https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Propylene_glycol_dinitrate&feed=atom&action=history
Propylene glycol dinitrate - Revision history
2024-03-29T11:16:20Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.25.1
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Propylene_glycol_dinitrate&diff=15159&oldid=prev
Mabus at 19:41, 9 August 2023
2023-08-09T19:41:50Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:41, 9 August 2023</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Availability==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Availability==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Propylene glycol dinitrate is not available and has to be prepared in situ.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Propylene glycol dinitrate is not available <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">commercially </ins>and has to be prepared in situ.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Preparation==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Preparation==</div></td></tr>
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Mabus
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Propylene_glycol_dinitrate&diff=13343&oldid=prev
Mabus at 14:01, 22 September 2020
2020-09-22T14:01:48Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:01, 22 September 2020</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Physical===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Physical===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>PGDN is a colorless liquid, with a disagreeable odor. It is immiscible with water, but much more soluble in organic solvents.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>PGDN is a colorless liquid, with a disagreeable odor. It is immiscible with water, but much more soluble in <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">other </ins>organic solvents.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Explosive===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Explosive===</div></td></tr>
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Mabus
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Propylene_glycol_dinitrate&diff=12737&oldid=prev
Mabus: Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Propylene glycol dinitrate | Reference = | IUPACName = Propylene dinitrate | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = 1-Nitrooxypropan-2-yl nitrate<br>1,2-Bi..."
2020-03-14T20:53:27Z
<p>Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Propylene glycol dinitrate | Reference = | IUPACName = Propylene dinitrate | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = 1-Nitrooxypropan-2-yl nitrate<br>1,2-Bi..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Chembox<br />
| Name = Propylene glycol dinitrate<br />
| Reference =<br />
| IUPACName = Propylene dinitrate<br />
| PIN =<br />
| SystematicName =<br />
| OtherNames = 1-Nitrooxypropan-2-yl nitrate<br>1,2-Bis(nitrooxy)propane<br>1,2-Propanediol dinitrate<br>1,2-Propylene glycol dinitrate<br>Isopropylene nitrate<br>PGDN<br>Propane-1,2-diyl dinitrate<br />
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| AtmosphericOHRateConstant = <br />
| Appearance = Colorless liquid<br />
| BoilingPt = <br />
| BoilingPtC = 121<br />
| BoilingPt_ref = <br />
| BoilingPt_notes = (decomposition begins below boiling point)<br />
| Density = 1.232 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (at 20 °C)<br />
| Formula = C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub><br />
| HenryConstant = <br />
| LogP = 1.59<br />
| MolarMass = 166.089 g/mol<br />
| MeltingPt = <br />
| MeltingPtC = −27.7<br />
| MeltingPt_ref = <br />
| MeltingPt_notes = <br />
| Odor = Sweet, disagreeable<br />
| pKa = <br />
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| Solubility = 0.797 g/100 ml (25 °C)<br />
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| VaporPressure = 0.07 mmHg (22 °C)<br />
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'''Propylene glycol dinitrate''' ('''PGDN''') is an organic chemical, an ester of [[nitric acid]] and [[propylene glycol]]. It is structurally similar to [[nitroglycerin]] except that it has one fewer nitrate group, or [[ethylene glycol dinitrate|EGDN]] but with a methyl group.<br />
<br />
==Properties==<br />
===Chemical===<br />
Propylene glycol dinitrate burns with a clean flame and if heated enough it may explode.<br />
<br />
: C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>(ONO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> → 3 CO + 3 H<sub>2</sub>O + N<sub>2</sub><br />
<br />
===Physical===<br />
PGDN is a colorless liquid, with a disagreeable odor. It is immiscible with water, but much more soluble in organic solvents.<br />
<br />
===Explosive===<br />
PGDN is shock and friction sensitive, albeit less so than nitroglycerine. It has a detonation velocity of 6900 m/s at a density of 1.37.<ref>[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02672682 G. D. Kozak , "Measurement and calculation of the ideal detonation velocity for liquid nitrocompounds", ''Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves'', vol. 34, p. 581–586 (1998)]</ref><br />
<br />
==Availability==<br />
Propylene glycol dinitrate is not available and has to be prepared in situ.<br />
<br />
==Preparation==<br />
Propylene glycol dinitrate can be prepared by nitrating dry [[propylene glycol]] using concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid.<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301673806_E-Smoking_Liquids_as_Precursors_for_Liquid_Nitroesters E-Smoking Liquids as Precursors for Liquid Nitroesters, Hichem FETTAKA, Michel H. LEFEBVRE]</ref><br />
<br />
==Projects==<br />
*[[Smokeless powder]]<br />
*Various propellants (Otto fuel II e.g.)<br />
<br />
==Handling==<br />
===Safety===<br />
PGDN, like all nitrate esters, affects blood pressure, causes respiratory toxicity, damages liver and kidneys, distorts vision, causes methoglobinuria, and can cause headache and lack of coordination. It may be absorbed through skin. Its primary toxicity mechanism is methemoglobinemia. It may cause permanent nerve damage.<br />
<br />
For occupational exposures, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has set a recommended exposure limit at 0.05 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) over an eight-hour workday, for dermal exposures.<br />
<br />
===Storage===<br />
Should not be stored for long periods of time and used as soon as possible.<br />
<br />
2-Nitrodiphenylamine or di-n-butyl sebacate are sometimes used as stabilizers.<br />
<br />
===Disposal===<br />
Can be diluted with a more flammable solvent and burned outside.<br />
<br />
Alternatively it can be diluted in a solvent, then carefully poured in a cooled solution of NaOH to hydrolyze it.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===<br />
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=15077 safer NG alternatives]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Organic compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Nitrates]]<br />
[[Category:Nitrated organic compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Energetic materials]]<br />
[[Category:High explosives]]<br />
[[Category:Secondary explosives]]<br />
[[Category:Hair-trigger explosives]]<br />
[[Category:Contact poisons]]<br />
[[Category:Things that can kill you very quickly]]<br />
[[Category:Liquids]]</div>
Mabus