Difference between revisions of "Terbium sulfate"

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Terbium sulfate''' is an ionic compound with the formula [[Terbium|Tb]]<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. It is notable for being extremely fluorescent, emitting bright green light under shortwave [[ultraviolet light]]. It is relatively insoluble in water, especially when precipitated with potassium sulfate, forming a double sulfate with the formula KTb(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.
+
{{Chembox
 +
| Name = Terbium sulfate
 +
| Reference =
 +
| IUPACName = Terbium(III) sulfate
 +
| PIN =
 +
| SystematicName =
 +
| OtherNames = Diterbium trisulphate
 +
<!-- Images -->
 +
| ImageFile = Terbium_sulfate.jpg
 +
| ImageSize = 300
 +
| ImageAlt =
 +
| ImageName =
 +
| ImageCaption = Terbium sulfate fluorescing in a plastic bag
 +
| ImageFile1 =
 +
| ImageSize1 =
 +
| ImageAlt1 =
 +
| ImageName1 =
 +
| ImageFile2 =
 +
| ImageSize2 =
 +
| ImageAlt2 =
 +
| ImageName2 =
 +
| ImageFile3 =
 +
| ImageSize3 =
 +
| ImageAlt3 =
 +
| ImageName3 =
 +
| ImageFileL1 =
 +
| ImageSizeL1 =
 +
| ImageAltL1 =
 +
| ImageNameL1 =
 +
| ImageFileR1 =
 +
| ImageSizeR1 =
 +
| ImageAltR1 =
 +
| ImageNameR1 =
 +
| ImageFileL2 =
 +
| ImageSizeL2 =
 +
| ImageAltL2 =
 +
| ImageNameL2 =
 +
| ImageFileR2 =
 +
| ImageSizeR2 =
 +
| ImageAltR2 =
 +
| ImageNameR2 =
 +
<!-- Sections -->
 +
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
 +
| 3DMet =
 +
| Abbreviations =
 +
| SMILES =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
 +
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
 +
| Appearance = White crystalline solid
 +
| BoilingPt =
 +
| BoilingPtC =
 +
| BoilingPt_ref =
 +
| BoilingPt_notes = Decomposes
 +
| Density =
 +
| Formula = Tb<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>
 +
| HenryConstant =
 +
| LogP =
 +
| MolarMass = 750.16
 +
| MeltingPt =
 +
| MeltingPtC = 360
 +
| MeltingPt_ref =
 +
| MeltingPt_notes = (decomposes)<ref>David R. Lide (Hrsg.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 90. Auflage. (Internet-Version: 2010), CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds, S. 4-94</ref>
 +
| Odor = Odorless
 +
| pKa =
 +
| pKb =
 +
| Solubility = Slightly soluble
 +
| SolubleOther = Insoluble in hydrocarbons
 +
| Solvent =
 +
| VaporPressure = ~0 mmHg
 +
  }}
 +
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 +
| Coordination =
 +
| CrystalStruct =
 +
| MolShape =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
 +
| DeltaGf =
 +
| DeltaHc =
 +
| DeltaHf =
 +
| Entropy =
 +
| HeatCapacity =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive
 +
| ShockSens =
 +
| FrictionSens =
 +
| DetonationV =
 +
| REFactor =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
 +
| AutoignitionPt =
 +
| ExploLimits = Non-flammable
 +
| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/9FLZjxX/terbium-sulfate.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich]
 +
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
 +
| LD50 =
 +
| LC50 =
 +
| MainHazards = Irritant
 +
| NFPA-F =
 +
| NFPA-H =
 +
| NFPA-R =
 +
| NFPA-S =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section7 = {{Chembox Related
 +
| OtherAnions =
 +
| OtherCations =
 +
| OtherFunction =
 +
| OtherFunction_label =
 +
| OtherCompounds =
 +
  }}
 +
}}
 +
'''Terbium sulfate''' is an ionic compound with the formula '''[[Terbium|Tb]]<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>'''. It is notable for being extremely fluorescent, emitting bright green light under shortwave [[ultraviolet light]]. It is relatively insoluble in water, especially when precipitated with potassium sulfate, forming a double sulfate with the formula KTb(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
Line 6: Line 116:
  
 
===Physical===
 
===Physical===
Terbium sulfate appears to crystallize in the hexagonal crystal system. It is a white solid that can be quite powdery when crushed. As a powder, it passes ''very easily'' through filter paper.[[File:Terbium_sulfate.jpg|thumb|256px|Terbium sulfate fluorescing in a plastic bag]]
+
Terbium sulfate appears to crystallize in the hexagonal crystal system. It is a white solid that can be quite powdery when crushed. As a powder, it passes ''very easily'' through filter paper.
  
 
==Availability==
 
==Availability==
Line 15: Line 125:
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
*Make fluorescent crystals
+
*Make fluorescent crystals<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJcObFauFIc</ref>
[[File:Make Green Fluorescent Crystals from Terbium Metal|thumb|right|335 px]]
+
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
Line 23: Line 132:
  
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
 +
Terbium sulfate should be kept in closed plastic or glass bottles, away from moisture and acids.
  
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
 +
Due to the rarity of terbium, it's best to recycle it.
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>I vouch for pretty much everything. [[User:Brain&#38;Force|Brain&#38;Force]] ([[User talk:Brain&#38;Force|talk]]) 04:03, August 19, 2014 (UTC)
 
<references/>I vouch for pretty much everything. [[User:Brain&#38;Force|Brain&#38;Force]] ([[User talk:Brain&#38;Force|talk]]) 04:03, August 19, 2014 (UTC)
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=27265 General discussion of terbium compounds]
+
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=27265 General discussion of terbium compounds]
  
 
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 
[[Category:Inorganic compounds]]
 
[[Category:Inorganic compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Lanthanide compounds]]
 
[[Category:Terbium compounds]]
 
[[Category:Terbium compounds]]
 
[[Category:Sulfates]]
 
[[Category:Sulfates]]
 
[[Category:Fluorescent materials]]
 
[[Category:Fluorescent materials]]
 
[[Category:Chemicals for crystal growing]]
 
[[Category:Chemicals for crystal growing]]

Latest revision as of 19:38, 27 December 2023

Terbium sulfate
Terbium sulfate.jpg
Terbium sulfate fluorescing in a plastic bag
Names
IUPAC name
Terbium(III) sulfate
Other names
Diterbium trisulphate
Properties
Tb2(SO4)3
Molar mass 750.16
Appearance White crystalline solid
Odor Odorless
Melting point 360 °C (680 °F; 633 K) (decomposes)[1]
Boiling point Decomposes
Slightly soluble
Solubility Insoluble in hydrocarbons
Vapor pressure ~0 mmHg
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point Non-flammable
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Terbium sulfate is an ionic compound with the formula Tb2(SO4)3. It is notable for being extremely fluorescent, emitting bright green light under shortwave ultraviolet light. It is relatively insoluble in water, especially when precipitated with potassium sulfate, forming a double sulfate with the formula KTb(SO4)2.

Properties

Chemical

Terbium sulfate is generally inert to reduction or oxidation. Heating to approximately 1500 degrees Celsius, however, produces terbium(III,IV) oxide. Its solubility in water decreases with heating, but it has a tendency to supersaturate, and a supersaturated solution of terbium sulfate may not crystallize for days.

Physical

Terbium sulfate appears to crystallize in the hexagonal crystal system. It is a white solid that can be quite powdery when crushed. As a powder, it passes very easily through filter paper.

Availability

Terbium sulfate is extremely difficult to find at a reasonable price, but the materials needed for preparation, terbium metal and sulfuric acid, can be found quite easily.

Preparation

Terbium sulfate can be made by adding terbium metal to sulfuric acid. Terbium sulfate, however, does not dissolve in water easily, so stirring the metal to remove the layers of terbium sulfate powder helps greatly.

Projects

  • Make fluorescent crystals[2]

Handling

Safety

Terbium sulfate does not appear to be particularly toxic.

Storage

Terbium sulfate should be kept in closed plastic or glass bottles, away from moisture and acids.

Disposal

Due to the rarity of terbium, it's best to recycle it.

References

  1. David R. Lide (Hrsg.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 90. Auflage. (Internet-Version: 2010), CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds, S. 4-94
  2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJcObFauFIc
I vouch for pretty much everything. Brain&Force (talk) 04:03, August 19, 2014 (UTC)

Relevant Sciencemadness threads