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VladimirLem
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Best way for getting high density ?
Hi Guys
Im a hugh fan of shaped charges and optimizing them.
But after some different tests, im not sure which way ist the best to get a high density und especially high velocity compound.
Possible:
Gelantine - maybe with Cellulose Hexanitrate and NG
Pro: All stuff of the compound is reactive (and much powerful too :-) ) but the density is not really high which gives not the "maximum" of
velocity...
Wax - Dunno if normal wax would work...the "montan wax" seems not to get easily AND is an unreactive stuff - pro: only around 5-7% are needed
PIB - Have it already but would need 3-8% and some oil or NM to make it kneadable - Pro: able to get high density without many problems, but the
velocity is fucked 
another question...is it possible to get a velocity of around 8000m/s when usind PETN(~87)/RDX(~5%) and then the plastic/wax/gelantin stuff?
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nitro-genes
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Some pointers:
1. After neutralization, don't crash the PETN/RDX in cold water, as you will get a very fine crystal fraction that needs more binder
2. Recrystallize slowly from warm solvent, I normally used a styrofoam box as insulation and stored it at -20 overnight to recrystallize.
3. Precipitate the last fraction instantly with cold water, which will give the fine crystal fraction
4. Dry and add 5-10% binder, roll plastic explosive for long period of time, this will remove all air and abbrases the crystals to obtain optimal
packaging (higher density)
You can get above 1.6 g/cc easily this way, even with inert binder, and will get you close to the 8000 m/s mark
PIB + suitable plastcizers is superior to wax in my experience, if you do want to use wax, use a microcrystalline one
[Edited on 4-10-2011 by nitro-genes]
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quicksilver
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Plastiques have a great deal of information regarding their performance levels available. P.I.B. was not the appropriate material; it was Polybutene
or Polybutylene w/ a Methylricinoleate. The fact that Czechoslovakian plastique was exported with up to 30% of inerts or "scrubbed" energetics was
simply a matter of old Soviet economics.
The "real thing" was certainly a match for Semtex & had the somewhat sophisticated element of both a plasticizer and a tackifier in it's makeup.
For all clarity, ricinoate esters are derived from ricinoleic acid, which makes up 90% of the fatty acids from castor oil or Rapeseed oil. There WAS a
period of use of silicone oil but it proved too expensive. The distinction was that some read a patent that described "motor oil" & thought in was
an organic petroleum. It was not. It was silicone oil.
The styrene-butadien rubber in the Soviet product is available as flooring adhesive and can be reduced to approx 5% level in a true industrial
setting with rollers, etc. A true plastique has density as a focus of it's manufacture. Once that is achieved, the energetic is not all that important
as long as it shoots at above 5000mps @ it's raw density level.
Candidates are obviously RDX, PETN, HMX, TATB, or HNS. Even TNT & salvaged nitroguanidine had been used in the Czech products. I imagine that
given the level of expertise of the chemist in re-crystallization, ETN, PEN, or MHN could even be used. US & EU products (C4 and C6) were mostly
RDX because it was cheap & constantly re-cycled from "de-mil" warheads, etc.
I've said this before but the big issue about C-4, apart from how they cram in 91% RDX without loosing coherency (bimodal crystal size), is the high
content of softener (tackifier) compared to rubber binder (1/50th part!). This can only take place via industrial roller or TIME. Once the proper
binder is used TIME will allow it to "coat" the crystal as it IS actually liquid (both SBR & poly-B +). Once that is understood & the
chemistry of [whatever energetic] re-crystallization is at a comfort level (using a microscope to I.D.) a plethora of plastques could be drawn up.
Also it depends on how much one wants to spend.....
It took me the better part of a month of really reading and studying to find all the patents and sources.
U.S. Adhesives Industry (1991 circular)
Shell Chemical aka Resolution Performance Products
Octyl phthalate energetic binder patent + C4 pat.
"Analysis of Semtex Explosives" J.R.Hobbs.
Chapter 39. p.409-428 in " Advances in Analysis and
Detection of Explosives" edited by Jehuda Yinon
Kluwer Academic Publishers ISBN 0-7923-2138-3 (1993)
Hurst's Gravimentric Analysis posts & his material on Semtex "A1" and "H"
I have more but can't find them.....these would get anyone up to speed on the subject of plastiques.
