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BauArf56
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A few exotic compositions
during my attempts of making exotic composition, i noticed that some are very interesting:
Magnesium and sulfur
This one is very powerful, burns very quickly and gives off a yellowish flash and a lot of smoke. I'm not sure if explodes on confinement.
Ferrocerium and sulfur
Powdered ferrocerium can be obtained by scratching carefully a ferrocerium rod. This mix is very easy to ignite and throws sparks literally
everywhere.
Potassium bitartrate and magnesium
if an excess of mg is added to potassium bitartrate, blinding purple flames and lots of smoke are produced. This is one of the most beautiful
mixtures.
magnesium and sodium bicarbonate
gives yellow flames that are much more blinding than magnesium alone. Very bright.
are there any other interesting mixture like these?
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woelen
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Magnesium with nearly anything, which can be reduced further. Some examples:
Mg + red P --> very violent reaction, formation of magnesum phosphide, which in contact with air will burn up.
Mg + Si --> Gives a violent reaction, producing Mg2Si, which, when added to dilute acid, gives self-igniting SiH4. Safer alternative is Mg + very
finely powdered SiO2.
Mg + AgNO3 --> When a small drop of water is added, the mix deflagrates with a bright white flash and small silver droplets are sprayed around.
When preparing this mix, be absolutely sure to use perfectly dry reagents and only make small amounts (100 mg at most). Ignite with a small drop of
water on a long stick to avoid getting molten silver droplets on your body.
I do not consider these compositions very exotic. In pyrotechnics they are not used, because of their risky nature (can self-ignite).
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BauArf56
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whoa, interesting mixes! anyway i consider them exotic because i can't find any information on the internet about them. But can you explain why the
mg/bitartrate gives such flames? I'm still wondering about that.
[Edited on 18-4-2021 by BauArf56]
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woelen
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Bitartrate contains a lot of oxygen and with red hot finely powdered magnesium metal nearly everything, which contains oxygen can act as an oxidizer.
With magnesium such reactions usually are really violent and produce a lot of heat.
Another very nice mix is Mg + finely crushed I2. Mix the chemicals in a perfectly dry state and then add a drop of water. You will see a beautiful
purple cloud of iodine vapor when the mix sets off.
https://woelen.homescience.net/science/chem/exps/mg+iodine/i...
https://woelen.homescience.net/science/chem/exps/AgNO3+Mg/in...
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Morgan
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Magnesium and MgSO4 burns pretty good for something different.
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Pyro_cat
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Thermite was fun. www.amazingrust.com/Experiments/how_to/Thermite.html
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BauArf56
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thank you all! I want to do mg and i2, but first i have to dry completely my iodine, because i extracted it from the tincture and it's still wet. I
didn't know about magnesium sulfate, pretty interesting. Already did a few thermite compositions (Mg/MnO2 and Al/Fe2O3)
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BauArf56
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new composition: magnesium / alum. Alum has to be dried before, otherwise it will ignite very hardly. Since sulfates are oxidisers at high temps the
reaction is very violent, similar to the aluminum / potassium perchlorate flash powder. The residue smells strongly like hydrogen sulfide, so surely
sulfides of Al, K and Mg are formed. I believe the reaction is analog to the potassium perchlorate flash powder, in which sulfate gives all its
oxygens to magnesium, leaving only sulfur behind, as a sulfide.
I want to try some compositions with teflon too, but i can find only teflon strips, so is there a way to pulverize it?
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MineMan
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Pulverizing plastics is hard. You can buy it in powder easily
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Herr Haber
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If you have dry ice you can pulverize it 
Be careful though, Mg & Teflon is surprising even when you're expecting a surprise.
Mg & sulfates are used in strobe compositions. In my opinion it is nowhere as violent as flash powder.
The spirit of adventure was upon me. Having nitric acid and copper, I had only to learn what the words 'act upon' meant. - Ira Remsen
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sodium_stearate
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burned out
A few months ago a friend of mine burned his face very badly (lost his sight for several days, his eyes later recovered) using a mixture of sulphur
and zinc dust.
He had moles in his back yard and decided to put this mixture down
one of their holes. He was using a very short firecracker fuse to
light it. It would not light so he kneeled down and tried to light it
with a lighter. It then lit up and being confined in the mole hole, it
wooshed out at him right in his face.
I tend to think that at least a few beers had been consumed ahead of time...
"Opportunity is missed by most people
because it is dressed in overalls and it
looks like work" T.A. Edison
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Nitrosio
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Attachment: Berger4.pdf (424kB)
This file has been downloaded 289 times
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Morgan
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Iodine and ammonium nitrate mixed intimately and then quickly stir in powdered zinc for a beautiful cloud of smoke. If your nitrate is damp quick
means quick and don't put your face over the pile. If the ammonium nitrate is very dry, you can light the pile with a flame or few drops of water. The
nitrate really adds to the rapidity and mass of violet smoke produced. And to me it's one of the most vivid colors as it billows into the air. It's
easy to imagine a genie appearing out of the mist with just a few ounces of iodine.
One time I mixed some in a mortar and pestle and before I could think it when off so fast all at once, hissing and over in 2 seconds.
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BauArf56
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Quote: Originally posted by sodium_stearate  | A few months ago a friend of mine burned his face very badly (lost his sight for several days, his eyes later recovered) using a mixture of sulphur
and zinc dust.
He had moles in his back yard and decided to put this mixture down
one of their holes. He was using a very short firecracker fuse to
light it. It would not light so he kneeled down and tried to light it
with a lighter. It then lit up and being confined in the mole hole, it
wooshed out at him right in his face.
I tend to think that at least a few beers had been consumed ahead of time... |
well, i think that igniting a such great amount of an confined explosive powder with a lighter is just a lack of sense.
@Morgan: about the iodine cloud, it would be very fun, but obtaining ammonium nitrate in Europe after Beirut is nearly impossible.
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BauArf56
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lithium and sulfur: i ignited it at a certain distance! i used a little piece of lithium sheet extracted from battery, then i poured some sulfur over
it and gently heated. It doesn't ignite readily, but first lithium and sulfur melt, and the reaction starts. Gives a blinding red light and throws a
lot of sparks. Then it left behind a molten little ball of lithium sulfide, which on cooling became black. I used a very tiny amount, because i
expected how violent would it be.
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Linus1208
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| Quote: Originally posted by BauArf56 |
Magnesium and sulfur
This one is very powerful, burns very quickly and gives off a yellowish flash and a lot of smoke. I'm not sure if explodes on confinement.
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Magnesium and sulfur in a 1:1 ratio is often used as a flashpowder among german amateur pyros, because both of them are easy to get here (even
nitrates are heavily restricted in germany) and a few grams of it give quite a good band (doesnt even need much confinement).
If you mix it in a 6:4 ratio it reacts more violent and bright when unconfined, although even the 1:1 ratio has quite an excess of magnesium. Many
people think it's also stronger if confined because of that but it's actually just a waste of magnesium.
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MineMan
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There are endless compositions. And it’s funny to try new ones. Very surprising results. Some mixtures of metal powders burn so fast, it seems as if
there is an oxidizer when their are none. South Korea was developing activated AlNi warhead casings. It would release energy forming an intermatallic
compound and then further oxidizes in the air and on impact. I think it was greater then the about 70kj Al forms.
PTFE comps are the scariest out of all of these, the toxic by products and the vigours burning. But, it’s fun to make carbon nanotubes
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Morgan
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@Morgan: about the iodine cloud, it would be very fun, but obtaining ammonium nitrate in Europe after Beirut is nearly impossible. [/rquote]
Probably potassium nitrate would work instead of NH4NO3, Zn, and Iodine and just sugar and KNO3 mixing in some iodine a certain hue of iodine vapor
would surely be seen.
If you just react iodine and zinc you don't get the intense burning and excessive smoke.
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BauArf56
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| Quote: Originally posted by MineMan | There are endless compositions. And it’s funny to try new ones. Very surprising results. Some mixtures of metal powders burn so fast, it seems as if
there is an oxidizer when their are none. South Korea was developing activated AlNi warhead casings. It would release energy forming an intermatallic
compound and then further oxidizes in the air and on impact. I think it was greater then the about 70kj Al forms.
PTFE comps are the scariest out of all of these, the toxic by products and the vigours burning. But, it’s fun to make carbon nanotubes |
very interesting! It could act as a "impact thermite".
Is ptfe really so powerful?! I think that there are much more powerful comps than this, such as potassium persulfate and magnesium. It shouldn't give
off too much toxic residues: just magnesium fluoride and carbon dioxide, right? Maybe some fluorinated hydrocarbons? and why carbon nanotubes?
@Morgan: potassium nitrate is easier to find, so i'll probably try, when i'll get it. But if the potassium salt works for this kind of water ignited
composition, wouldn't this work for the zinc / ammonium nitrate / ammonium chloride water-ignited composition too? (this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7vXvLvowgI)
[Edited on 7-6-2021 by BauArf56]
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Nitrosio
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NaIO3 + S = Iodine (2:1)
KMnO4 + Zn + S (2:2:1)
KNO3 + K2CO3 + S (5:2:1)
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Morgan
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@Morgan: potassium nitrate is easier to find, so i'll probably try, when i'll get it. But if the potassium salt works for this kind of water ignited
composition, wouldn't this work for the zinc / ammonium nitrate / ammonium chloride water-ignited composition too? (this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7vXvLvowgI)
I'm not sure about a spontaneous combustion method water ignition with potassium nitrate substituted for ammonium nitrate in a zinc/iodine mix but it
would burn if lit to make a colored smoke. And probably no spontaneity with zinc, KNO3, and NH4Cl. But I wouldn't leave any mix sitting around to be
safe.
