Sciencemadness Discussion Board
Not logged in [Login ]
Go To Bottom

Printable Version  
Author: Subject: Report on making Manganese Iodide MnI2
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 25-11-2019 at 20:34
Report on making Manganese Iodide MnI2


Continuing the quest to make a pink compound (on request of my daughter!) I had a go at Manganese iodide.
I first tried reacting Mn powder with I2 in Xylene (as I recently made Antimony Iodide) but after 90 minutes nothing seemed to have happened. Poormans Chemist then suggested I try in water. And this worked.
- 100ml water in 500ml beaker
- 2g Mn powder
- 5g I2 granules (or should I say crystals??)
The reaction started even before I started to stir or heat up the water!
- Stirred at high speed and heated to around 50 deg C. Solution was initially dark grey / almost black but turned dark brown after 8 minutes.
- Decided to add more now that it appeared to be doing something. Added 6g of Iodine first; some purple Iodine vapour observed. Added another 3,3g Manganese powder, Iodine vapor stopped almost immediately and after a few minutes solution turned dark brown again.
- Stirred for another 10 minutes. Increased the temperature to near boiling to see if any more free Iodine was present but no vapors.
- Filtered the hot solution. Filtrate was clear, like water.
- Started to boil down and also tested a few ml of the clear filtrate in a test tube with a solution of lead nitrate. A bright yellow precipitate of lead iodide, happy days!!
- Solution color became more yellow-pinkish as it was boiled down. Volume less then 10ml when some crystal film started to form.
- Transferred to an ice bath. It very quickly solidified in to a pink layer that was as hard as a rock! Heated up again till liquid and poured onto a mortar. Agitated with a stainless spatula while it cooled down but it again became rock hard. Used a big flat screw driver and brute force to break up the MnI2, Transferred to a small vial.
- Final recovery 9.6 gram.

The MnI2 is hygroscopic. Small pieces around the bench that spilled during the breaking up each became wet after some time.

If anyone can advise a technique to use when working with salts that dry rock hard to avoid the struggle of having to get it out from the drying dish please share.

By the way I did search all forums for "Manganese Iodide" and MnI2 to see if I could post this into an existing thread but nothing came up.
-

1 Reacting on hotplate.jpg - 562kB 2 Filtrate.jpg - 445kB 4 Filtrate boiled down from 100 to 10ml.jpg - 576kB 7 MnI2.jpg - 465kB
View user's profile View All Posts By User
woelen
Super Administrator
*********




Posts: 8020
Registered: 20-8-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: interested

[*] posted on 25-11-2019 at 23:33


Nice synthesis. Given the pink color of your product, you also succeeded in getting a product of decent purity.
Most likely this is not MnI2, but some hydrate of it, MnI2.nH2O (I don't know n).

The color of this compound is darker than that of MnCl2.4H2O, but this is quite common with colored iodides.




The art of wondering makes life worth living...
Want to wonder? Look at https://woelen.homescience.net
View user's profile Visit user's homepage View All Posts By User
Tsjerk
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 3032
Registered: 20-4-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: Mood

[*] posted on 25-11-2019 at 23:53


What about the solubility of MnI2 in for example ethanol or acetone? Maybe you get a more fine precipitate when you crash out the salt with a solvent... Or you get a two layer system, also possible.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 01:22


Woelen when the initial yield became rock hard and stuck in the beaker I heated it up again until liquid and boiled a bit more before pouring it out into the mortar so for sure the water is now an in-between number.

Tsjerk it did not work in xylene; I do not know if it will work in other solvents. When I first tried to make tin iodide I tried in acetone but that did not work. It seemed the iodine had some reaction with the acetone and when the orange solution was heated to evaporate the acetone some iodine always appeared and messed up the product.

I want to stay with making iodides for now, planning to do lead, erbium, gallium, chromium, bismuth, vanadium, and indium as I get hold of the metals. They are all said to yield colorful iodides. If you know of any other colorful iodides please tell me :)

View user's profile View All Posts By User
j_sum1
Administrator
********




Posts: 6328
Registered: 4-10-2014
Location: At home
Member Is Offline

Mood: Most of the ducks are in a row

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 01:26


Cool project and nice result.
IIRC, cobalt iodide is also quite pretty.
I have some PbI2 ready to process - beautiful deep yellow colour with a slight sparkle.
I may have to try the MnI2.

Please continue to post progress on these.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 01:43


@j_sum1 will do. I made lead iodide some time ago to do the golden rain experiment and want to make more just for a sample. The antimony tri iodide is also very pretty, I posted some photos a few days ago. Red with sparkles.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Tsjerk
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 3032
Registered: 20-4-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: Mood

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 03:32


Quote: Originally posted by Lion850  


Tsjerk it did not work in xylene; I do not know if it will work in other solvents. When I first tried to make tin iodide I tried in acetone but that did not work. It seemed the iodine had some reaction with the acetone and when the orange solution was heated to evaporate the acetone some iodine always appeared and messed up the product.


What I meant was adding ethanol or acetone to the colorless (aqueous) post reaction filtratie, instead of boiling it down.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
woelen
Super Administrator
*********




Posts: 8020
Registered: 20-8-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: interested

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 04:00


If you want a really beautiful iodide, try HgI2. This is the most brilliant, deeply saturated orange I have ever seen, especially if you make the dry and pure compound.
I made a small sample of that and kept this around. It also has a special property. If heated, it changes color to bright yellow, like powdered PbI2 and on cooling down, it remains yellow, but as soon as it is mechanically agitated (e.g. by shaking), it becomes bright orange again.




The art of wondering makes life worth living...
Want to wonder? Look at https://woelen.homescience.net
View user's profile Visit user's homepage View All Posts By User
chemplayer...
Legendary
***




Posts: 191
Registered: 25-4-2016
Location: Away from the secret island
Member Is Offline

Mood: No Mood

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 05:33


Nice reaction and love the hue of the product - as mentioned above it looks like you got a pretty pure product out of it.



Watch some vintage ChemPlayer: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/chemplayer/
View user's profile View All Posts By User
DraconicAcid
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 4343
Registered: 1-2-2013
Location: The tiniest college campus ever....
Member Is Offline

Mood: Semi-victorious.

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 10:36


The reaction of zinc with iodine in methanol works fine- it may also be a suitable solvent for reaction with other metals.



Please remember: "Filtrate" is not a verb.
Write up your lab reports the way your instructor wants them, not the way your ex-instructor wants them.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Sulaiman
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 3706
Registered: 8-2-2015
Location: 3rd rock from the sun
Member Is Offline


[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 10:49


Quote: Originally posted by Lion850  
If anyone can advise a technique to use when working with salts that dry rock hard to avoid the struggle of having to get it out from the drying dish please share.

Rather than crashing out crystals,
why not let the salt crystalise slowly by room temperature evaporation of the water ?
(start with the solution slightly less than saturated at RT)
this way you get larger, purer crystals - eventually.
Depending upon conditions it could take several days,
and your daughter can watch the crystals growing day by day.
This method will normally produce the fully hydrated form.




CAUTION : Hobby Chemist, not Professional or even Amateur
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Tsjerk
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 3032
Registered: 20-4-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: Mood

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 10:55


Quote: Originally posted by Sulaiman  
Quote: Originally posted by Lion850  
If anyone can advise a technique to use when working with salts that dry rock hard to avoid the struggle of having to get it out from the drying dish please share.

Rather than crashing out crystals,
why not let the salt crystalise slowly by room temperature evaporation of the water ?
(start with the solution slightly less than saturated at RT)
this way you get larger, purer crystals - eventually.
Depending upon conditions it could take several days,
and your daughter can watch the crystals growing day by day.
This method will normally produce the fully hydrated form.


I guess you need pretty dry air to do this, as hygroscopic properties were mentioned, but in a box with some CaCl2 this should work.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 26-11-2019 at 20:25


Woelen - by coincidence today I got some LR quality mercury iodide - and it is a beautiful bright red. I took one look and closed it again, a bit worried because of the reported toxicity.

Tsjerk - sounds good, but the manganese iodide seems very hygroscopic so it will probably have to be dried enclosed in a container with something like concentrated sulphuric acid or maybe calcium chloride?

Thanks for all the suggestions.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Bezaleel
Hazard to Others
***




Posts: 444
Registered: 28-2-2009
Member Is Offline

Mood: transitional

[*] posted on 27-11-2019 at 07:37


At a reasonable price you can buy polycarbonate dessicators these days. Something you might consider. You'll need a vacuum pump also. I once obtained a thick glass dessicator and I know one thing for sure: I should have gotten one much earlier.

I'd be interested in your Erbium iodide, if you succeed in making it. I once tried for NdI3, which is said to be green(!) in anhydrous form, but metathesis is a hard thing for NdI3. (Maybe with CuI or AgI a doable metathesis exists?)

Further to pink compounds, I can advise you take some Cr(III) solution and add a slight excess of ammonium paramolybdate, (NH4)6Mo7O24, which goes through a spectacular series of colour changes and ultimately crystallises as deep pink crystals of (NH4)6[Cr(MoO4)6].

Bisethylenediamine nickel(II) is also bright pink-purple. Make sure to create the bis complex, because the mono complex is blue and the tris complex is dark purple.

Cr(III) hexamolybdate IMG_4257_adj.JPG - 19kB
bis ethylenediamine Ni(II) IMG_9273_adjFM.JPG - 14kB
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Tsjerk
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 3032
Registered: 20-4-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: Mood

[*] posted on 27-11-2019 at 08:54


The end point equilibrium (water content in compound A vs. compound B) will be the same whether you use a vacuum or not, the vacuum will speed up things though.

Calcium chloride in a closed container will dry a lot of things.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 27-11-2019 at 12:09


Bezaleel thanks for the suggestions re the pink compounds.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
DraconicAcid
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 4343
Registered: 1-2-2013
Location: The tiniest college campus ever....
Member Is Offline

Mood: Semi-victorious.

[*] posted on 28-11-2019 at 08:42


Nickel dimethylglyoximate is pink, as is bis(ethylenbnediamine)carbonatocobalt(III) nitrate.



Please remember: "Filtrate" is not a verb.
Write up your lab reports the way your instructor wants them, not the way your ex-instructor wants them.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
woelen
Super Administrator
*********




Posts: 8020
Registered: 20-8-2005
Location: Netherlands
Member Is Offline

Mood: interested

[*] posted on 28-11-2019 at 23:47


@Bezaleel: The bis(ethylenediamine) nickel(II) complex is dark blue, not pink. I never succeeded in separating this complex from solution though, I tried a few times, with different anions (sulfate, perchlorate, and chloride).

You can nicely see the different colors of the nickel-ethylenediamine complexes by adding drops of a 30% solution of ethylenediamine to a few ml of a solution of nickel sulfate.
You first get a blue color, like the color of a solution of CuSO4. After a few drops, the color changes, the color shifts to a deep royal blue, quite similar to the well-known deep blue copper(II)-ammonia complex. After several more drops, the color shifts to purple.
The sulfate and perchlorate of the tris-complex crystallize very well. They are easy to obtain in a pure and crystalline form, from a solution which has a slight excess of ethylenediamine.
The bis-complex does not crystallize. On standing in contact with air you get a dirty, ugly-looking dark brown sticky paste, which does not dry further.
I never tried to isolate the mono-complex. Making that pure is not easy either I think, you must add exactly the right amount of ethylenediamine.




The art of wondering makes life worth living...
Want to wonder? Look at https://woelen.homescience.net
View user's profile Visit user's homepage View All Posts By User
AJKOER
Radically Dubious
*****




Posts: 3026
Registered: 7-5-2011
Member Is Offline

Mood: No Mood

[*] posted on 29-11-2019 at 08:30


Per an MSDS on MnI2 at https://www.ltschem.com/msds/MnI2.pdf:

"Incompatible Conditions: Air, Water/moisture, Oxidizing Agents, Light, Acids "

I believe that MnI2 in the presence of moisture and air/O2 for the transition metal Mn, like for many other transition metals (including iron), engages in the electrochemical redox reaction:

4 Mn(ll)/Fe(ll) + O2 + 2 H+ --> 4 Mn(lll)/Fe(lll) + 2 OH- (see https://www.sciencemadness.org/whisper/viewthread.php?tid=15...

where the H+ is sourced from water. More details on Mn-oxo species at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6061251/ .

Apparently, a reaction of the unstable the Mn(lll) species moving to Mn(lV) (and Mn(ll)) is further possible resulting in MnO2.

[Edited on 29-11-2019 by AJKOER]
View user's profile View All Posts By User
DraconicAcid
International Hazard
*****




Posts: 4343
Registered: 1-2-2013
Location: The tiniest college campus ever....
Member Is Offline

Mood: Semi-victorious.

[*] posted on 29-11-2019 at 10:56


Quote: Originally posted by woelen  
The sulfate and perchlorate of the tris-complex crystallize very well.


I'd just like to add that the oxalate of the tris complex also crystallizes beautifully.




Please remember: "Filtrate" is not a verb.
Write up your lab reports the way your instructor wants them, not the way your ex-instructor wants them.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 30-11-2019 at 17:52


@Bezaleel: You wrote "I can advise you take some Cr(III) solution and add a slight excess of ammonium paramolybdate, (NH4)6Mo7O24, which goes through a spectacular series of colour changes and ultimately crystallises as deep pink crystals of (NH4)6[Cr(MoO4)6]."
I have a bit of ammonium paramolybdate as well as Cr (iii) nitrate and want to make the (NH4)6[Cr(MoO4)6] you mention. I tried to find a more detailed procedure online but no luck. Can you please give me some idea in terms of grams how much of each of the chromium nitrate and ammonium paramolybdate to use? Thanks in advance.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Bezaleel
Hazard to Others
***




Posts: 444
Registered: 28-2-2009
Member Is Offline

Mood: transitional

[*] posted on 2-12-2019 at 07:43


Quote: Originally posted by woelen  
@Bezaleel: The bis(ethylenediamine) nickel(II) complex is dark blue, not pink. I never succeeded in separating this complex from solution though, I tried a few times, with different anions (sulfate, perchlorate, and chloride).

