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Syn the Sizer
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Starter reagents for Organic Chemistry
Hello everyone,
I starting to build my home lab O-chem is my strongest subject in school and also my favourite. I am interested interested in what are some common
reactions done in the home lab, I am not looking for esterification unless it unique. I am looking for "intermediate difficulty" reactions. Its almost
spring which means snow will be leaving soon and I can get outside. I am also interested in suggestions for reagents. Is it cheaper to buy salicylic
acid or extract ASA from aspirin and synthesize it from there?
thanks in advance
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j_sum1
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My honest opinion is to put chemplayer on your playlist and get inspired.
No one can help with prices without knowing your location. That said, aspirin is cheap and extraction is easy. I have only ever extracted my own.
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Syn the Sizer
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Ok, that's what I have been doing thus far, I will continue on that path, thank you.
Quote: Originally posted by j_sum1  | | No one can help with prices without knowing your location. That said, aspirin is cheap and extraction is easy. I have only ever extracted my own.
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I wasn't necessarily asking about price, just more about what peoples opinion is based on what they have encountered where they are. I had figured it
would be better to extract it. 500 500mg tablets is super cheap, theoretically thats 250g ASA.
Thanks for the feedback.
[Edited on 28-2-2020 by Syn the Sizer]
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Tsjerk
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Get some 96% sulfuric acid and 99% NaOH, I would say those are very useful reagents. After that ethanol and or methanol, MgSO4 and or Na2SO4.
Azeotropic HCl is also a nice to have. Some beakers and or flasks are also a must have.
With those reagents you can do a lot of stuff, and you can think about getting building blocks like aromatics.
I always set on doing a certain experiment and then acquire the reagents, after a couple of experiment you will have to acquire less each time.
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morganbw
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You will eventually need solvents, ethanol/methanol/isopropyl are some easy alcohols to have. Think about mineral oil/toluene/ethyl acetate or other
alcohol acetates/DCM etc.... the list goes on and on. Just get what you think you might need. You will be surprised at how soon you will have a pretty
good collection.
Do not forget about phosphoric acid, really useful in some circumstances.
Glacial Acetic Acid, a must have. The list of useful acids is actually pretty big.
I have to stop here, but I leave with one or two more suggestions.
Alkali metals=great to have.
Acid salts/halogen salts= are nice/great to have.
I am ending here while dozens of other items are popping to my mind.
Enjoy your hobby, it is special.
[Edited on 2/29/2020 by morganbw]
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Steam
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I would definitely get a bunch of solvents such as Methanol, Ethanol (99%), acetone, and maybe some solvents like DCM. Honestly, you will start to
acquire the chemicals which you need by beginning to run experiments. For instance, if you do a bunch of extractions, you are going to acquire more
reagents specific to that field than if you did say synthesis of ionic liquids.
I recommend chemsavers.com for some of the more exotic things you come across, ebay and amazon for stuff to be bought in bulk.
I would also consider investing in some parafilm and chemwhipes since they are quite useful as well as a BUNCH of nitrile and vinyl gloves. Remember,
gloves only slow the passage of chemicals when it comes to organics, they will not act as a perminant barrier. Once a chemical is on the surface of
your glove, you need to remove it before the chemical permeates the glove. Sometimes you can go through a box of gloves a day if you are a bit messy.
DISCLAIMER: The information in this post is provided for general informational purposes only and may not reflect the current law in your jurisdiction.
No information contained in this post should be construed as legal advice from the individual author, nor is it intended to be a substitute for legal
counsel on any subject matter. No reader of this post should act or refrain from acting on the basis of any information included in, or accessible
through, this post without seeking the appropriate legal or other professional advice on the particular facts and circumstances at issue from a lawyer
licensed in the recipient’s state, country or other appropriate licensing jurisdiction.
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Syn the Sizer
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Thanks everyone for the replies. I should have clarified that I do have some stuff, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, HCl, NaOH, CaCl2, NaHSO4,
acetone, boric acid, MgSO4 and a few others I can't think of. I have plans on getting H2SO4, glacial acetic acid and some other stuff I can't find OTC
right now. I can't find H2SO4 drain cleaner, 10% ammonia cleaner and others items anywhere here,
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clearly_not_atara
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You may wish to get some ammonia or ammonium salts so you can try the reaction with aspirin:
https://www.jpharmsci.org/article/S0898-140X(15)36934-2/pdf
I'm actually not sure if acetamide is produced, but my guess would be yes.