Zinc and iodine heats up without water if intimately mixed of course but it's slow. Whether hot enough to light a small pile with KNO3 I don't know.
I'd try sugar and KNO3 with iodine because it makes a lot of smoke and zinc as mentioned in the zinc clip just adds more noxiousness.
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MineMan
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| Quote: Originally posted by BauArf56 | | Quote: Originally posted by MineMan | There are endless compositions. And it’s funny to try new ones. Very surprising results. Some mixtures of metal powders burn so fast, it seems as if
there is an oxidizer when their are none. South Korea was developing activated AlNi warhead casings. It would release energy forming an intermatallic
compound and then further oxidizes in the air and on impact. I think it was greater then the about 70kj Al forms.
PTFE comps are the scariest out of all of these, the toxic by products and the vigours burning. But, it’s fun to make carbon nanotubes |
very interesting! It could act as a "impact thermite".
Is ptfe really so powerful?! I think that there are much more powerful comps than this, such as potassium persulfate and magnesium. It shouldn't give
off too much toxic residues: just magnesium fluoride and carbon dioxide, right? Maybe some fluorinated hydrocarbons? and why carbon nanotubes?
@Morgan: potassium nitrate is easier to find, so i'll probably try, when i'll get it. But if the potassium salt works for this kind of water ignited
composition, wouldn't this work for the zinc / ammonium nitrate / ammonium chloride water-ignited composition too? (this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7vXvLvowgI)
[Edited on 7-6-2021 by BauArf56] |
Yes, gives off carbon nanotubes as the combustion product. A big old cloud of them. You can tell when nanotubes forum, it is a different look than
soot, like soot, but almost a gas. Even a cigarette lighter can form nanotubes... put Al foil above it at the right height.
Metal fluorides can be very toxic and cause neurological issues such as aluminum fluorides.
Very powerful. I don’t think persulfates mixtures compare. PTFE is both high density and 76 percent F by weight. PTFE thermites can detonate at 6kms
when initiated by a booster. Also... I am reluctant to share this, so I won’t... but PTFE mixed can burn more vigorous and produce higher pressure.
They can also be extruded.
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BauArf56
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so the black stuff formed by holding aluminum foil over a lighter are carbon nanotubes! his is very interesting, i thought it was just soot...
Sure, fluorides are toxic, but i'd be more concerned with sodium fluoride than magnesium fluoride (i was planning to this with mg powder): MgF2
solubility in water is just 0.013 g/100 ml of water! It is even used for lenses. But Al fluoride is surely more toxic
Ok, i'm getting more interested in this, it's more powerful than i thought!
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BauArf56
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| Quote: Originally posted by Linus1208 | | Quote: Originally posted by BauArf56 |
Magnesium and sulfur
This one is very powerful, burns very quickly and gives off a yellowish flash and a lot of smoke. I'm not sure if explodes on confinement.
|
Magnesium and sulfur in a 1:1 ratio is often used as a flashpowder among german amateur pyros, because both of them are easy to get here (even
nitrates are heavily restricted in germany) and a few grams of it give quite a good band (doesnt even need much confinement).
If you mix it in a 6:4 ratio it reacts more violent and bright when unconfined, although even the 1:1 ratio has quite an excess of magnesium. Many
people think it's also stronger if confined because of that but it's actually just a waste of magnesium. |
that's the first flash powder i ever made, because both ingredients are easy to find. Magnesium is found as pencil sharpener, so i scratched it until
i got enough shaving. Sulfur was sold in a store which sells "natural products" and that kind of stuff. But i still can't make it explode
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MineMan
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| Quote: Originally posted by BauArf56 | so the black stuff formed by holding aluminum foil over a lighter are carbon nanotubes! his is very interesting, i thought it was just soot...
Sure, fluorides are toxic, but i'd be more concerned with sodium fluoride than magnesium fluoride (i was planning to this with mg powder): MgF2
solubility in water is just 0.013 g/100 ml of water! It is even used for lenses. But Al fluoride is surely more toxic
Ok, i'm getting more interested in this, it's more powerful than i thought!
|
I think it’s nanotubes. The carbon released from PTFE thermites most definitely is. FEP is melt mixable... but I wouldn’t recommend it. A friend
of mine melt mixed FEP and MgAl... the temp store control was shotty and it deflated... if confined it might have been a detonation. Small amounts of
PTFE can also increase the heat output of flash powders and thermites. It also reduces the friction sensitivity of such comps.
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