Difference between revisions of "Nicotinamide"

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 130: Line 130:
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
 +
*Make 3-aminopyridine
 
*Make 2-chloronicotinonitril
 
*Make 2-chloronicotinonitril
 
*Food supplement
 
*Food supplement

Revision as of 18:41, 11 January 2020

Nicotinamide
Names
IUPAC name
Pyridine-3-carboxamide
Other names
3-pyridinecarboxamide
NAM
Niacinamide
Nicotinic acid amide
Nicotinic amide
Vitamin B3
Vitamin PP
Properties
C6H6N2O
Molar mass 122.127 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.40 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point 129.5 °C (265.1 °F; 402.6 K)
Boiling point 334 °C (633 °F; 607 K) (decomposes)
50 g/100 ml (25 °C)
Solubility Soluble in acetone, butanol, chloroform, ethanol, ethylene glycol, pentanol
Slightly soluble in benzene
Vapor pressure 4.2·10-4 mmHg at 25 °C
Acidity (pKa) 3.35
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 182 °C (360 °F; 455 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
3,530 mg/kg (rat, oral)
2,000 mg/kg (rabbit, dermal)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Niacin
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Nicotinamide (NAM), also known as niacinamide, is a form of vitamin B3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. It is an amide of nicotinic acid.

Properties

Chemical

Niacinamide readily hydrolyzes to free acid by heating it in acid or alkaline solution.

Nicotinamide is a building block (active component) of coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phopshate (NADP).

Physical

Niacinamide is a white solid, odorless, with a bitter taste.

Availability

Niacinamide is sold by food stores and pharmacies, in pure form or as tablets.

Can also be bought online.

Preparation

The hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile yields niacinamide.

However, it's much cheaper to just buy the substance from sellers.

Projects

  • Make 3-aminopyridine
  • Make 2-chloronicotinonitril
  • Food supplement
  • Stabilizer for acetaldehyde

Handling

Safety

Niacinamide has low toxicity and is not irritant. Consumption of pure nicotinamide has minimal side effects. At high doses however, liver problems may occur. Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.

Storage

In closed bottles or bags.

Disposal

No special disposal is required. Discard it as you wish.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads