Tetryl

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Tetryl
Tetryl 2,4,6-Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine by Explosiopedia.jpg
Tetryl sample
Names
IUPAC name
2,4,6-Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine
Preferred IUPAC name
N-Methyl-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)nitramide
Other names
N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline
N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitrophenyl-1-amine
N-Methyl-N-picrylnitramine
N-Picryl-N-methylnitramine
Nitramine
Tetralite
Tetril
Properties
C7H5N5O8
Molar mass 287.14 g/mol
Appearance Yellow crystalline solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.73 g/cm3
Melting point 129.5 °C (265.1 °F; 402.6 K)
Boiling point 187 °C (369 °F; 460 K) (decomposition)
0.0051 g/100 ml (0.5 °C)
0.168 g/100 ml (98.6 °C)[1]
Solubility Soluble in glacial acetic acid, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, pyridine
Slightly soluble in benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethanol
Solubility in acetone 50.8 g/100 ml (18 °C)[2]
Solubility in benzene 4.4 g/100 ml (18 °C)
Solubility in carbon disulfide 0.0121 g/100 ml (0.4 °C)
0.125 g/100 ml (46.1 °C)
Solubility in carbon tetrachloride 0.012 g/100 ml (0.5 °C)
0.41 g/100 ml (73.3 °C)[3]
Solubility in chloroform 0.43 g/100 ml (0.4 °C)
3.54 g/100 ml (58.8 °C)
Vapor pressure <1 mmHg (20 °C)
Thermochemistry
Hazards
Safety data sheet CPCB
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Tetryl (IUPAC: 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) is an explosive compound used to make detonators and explosive booster charges. It has the chemical formula C7H5N5O8.

Properties

Chemical

Tetryl burns when ignited, giving off black smoke.

Physical

Tetryl is a yellow solid, insoluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.

Explosive

Tetryl explodes when subjected to strong heating. Its detonation velocity is 7,570 m/s and has a R.E. factor of 1.25.

Availability

Tetryl is sold as detonators. Purchase requires an explosive permit.

Preparation

Tetryl can be made by adding dimethylaniline to a mixture of conc. nitric acid and sulfuric acid under controlled conditions.

Projects

  • Make detonators
  • Make tetrytol

Handling

Safety

Tetryl is toxic and explosive. Should be handled with care and proper protection.

Storage

Should be stored for short periods of time, in spark-free containers.

Disposal

Can be destroyed via controlled incineration.

A safer method involves the slow and controlled addition in Fenton's reagent.

References

  1. Taylor; Rinkenbach; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 15; (1923); p. 280; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 45; (1923); p. 105
  2. Desvergnes; Rev.Chim.ind.; vol. 40; (1931); p. 34
  3. Taylor; Rinkenbach; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 15; (1923); p. 280; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 45; (1923); p. 105
  4. Taylor; Rinkenbach; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 48; (1926); p. 1309

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