[Edited on 04-20-1969 by clearly_not_atara]
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Syn the Sizer
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| Quote: Originally posted by clearly_not_atara | You may wish to get some ammonia or ammonium salts so you can try the reaction with aspirin:
https://www.jpharmsci.org/article/S0898-140X(15)36934-2/pdf
I'm actually not sure if acetamide is produced, but my guess would be yes. |
That looks interesting
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Syn the Sizer
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I have a somewhat related question, does ASA have a use outside of being aspirin and being a good source of salicylic acid? I guess my question is
should I hold onto some ASA or just hydrolyze it all to salicylic acid. I just bought 500 325mg tablets and plan on doing and extraction tonight, I
would hate to hydrolyze it all and find out I I need ASA, I don't have acetic anhydride to re-synthesize ASA.
Edit: I am considering following Nilered's 6 video series and Aspirin to Acetaminophen as my first real project.
[Edited on 29-2-2020 by Syn the Sizer]
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Texium
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The only use I can think of is making “copper aspirinate,” a compound which is almost insoluble in water and is a striking turquoise color. Search
for it on here and you’ll find a thread with all the details needed to prepare it.
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Syn the Sizer
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| Quote: Originally posted by Texium (zts16) | | The only use I can think of is making “copper aspirinate,” a compound which is almost insoluble in water and is a striking turquoise color. Search
for it on here and you’ll find a thread with all the details needed to prepare it. |
Thanks, the only other thing I was thinking was R'(O)acetyl salicylate (R aspirinate), but since its already an ester I have no idea how that works. I
will just hydrolyze it all.
I will save a little for my organic crystal collection, and if I decide to make copper aspirinate I will call my dad and grab a few tablets off him to
extract lol.
Thanks
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Dr.Bob
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Doing some practical or useful experiments was fun for me when I started. I still like it.
Making biodiesel is a neat example of real chemistry. Another one is luminol or oxalate diesters for chemoluminescence displays. making aspirin,
lidocaine, or other common pharmas. Making polymers is also a great way to learn organic, there are simple preps and demos for nylon, polyesters,
and polyurethane (most simple foams like Great Stuff are polyurethanes).
If you prefer more exciting things, learn how to make fireworks or rockets, there are clubs for both (pgi.org for example.) There is a huge amount
of chemistry in the world.
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Chemi Pharma
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Don't be so modest. If you want to get big reactions and a great laboratory to do your experiments get a list of reagents like the one I have. Then
you're able to do wherever you want in chemistry:
ABSOLUTE ETHYL ALCOHOL 99.8%
ACETALDEHYDE
ACETAMIDE
ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
