Hydrazine hydrochloride

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Hydrazine hydrochloride
Names
IUPAC name
Hydrazinium chloride
Other names
Hydrazine chloride
Hydrazine monochloride
Hydrazine monohydrogen chloride
Hydrazine monohydrochloride
Hydrazinium chloride
Properties
N2H5Cl
Molar mass 68.51 g/mol
Appearance White hygroscopic solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.5 g/cm3
Melting point 89–93 °C (192–199 °F; 362–366 K)
Boiling point 240 °C (464 °F; 513 K) (decomposes)
37 g/100ml (20 °C)
Solubility Slightly soluble in alcohols
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
128 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Hydrazine nitrate
Hydrazine sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Hydrazine hydrochloride, or more accurately hydrazine monohydrochloride, is a chemical compound with the formula N2H5Cl or N2H4HCl, the monochloride salt of hydrazine.

Properties

Chemical

Further addition of HCl to hydrazine monohydrochloride will yield hydrazine dihydrochloride.

Hydrazine hydrate is produced when hydrazine hydrochloride is reacted with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide.

Physical

Hydrazine monohydrochloride is a white hygroscopic solid, very soluble in water.

Availability

Hydrazine monohydrochloride is sold by chemical suppliers.

Preparation

Hydrazine monohydrochloride can be prepared by reacting an equimolar amount of hydrazine hydrate with hydrochloric acid.

More conveniently (and much safer) it can be produced via double displacement between hydrazine sulfate and calcium chloride or barium chloride. The insoluble sulfate precipitates, which is filtered off. The hydrazine chloride solution is dried and the product is kept in an desiccator for further drying.

Projects

Handling

Safety

Hydrazine hydrochloride is much safer than its free base, hydrazine. However, it is still moderately toxic and a suspected carcinogen.

Storage

In closed and airtight containers, with a clear hazard label.

Disposal

Hydrazine hydrochloride can be neutralized with a diluted solution of calcium hypochlorite.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads