Silver acetylide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Silver acetylide
| |
| Other names
Argentous acetylide
Argentous carbide Argentous dicarbide Argentous ethynediide Argentous percarbide Silver carbide Silver dicarbide Silver percarbide Silver(I) acetylide Silver(I) ethynediide | |
| Properties | |
| Ag2C2 | |
| Molar mass | 239.758 g·mol |
| Appearance | White or gray precipitate |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 4.47 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 120 °C (248 °F; 393 K) (explosive decomposition) |
| Boiling point | Decomposition |
| Insoluble | |
| Solubility | Reacts with acids Insoluble in solvents |
| Vapor pressure | ~0 mmHg |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
357.6±5.0 kJ/mol[1] |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | None |
| Flash point | 77 °C (171 °F; 350 K) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Copper(I) acetylide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Silver acetylide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Ag2C2, a metal acetylide.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Pure silver acetylide is a heat- and shock-sensitive primary explosive. Silver acetylide decompose through the reaction:
- Ag2C2 (s) → 2 Ag (s) + 2 C (s)
Like other metal acetylides, it reacts with acids to release acetylene gas.
Physical
Silver acetylide is a white to gray solid, odorless and insoluble in water and solvents.
Explosive
Silver acetylide is highly sensitive to heat and mechanical shock when dry, though less so when wet.[2]
The detonation velocity of the silver acetylide-silver nitrate double salt is 1980 m/s, while that of pure silver acetylide is 1200 m/s.[3]
Availability
Silver acetylide is not sold due to its instability and has to be made in situ.
Preparation
Silver acetylide can be produced by passing acetylene gas through a solution of silver nitrate in aq. ammonia:[4][5]
- 2 AgNO3 (aq) + C2H2 (g) → Ag2C2 (s) + 2 HNO3 (aq)
The reaction product is a greyish to white precipitate, depending on the purity of acetylene.
If the reaction is done in acidic or neutral solution, the product will be a double salt of acetylide and silver nitrate.
Projects
- Pyrotechnic demonstration
Handling
Safety
Silver acetylide is stable when wet, but the dry pure form is highly sensitive to shock and heat, and will explode if disturbed.
Storage
Should not be stored and used up as soon as possible.
Disposal
Can be safely neutralized when wet, by carefully adding and acid, like hydrochloric acid. This produces silver chloride and acetylene gas, so this process must be done outside.
References
- ↑ Finch, Arthur; Gardner, Peter J.; Head, Arthur J.; Majdi, Hassan S. (1991). "The standard enthalpy of formation of silver acetylide". Thermochimica Acta. 180: 325–330
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc4jnqwOSPE
- ↑ Matyáš, Robert; Pachman, Jiří (2013). Primary Explosives. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ↑ https://woelen.homescience.net/science/chem/exps/silveracetylide/index.html
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_TIVJS-lFc
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
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- Chemical compounds
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