ACETONE
ACETONITRILE
ACETOPHENONE
ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID
ACRYLIC ACID
ACTIVE CHARCOAL (POWDER)
ALANINE
ALLYL BENZENE
ALLYL CHLORIDE
ALLYL HEPTANOATE
ALUMINUM AND POTASSIUM SULFATE (12 H2O)
ALUMINUM CHLORIDE (6 H2O)
ALUMINUM IN BEADS
ALUMINUM ISOPROPOXIDE
ALUMINUM OXIDE
ALUMINUM POWDER
AMINOBENZOIC ACID (PARA)
AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (GABA)
AMMONIUM ACETATE
AMMONIUM BROMIDE
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
AMMONIUM FLUORIDE
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE 30%
AMMONIUM MOLIBDATE
ANHYDROUS ALUMINUM CHLORIDE
ANILINE CHLORIDE (PARA)
ANTIMONY OXIDE III
ANYSALDEHYDE
ASCORBIC ACID
BENZALDEHYDE (BENZOIC ALDEHYDE)
BENZENE
BENZOIC ACID
BENZOPHENONE
BENZOYL CHLORIDE
BENZYL NITRILE
BENZYLIC ALCOHOL
BORIC ACID
BROMIDIC ACID
BROMOTIMOL BLUE
BUTANODIOL-1,4
BUTESIN
BUTYL ALCOHOL
CALCIUM ACETATE
CALCIUM CARBONATE
CALCIUM CHLORIDE
CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
CALCIUM HYPOCLORITE 65%
CALCIUM OXIDE
CALCIUM PIRUVATE
CATHECOL
CHLOROACETAMIDE
CHLOROACETIC ACID
CHLOROBENZENE
CHLOROFORM
CHROMIC ANHYDRIDE
CINNAMYL ALCOHOL
CITRIC ACID
COBALT CHLORIDE II (6 H2O)
COPPER ACETATE II PA (1 H2O)
COPPER CHLORIDE I
COPPER CHLORIDE II
COPPER CYANIDE
COPPER POWDER
COPPER SULFATE (ICO) (5 H2O)
CYANURIC CHLORIDE
CYCLOHEXYLAMINE 99%
CYNAMIC ALDEHYDE (CINAMMALDEHYDE)
DIBASIC SODIUM PHOSPHATE (12 H2O)
DICLORO-2,3 DICIANO-5,6 BENZOQUINONE - DDQ
DIETHYL SULFATE
DIMETHOXYBENZALDEHYDE 2.5
DIMETHYL CARBONATE
DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE - DMF
DIMETHYLSULPHOXIDE 99% - DMSO
DODECANE-N
ETHYL ACETATE
ETHYL ACETOACETATE
ETHYL BROMIDE
ETHYL DIETHYL MALONATE
ETHYL ETHER 99.5%
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
EUGENOL
FLUOBORIC ACID 50%
FORMIC ACID
FORMIC ALDEHYDE (FORMALDEHYDE)
FORMYL PIPERIDINE-1
FURFURAL
GLACIAL ACETIC ACID
GLYCERIN 99.5%
GLYCINE
GLYCINE ETHYL ESTER (CHLORIDRATE)
GLYOXYLIC ACID
GRANULATED TIN (20 MESH)
GUAIACOL
HELIONAL
HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE - HEXAMINE - HMTA
HEXANE
HYDRAZINE SULFATE
HYDROCHLORIC ACID (30%) (37%)
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 50% - 200 VOL
HYDROQUINONE
HYDROXYLAMINE CHLORIDRATE
HYDROXYLAMINE SULFATE
HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID 50%
IMIDAZOL
INDOL 99%
IODINE
IRON CHLORIDE III (ICO) (6 H2O)
IRON CHLORIDE III (ICO) PA ANHYDROUS
IRON SULFATE II (OSO) 7 H2O
ISOAMILIC ALCOHOL
ISOPROPENYL ACETATE
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
LACTIC ACID
LACTOSE
LITHIUM CHLORIDE
LUGOL 5%
MAGNESIUM
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE
MAGNESIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS
MANDELIC ACID
MANGANESE NITRATE (50%)
MANGANESE SULFATE
MERCURY 99.99%
MERCURY CHLORIDE II
METHYL ALCOHOL 99.8%
METHYL ANTRANILATE
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
Methyl iodide
METHYL PYRIDINE-2
METHYL SALICYLATE
Methylamine 40% aqueous
METHYLENE CHLORIDE
MINERAL OIL (LIQUID VASELINE)
MONOBASIC SODIUM PHOSPHATE (1 H2O)
MONOHYDRATED SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
MORPHOLINE
N-BROMOSUCCINIMIDE
NICKEL CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE
NICKEL POWDER
NICOTINIC ACID
NIQUEL ACETATE II P.A (4 H2O)
NITROBENZENE
NITRO-BENZOIC ACID (PARA)
NITROETHANE
NITROMETHANE
NITROSTYRENE
N-METHYL 2 PYRROLIDONE
ORANGE METHYL
OXALIC ACID (2 H2O)
