemscand.org/pdf/acta_vol_42a_p0165-0170.pdf</ref>
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HMTD is a white solid, which decomposes if heated to 75 °C. It has a density of 0.88 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. HMTD is soluble in [[Tetrahydrofuran|THF]], and somewhat soluble in [[ethanol]].<ref>http://actachemscand.org/pdf/acta_vol_42a_p0165-0170.pdf</ref>
  
 
==Availability==
 
==Availability==
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The preparation of HMTD always presents the risk of premature detonation and should not be attempted by amateurs. But if you really want to know:
 
The preparation of HMTD always presents the risk of premature detonation and should not be attempted by amateurs. But if you really want to know:
  
14 g of [[hexamine]] is dissolved in 45 ml of hydrogen peroxide 30% concentration and stirred (mechanically) at 0 °C. An amount of 21 grams of finely powdered [[citric acid]] is then slowly added under continuous stirring for 3 h, at 0 °C. After 3 hours, the product is allowed to reach room temperature and left for 2 h. The white crystalline product is filtered off, and washed thoroughly with water, to remove any water soluble impurities and rinsed with methanol. The wet product is air dried. This part is risky as the product may explode during drying. The yield is around 50-70%.<ref>http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00294a043</ref>
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14 g of [[hexamine]] is dissolved in 45 ml of [[hydrogen peroxide]] 30% concentration and stirred (mechanically) at 0 °C. An amount of 21 grams of finely powdered [[citric acid]] is then slowly added under continuous stirring for 3 h, at 0 °C. After 3 hours, the product is allowed to reach room temperature and left for 2 h. The white crystalline product is filtered off, and washed thoroughly with water, to remove any water soluble impurities and rinsed with methanol. The wet product is air dried. This part is risky as the product may explode during drying. The yield is around 50-70%.<ref>http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00294a043</ref>
  
 
Larger amounts are not safe to handle, so it's best to try to make smaller amounts based on the process above.
 
Larger amounts are not safe to handle, so it's best to try to make smaller amounts based on the process above.
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==Handling==
 
==Handling==
 
===Safety===
 
===Safety===
Although it is more stable than most explosive peroxides, it is still sensitive to friction, shock and heat, especially when dry. If wet or underwater, it is more stable.
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Although it is more stable than most explosive peroxides, it is still sensitive to friction, shock and heat, especially when dry. Contact with metals should be avoided. If wet or underwater, it is more stable.
  
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
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Being a sensitive explosive, it is easy to dispose of, though this is unsafe.
 
Being a sensitive explosive, it is easy to dispose of, though this is unsafe.
  
Safe disposal can be done by adding a mixture of Zinc sulfate, copper(II) chloride with Zn and Cu powder, in a solution containing the peroxide. The salt/metal/peroxide ratio is 5:5:1. Small amounts of sulfuric acid are also added. <ref>http://energetics.chm.uri.edu/?q=/system/files/2008+Destruction+of+Peroxide+Explosives.pdf</ref>
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Safe disposal can be done by adding a mixture of [[zinc sulfate]], [[copper(II) chloride]] with Zn and Cu powder, in a solution containing the peroxide. The salt/metal/peroxide ratio is 5:5:1. Small amounts of [[sulfuric acid]] are also added. <ref>http://energetics.chm.uri.edu/?q=/system/files/2008+Destruction+of+Peroxide+Explosives.pdf</ref>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==

Revision as of 16:55, 30 October 2015

Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine or HMTD is a dangerous high explosive organic compound.

Properties

Chemical

Like most organic peroxides, such as acetone peroxide, HMTD is unstable and detonates when subjected to shock, friction, and heat. It is, however, less unstable than many other peroxides under normal conditions. It's sensitivity is greatly increased from exposure to ultraviolet light or in contact with most common metals. HMTD is chemically very stable when pure (free of acids, bases, and metal ions) and does not quickly sublime like its acetone counterparts.

Physical

HMTD is a white solid, which decomposes if heated to 75 °C. It has a density of 0.88 g/cm3. HMTD is soluble in THF, and somewhat soluble in ethanol.[1]

Availability

HMTD is not available due to its sensitivity.

Preparation

The preparation of HMTD always presents the risk of premature detonation and should not be attempted by amateurs. But if you really want to know:

14 g of hexamine is dissolved in 45 ml of hydrogen peroxide 30% concentration and stirred (mechanically) at 0 °C. An amount of 21 grams of finely powdered citric acid is then slowly added under continuous stirring for 3 h, at 0 °C. After 3 hours, the product is allowed to reach room temperature and left for 2 h. The white crystalline product is filtered off, and washed thoroughly with water, to remove any water soluble impurities and rinsed with methanol. The wet product is air dried. This part is risky as the product may explode during drying. The yield is around 50-70%.[2]

Larger amounts are not safe to handle, so it's best to try to make smaller amounts based on the process above.

Projects

  • Blow yourself up

Handling

Safety

Although it is more stable than most explosive peroxides, it is still sensitive to friction, shock and heat, especially when dry. Contact with metals should be avoided. If wet or underwater, it is more stable.

Storage

NEVER STORE HMTD!

Disposal

Being a sensitive explosive, it is easy to dispose of, though this is unsafe.

Safe disposal can be done by adding a mixture of zinc sulfate, copper(II) chloride with Zn and Cu powder, in a solution containing the peroxide. The salt/metal/peroxide ratio is 5:5:1. Small amounts of sulfuric acid are also added. [3]

References

  1. http://actachemscand.org/pdf/acta_vol_42a_p0165-0170.pdf
  2. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00294a043
  3. http://energetics.chm.uri.edu/?q=/system/files/2008+Destruction+of+Peroxide+Explosives.pdf

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