(...)

I took this from the picture description I added when I made it. I also had in mind that it's the tris complex which is pink, as you mention. You must be right, but I will also look it up in my logbook.

Quote: Originally posted by Lion850  
@Bezaleel: You wrote "I can advise you take some Cr(III) solution and add a slight excess of ammonium paramolybdate, (NH4)6Mo7O24, which goes through a spectacular series of colour changes and ultimately crystallises as deep pink crystals of (NH4)6[Cr(MoO4)6]."
I have a bit of ammonium paramolybdate as well as Cr (iii) nitrate and want to make the (NH4)6[Cr(MoO4)6] you mention. I tried to find a more detailed procedure online but no luck. Can you please give me some idea in terms of grams how much of each of the chromium nitrate and ammonium paramolybdate to use? Thanks in advance.

Lion850, you will need a little more than the stoichiometric amount (so that you will be assured that the reaction completes). I worked from chrome alum, so I don't know how much Cr(NO3)3 you need. You can calculate it from the reaction equation though:
6 (NH4)6Mo7O24(aq) + 7 KCr(SO4)2(aq) + 24 H2O --> 7 (NH4)3H6[Cr(MoO4)6](aq) + 3½ K2SO4(aq) + 7½ (NH4)2SO4(aq) + 3 H2SO4(aq)
You can find the original post here.

Note: (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O (1235.86 gram/mole)

If you use too little paramolybdate, then some Cr3+ will remain in solution and the pink complex will be a little darker in colour, because some uncomplexed Cr3+ will enter into the crystal lattice.
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Lion850
National Hazard
****




Posts: 517
Registered: 7-10-2019
Location: Australia
Member Is Offline

Mood: Great

[*] posted on 3-12-2019 at 20:25


Bezaleel I gave it a go but with unexpected results. But let me immediately add that I did not follow the procedure as per the link you supplied all that well:
-The app I use for stoichiometry did not accept the equation so I just took a stab as a first try: I dissolved 3g of (NH4)6Mo7O24 in 60ml water and 2g of Cr(NO3)3.9H2O in 50ml water. Note this was at room temperature which is my shed was 32C yesterday.
- Mixed the solutions. Color briefly went lighter green then very dark green again.
- Waited some 20 minutes while stirring but did not see a color change to grey.
- Heated to 70 for a while but the color more or less stayed very dark.
- Cooled down to room temp (32), still very dark.
- Boiled off until signs of precipitate appeared
- Cooled and filtered.
- Left on the filter paper was a light green powder, this dried quickly at room temperature. Dry light green powder was 1.9 gram.
- The filtrate was a beautiful dark green. This quickly semi-dried to a dark green sticky paste but did not dry any further overnight. Placed on watch glass on boiling beaker the next morning and ended up with 1 gram of dry very dark green product. I wonder if this is just unreacted Cr(NO3)3, seems a similar color.

What I find interesting is that the post you reference also says a apple green precipitate resulted, but that others were not able to replicate this color (if I understand the Dutch correct); but it seems mine went the apple green way.

Any thoughts what the light green and the dark green compounds can be? I also half expected to smell acid or maybe see nitrous oxide fumes during the boiling off but nothing else was obvious apart from steam.

4 precipitate (L) and filtrate (r).jpg - 352kB

[Edited on 5-12-2019 by Lion850]
View user's profile View All Posts By User
Bezaleel
Hazard to Others
***




Posts: 444
Registered: 28-2-2009
Member Is Offline

Mood: transitional

[*] posted on 9-12-2019 at 02:21


Hi Lion850, what seems to have happened is that you used an excess of Cr3+. The ratio Cr : Mo = 1 : 6 in the final product. Excess molybdate or Cr3+ stay in solution. I never tested properly what happens when you use different ratios, but I obtained the deep green solution also, when I used too little heptamolybdate.

Taking a molar ratio of 6 heptamolybdate (dihydrate) to 7 chromium, you will need 2.65 g of heptamolybdate for each gram of chromium(III)nitrate nonahydrate. (Molar masses are 1235.86 and 400.21, the latter taken from the English Wiki.)

One thing to note is that if you heat the solution, and Cr is not longer present as Cr3+(aq), it has a tendency to passivate (at least, for this particular complexation reaction). This may explain the green powder you obtained (probably Cr2O3 or a hydrate). I suspect that this is also what was obtained in the early publication and what the authors named "apple green", although I would not personally call this colour apple green.
View user's profile View All Posts By User

  Go To Top