OXONE (POTASSIUM PEROXYMONOSULPHATE)
PARAFORMALDEHYDE
PENTANONE-2
PETROLEUM ETER (30 - 60 ºC)
PHENOL
PHENOLFTALEINA
PHENYL ETHYL ALCOHOL
PHENYL ETHYL PHENYL ACETATE
PHENYLACETIC ALDEHYDE (PHENYLACETALDEHYDE)
PHENYLALANINE (D)
PHENYLALANINE (DL)
PHENYLALANINOL (L)
PHOSPHORIC ACID 85%
Phosphorus Oxide - Phosphorus Pentoxide
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
POTASSIUM BISSULFATE (HYDROGEN SULFATE)
POTASSIUM BROMATE
POTASSIUM BROMIDE
POTASSIUM CARBONATE
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
POTASSIUM FERROCYANIDE (3 H2O)
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
POTASSIUM IODATE
POTASSIUM IODIDE
POTASSIUM MONOBASIC Anhydrous Phosphate
POTASSIUM NITRATE
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE
POTASSIUM TERT-BUTOXIDE
POTASSIUM THIOCYANATE
PROLINE (L)
PROPANOLOL CHLORIDRATE
PROPILENOGLICOL
PROPIONIC ACID
PROPYL ALCOHOL
PROPYL PHENYL ALCOHOL
PYPERONYL ALCOHOL
PYRIDINE
RED PHOSPHOROUS
REDUCED IRON 99%
SALICYLIC ACID
SILVER NITRATE
SODAMIDE
SODIUM
SODIUM ACETATE (3 H2O)
SODIUM AND BORON HYDRIDE
SODIUM BENZOATE
SODIUM BICARBONATE
SODIUM BISSULFITE
SODIUM CARBONATE
SODIUM CHLORATE
SODIUM CHLORIDE
SODIUM DICHROMATE
SODIUM DITIONITE
SODIUM ETHOXIDE
SODIUM HYDRIDE
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SODIUM HYPOCLORITE 4-6%
SODIUM METHOXIDE
SODIUM METHOXIDE (METHANOL 30%)
SODIUM NITRATE
SODIUM NITRITE
SODIUM PERBORATE
SODIUM PERIODATE
sodium sulfate
SODIUM THOSULFATE (5 H2O)
SOLID VASELINE
STEARIC ACID
SUCCINIC ACID
SULFUR
SULFURIC ACID (96%)
SULPHAMIC ACID
SULPHANYLAMIDE
SULPHONIC TOLUENIC ACID (FOR)
SULPHUR Phosphide (PHOSPHOROUS PENTASULFIDE)
TARTARIC ACID- L (+)
TCCA (TRICLOROCIANURIC ACID)
TERT-BUTYL ALCOHOL (TERC-BUTYL)
TERT-BUTYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE - TBAB
TETRAHYDROFURAN - THF
THIOUREA
TIN CHLORIDE II
TIOGLYCOLIC ACID 97%
TOLUENE
TOSYL CHLORIDE
TOSYL HYDRAZIDE
TRIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
TRIBASIC SODIUM PHOSPHATE (12 H2O)
TRICLOROETHYLENE
TRIETHYLAMINE - TEA
TRIFLUORACETIC ACID 99.8%
TRIHYDRATED LEAD ACETATE II
TRIPHYLPHOSPHINE
TROPINONE
UNDECILIC ALDEHYDE
UREA
VANILLIN
XYLENE
ZINC CHLORIDE
ZINC CYANIDE
ZINC OXIDE 99%
ZINC POWDER
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Syn the Sizer
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Well, that list is what I expect to have in the future lol, but with my current budget I gotta go slow lol.
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DrIronic101
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As said above, conc. H2SO4 is an absolute MUST. From there you can make a wide variety of different acids and other reagents. Conc. HCl too.
For solvents, get a couple non-polar solvents (toluene/xylene, hexane, maybe diethyl ether). Benzene can be made from sodium benzoate. Some polar,
organic solvents help too (ethanol, DMSO, glacial acetic acid).
Stock up on some reducing/oxidizing agents while you're at it. Zinc, nickel, NaBH4, KMnO4.
"Technically, chemistry is the study of matter, but I prefer to see it as the study of change. Electrons—they change their energy levels. Molecules
change their bonds. Elements—they combine and change into compounds. Well, that’s all of life, right? It’s the constant. It’s the cycle.
It’s solution, dissolution, just over and over and over. It is growth, then decay, then transformation." -Walter White on what chemistry is.