Use of Nitromethane is not appropriate. It evaporates VERY quickly and is actually hygroscopic. The real thing (see above) - behaves and lasts. It can
have a shelf life for decades!! But the chemist had damn well better know how to make a material neutral and professional.
[Edited on 5-10-2011 by quicksilver]
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VladimirLem
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Quote: Originally posted by nitro-genes  |
1. After neutralization, don't crash the PETN/RDX in cold water, as you will get a very fine crystal fraction that needs more binder
2. Recrystallize slowly from warm solvent, I normally used a styrofoam box as insulation and stored it at -20 overnight to recrystallize.
3. Precipitate the last fraction instantly with cold water, which will give the fine crystal fraction
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great idea 
how about substutuation of oil (when using PIB) with some liquid/kneadable energetic coumpounds like sorbitol hexanitrate ?
(not compleately SHN, just a few percent instead of the oil)
for example:
Main Explosives 90%
PIB 5%
Oil 3%
SHN 2%?
cause SHN also have an positive oxygen balance - if i dont calculated it wrong 
- which sould increase the coumpound...
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Phantom
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Have you ever tried NG/PETN ? Density >1.6 g/cm*3 and it's VoD=~8000m/s
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VladimirLem
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i have read some post from a guy used it at a chaped charge and got an awesome result...BUT...the use of NG was many many too much and really
dangerous i think...about 1/3 PETN, 2/3 NG...
Positive is, that NG got an positive OB and increase the power of the PETN...AND, PETN disolves in NG...but whatevere i would try, i wouldnt go for
more than...lets say 10% NG...
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Phantom
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And what about ANNMSA ? It's pretty effective.
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VladimirLem
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ur kidding me right?
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Phantom
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Nope
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VladimirLem
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Dude, seriously...we are talking about high performace explosives and your saying some mixed bullshit which may be able to get up to the power of
~TNT...
There are no informations of its density, VoD, OB and TNT-Äquiv.
What the hell...
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Phantom
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Well this is not a bullshit. Even Axtran used it in his shaped charges that you can read in the firs topic and it worked very well.
It is basically a mixture of ammonium sulphate, nitromethane and conc. HNO3
VoD is around 8100m/s
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hissingnoise
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| Quote: |
Patience Vladimir. . . The explosives you've mentioned aren't really suitable for use in shaped charges because their power and VoDs are on the low
side. |
| Quote: | Bullshit...ANNM has up to 500 at lead block...THATS Power !
So why doesn't NU or even UNNM could do that job ? |
| Quote: | | Dude, seriously...we are talking about high performace explosives and your saying some mixed bullshit which may be able to get up to the power of
~TNT... |
So, Vlad the Bullshitter, consistent inconsistence!
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hissingnoise
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| Quote: | It is basically a mixture of ammonium sulphate, nitromethane and conc. HNO3
VoD is around 8100m/s |
While an oxygen-balanced binary mixture of NM/HNO<sub>3</sub> will have a VoD which can exceed 8000m/sec, it will also be very
shock-sensitive!
In ANNMSA, the presence of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> will greatly reduce brisance!
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PHILOU Zrealone
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| Quote: Originally posted by hissingnoise | | Quote: | It is basically a mixture of ammonium sulphate, nitromethane and conc. HNO3
VoD is around 8100m/s |
While an oxygen-balanced binary mixture of NM/HNO<sub>3</sub> will have a VoD which can exceed 8000m/sec, it will also be very
shock-sensitive!
In ANNMSA, the presence of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> will greatly reduce brisance!
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First assumption is correct but don't be so sure of the second one!
If you read Axt tread thereover...you may read some of my 50 cents comments on it...roughly summarized:
AN/NM/SA is a mix of NH4NO3, CH3-NO2 and H2SO4...thus in the mix, you get some crossed reaction products NH4HSO4, HNO3, CH2=O, CH2=N-OH, NHOH.HNO3,
etc and NOx, CO2 bubbles...all this participating at sensitization and high VOD!
[Edited on 10-10-2011 by PHILOU Zrealone]
PH Z (PHILOU Zrealone)
"Physic is all what never works; Chemistry is all what stinks and explodes!"-"Life that deadly disease, sexually transmitted."(W.Allen)
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hissingnoise
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| Quote: | | First assumption is correct but don't be so sure of the second one! |
Not quite assumptions, PHILOU --- the sulphur atom, contained in an HE, has an unfavourable effect on VoD!
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simply RED
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The sulphuric acid in this mixture contributes with nothing to the energetic output of it. It is just ballast. And adding acid to any explosive
decreases stability great. This is the reason I don't recommend such mixtures.
The idea of PETN plus NG is good indeed. Maybe a better (less sensitive) option is PETN plus 10-20% PGDN, just to fill the air space between PETN
crystals.
[Edited on 11-10-2011 by simply RED]
When logic and proportion have fallen sloppy dead...
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Maniak
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1.) using liquid mixture of sorbitol nitrates as a part of plasticizer is a bad idea because of stability. The stability of sugar nitrates decreases
with increasing chain length, i.e. liquid SHN mixtures will be much less stable than EGDN, PGDN and even NG. In a solid state, there is a stabilizing
effect of crystalline matrix so that crystalline SHN or MHN may stay alive for longer time.
2.) NM + HNO3 stechiometric mixture will have a density about 1,25g.cm-3 and at this density, there is no chance to have over 8000m/s. I think some
7500m/s may be a possible maximum.
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hissingnoise
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In liquid explosives, VoD is affected by density, OB and viscosity!
Viscosity in NM/HNO<sub>3</sub> is lower than in EGDN and much lower than NGl.
Lower viscosities increase VoD.
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Phantom
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Well if you mix the ANNM with the H2SO4 at "ground zero" you don't need to worry about the sensitivity of the explosive mixture.
Nitroglycerine/PETN has a really good density for shaped charges. Density >1.6 g/cm*3 and it's VoD=~8000m/s
I had seen some really good videos from NUKEpyro's shaped charges and they worked very well for example the 90mm 1500g NG/PETN shaped charge.
Had seen a couple videos on the internet with only EGDN based shaped charges. They didn't work because in my opinion and knowledge the problem was
with the VoD.
Liquid --> steel pipe --> 8# commercial cap --> 7830m/s
Liquid --> steel pipe --> 80g picric acid --> 8200-8300m/s
Liquid --> plastic cup --> 8# commercial cap --> ONLY 1000-3000m/s
Solid(-70*C) --> plastic cup --> 8# commercial cap --> above 8000m/s
Warning: Never use a steel pipe for casing! Sharpnels can kill you !
[Edited on 11-10-2011 by Phantom]
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hissingnoise
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Data such as those above are of little use without the pipe-dimensions!
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quicksilver
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I didn't think I needed to point this out but -=source=- of documented material needs to accompany statements of
activity, structure, synthesis, & history. Many of the posts have no documentation what so ever and that is not the way we do things here. You
have all read the rules of the Forum & it's vital that every effort be made that the material here have documentation so that it could be depended
upon to be factual.
Often times the functional level of a thread goes up but in this case it's taken a turn for the worse. If you want to keep this thread alive then
please put some professionalism into it. As I saw this thread flounder I was willing to let it stay self-policed as many of you have no problem
raising the level of professionalism with no comment from me. However once I started getting complaints about the sophomoric level of some of this
material, I realized it would have to be closed unless the quality of posting changes.
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simply RED
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Very good experimental information on the point including data on bicyclo HMX nitramine.
http://www.ipo.waw.pl/wydawnictwa/cejem/3-2010/PDF/Elbeih.pd...
When logic and proportion have fallen sloppy dead...
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Maniak
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Viscosity has much lower influence on VoD than density. Even mixtures of NM with TeNM have VoD below 7000m/s (Fedoroff VII, L-29). At such a low
density (1,25g.cm-3) there is not even one explosive mixture detonating at 8000m/s (I mean measured and published, not theoretical values or wishes).
According to my experiments with pure NM/fuming HNO3 mixture, it possesses less brisance than some usual PETN inert bonded plastics.
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hissingnoise
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| Quote: | | According to my experiments with pure NM/fuming HNO3 mixture, it possesses less brisance than some usual PETN inert bonded plastics.
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Do you know the density of the HNO<sub>3</sub> you used and how did you determine the brisance of the mixture?
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Phantom
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By the way C-4 works great which is plastic RDX. I`m pretty sure you all had seen this video-> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LudNqf56AFo
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