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Syn the Sizer
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Awesome, thanks.
I have been looking for H2SO4 drain cleaner but I can't find it anywhere in my city so I am going to have to order it. Sadly I am a student on a
student loan who has been having a hell of a time finding part time work. So with the minimum orders and outrageous shipping costs ordering reagents I
am SOL for chemistry for the time being.
Edit: I really should have considered that before posting this question lol.
[Edited on 5-3-2020 by Syn the Sizer]
[Edited on 5-3-2020 by Syn the Sizer]
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Tsjerk
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Can you get battery acid H2SO4? You can easily boil it down to over 90%
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Syn the Sizer
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I always forget about that route, I am going to inquire at a couple places here.
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B.D.E
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I personally struggled to locate most "OTC" chemicals. So what I did was to search for chemicals suppliers in my country, and sent emails to some of
them. In those emails I've states that I'm a chemistry student with some lab experience, and that I want to purchase some reagents for my own personal
research. I sent the mail from my academic email address and It worked. I now have access to cheap lab&technical grade reagents. I advice you to
try doing it yourself. You have nothing to lose and everything to gain.
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Syn the Sizer
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| Quote: Originally posted by B.D.E | | I personally struggled to locate most "OTC" chemicals. So what I did was to search for chemicals suppliers in my country, and sent emails to some of
them. In those emails I've states that I'm a chemistry student with some lab experience, and that I want to purchase some reagents for my own personal
research. I sent the mail from my academic email address and It worked. I now have access to cheap lab&technical grade reagents. I advice you to
try doing it yourself. You have nothing to lose and everything to gain. |
Great idea, I will research some companies and send some emails from my school email.
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XeonTheMGPony
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Well I have a handy trick for you for basic experiment that gives you 2 useful reagents.
This is how I build up supplies while having a bit of fun.
Plan for reactions that will give two useful reagents
If you take the effort to find Ammonium Nitrate (Some cold packs), to make azeotropic Nitric acid, you get both nitric acid and ammonium sulfate
and the Hydrolysis of Ethyl Acetate (Acetone free nail polish remover), you get Ethanol of high proof and Sodium Acetate
and the post work up is good for lab experience.
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Syn the Sizer
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Great suggestions I do have cold packs, I recently made some AlCl3 for something to do lol, as well as extracted ASA from commercial tablets. In
Saskatchewan I am having issues finding OTC sources for stuff, Canadian Tire has some stuff like solvents, I am going to have to check a garden store
wen the weather starts getting nicer.
Edit: I should mention the weather has been really nice here so I was able to do some stuff outside, I didn't do those in my kitchen.
[Edited on 10-3-2020 by Syn the Sizer]
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Texium
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It isn't really a "starter" list, but I did post what I consider to be a list of essential organic reagents to strive for if you're like me and prefer
having things on hand rather than having to repeatedly make things or buy a new reagent every time you decide to try a new reaction. It's color coded,
and a good place to start would be acquiring and/or synthesizing the "green" and "blue" chemicals on the list.
If you have comments specifically about my list, please post them in my thread to avoid crisscrossing the discussions: https://www.sciencemadness.org/whisper/viewthread.php?tid=80...
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Syn the Sizer
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| Quote: Originally posted by Texium (zts16) | It isn't really a "starter" list, but I did post what I consider to be a list of essential organic reagents to strive for if you're like me and prefer
having things on hand rather than having to repeatedly make things or buy a new reagent every time you decide to try a new reaction. It's color coded,
and a good place to start would be acquiring and/or synthesizing the "green" and "blue" chemicals on the list.
If you have comments specifically about my list, please post them in my thread to avoid crisscrossing the discussions: https://www.sciencemadness.org/whisper/viewthread.php?tid=80... |
Awesome, thanks. I did a forum search before posting but I must have missed your entry.
I have been researching and watching videos and am still trying to consider what to synthesize. From there I will order what I need and start my own
list, I will aim for it to be like yours or Chemi Pharma's list. I am the sort who would rather have what I need on hand, I found with my electronics
hobby I would decided what I wanted to build then order my parts and wait, by the time I got them I forgot what I ordered them for lol.
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