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chemoleo
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Table of VoD's of most Common Explosives
As this subject came up elsewhere, I thought it might be useful to post this. It covers most known & used explosives.
If someone'd like to add some, U2U me and I will edit this list at some point, with a new attachment. Please provide reference.
No, and at this point 'DPPP' won't be included 
PS Bromic, didn't you have a list too?
Attachment: VoD's of common explosives.txt (63kB)
This file has been downloaded 5984 times
Never Stop to Begin, and Never Begin to Stop...
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Quince
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Thanks guys!
These would be best in a spreadsheet, as they could be sorted according to different properties. I think there was a way to import text file data
into a spreadsheet, but I don't remember the details.
I converted Joeychemist's Word document to a PDF (1/4 the size).
Edit: Looks like Joeychemist deleted his post. Board administrators, one should not be able to delete a post after it has been replied to, for it can
lead to confusion.
Edit by chemoleo: This has been discussed before. Stop telling the board what to do and what to change. It's already been subject to plenty of
debate.
[Edited on 18-2-2005 by chemoleo]
Attachment: Properties of Explosives.pdf (112kB)
This file has been downloaded 3386 times
\"One of the surest signs of Conrad\'s genius is that women dislike his books.\" --George Orwell
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Quince
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My PDF is leaner. Did you use Acrobat for conversion? I used the built-in converter of OpenOffice.
Edit: ohkaaay... you deleted another post I replied to... this is kind of funny, I suppose
[Edited on 18-2-2005 by Quince]
\"One of the surest signs of Conrad\'s genius is that women dislike his books.\" --George Orwell
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Joeychemist
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I just got done converting it to a PDF myself but I guess Quince is a little faster than I. Thanks Quince. I deleted the previous posts which
contained the large files as it was a waste of band width.
Yeah, that is kinda funny.Yours was smaller,that is why I deleted the two files I made.
[Edited on 18-2-2005 by Joeychemist]
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Quince
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Joeychemist, in your file OB is oxygen balance, yes?
chemoleo, in your file many lead block entries are missing, but that's understandable.
Ethyl perchlorate numbers are available according to that thread.
Nitroglycol does better than nitroglycerin on the block test (ref: chemoleo's file), but the latter has higher VoD. There is a similar inversion
for AP/HMTD. What gives?
CL-20 (ref: Joeychemist's file) has the highest VoD listed. How much trust can we put in this number? Any numbers for octanitrocubane?
Eaton's paper says the latter may exceed the former, but even though he synthesized it, he apparently didn't test it  How accurate do theoretical estimates tend to be when actually tested?
[Edited on 18-2-2005 by Quince]
\"One of the surest signs of Conrad\'s genius is that women dislike his books.\" --George Orwell
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chemoleo
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Indeed, many values are missing, and if you thought about it you'd realise that's because the original references never quoted those values.
This includes any dubious values of ethylperchlorate you may have (or not).
Further, I lay no claim to the table whatsoever, it's been generated by D. Haarmann, who in some circles is well-known (again this I deliberately
mentioned at the bottom of the table).
Nonetheless, I actually checked some of the references given in the first attachment, and they were fine.
[Edited on 6-11-2008 by chemoleo]
Never Stop to Begin, and Never Begin to Stop...
Tolerance is good. But not with the intolerant! (Wilhelm Busch)
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Formatik
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Here is an updated list of Donald Haarmann's list, updated throughout the years by me. The file is now almost 3 times the original size. I collected
the Urbanski data from Czech volumes. A few references are lacking, but oh well. And no, I also didn't include the Mackowiak patent.
[Edited on 10-10-2008 by Formatik]
Attachment: updated VOD list.doc (320kB)
This file has been downloaded 3425 times
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-=HeX=-
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I will update it myself soon with the figures for ETN. VoD approx 8000 m/s at 1.6 g/cc. 1.6 g/cc is the highest density obtained practically, however
using a massive hydraulic press I got it to 1.7 g/cc by compressing in a PVC pipe in an Iron sleeve w/ a perspex screen between me and it. At 1.7 g/cc
it was almost dead pressed and I had to use 5 grams TATP and some flake/ powder ETN to detonate.
Not the smartest thing I have done... I only did it to see could it be pressed that much. I notice that the VoD table does not gine density, thats a
big omission IMHO. However at face value the table is invaluable! Here is my .pdf on TATP: http://rapidshare.de/files/39639088/TCAP_v1_2.pdf.html that I originally posted on Roguesci. I am now working on a .pdf on ETN and Lead/ silver
azides also.
If you give a man a match he will be warm for a moment. Set him alight and he will be warm for the rest of his life.
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Formatik
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I've had some problems archiving the file, but I've edited the list again. Revised, removed a handful of suspect values, cleaned-up, corrected some
mistakes. Added more references and values. I've included journals, dissertations, and lectures. A reason few references are lacking since some of the
data I also got from (German) encyclopedias which I don't know the names of. This should be the final edit from me. I've put it here.
[Edited on 5-1-2009 by Formatik]
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quicksilver
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@ Formatik :
Donald Haarmann has had some wonderful material over the years. Thanks for posting that. Donald had been a source for really unique material on UseNet
many years back and at times I could not even imagine where he got some of the materials. Later I recognized a translation to English - which may have
been done by hand (rather than translator software) as it was very well put together.
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Formatik
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| Quote: | Originally posted by quicksilver
@ Formatik :
Donald Haarmann has had some wonderful material over the years. Thanks for posting that. Donald had been a source for really unique material on UseNet
many years back and at times I could not even imagine where he got some of the materials. Later I recognized a translation to English - which may have
been done by hand (rather than translator software) as it was very well put together. |
I always suspected he lived in an encyclopedia wonderland.
Also, that link above is hogwash. New link: http://ifile.it/29mpley
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hissingnoise
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The very high VoD of 9300 m/s for TNM mixtures with toluene (on both lists) is quite surprising.
At ratios to give zero O.B., these dangerously sensitive mixtures should be extremely powerful indeed.
The problem for me is, how can mixtures of two such low density liquids detonate with such high brisance?
HMX, with a negative O.B. is listed at 9100 m/s.
Does the very low viscosity of these liquids explain the effect?
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PHILOU Zrealone
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Hi hissingnoise,
Such Binary mixes displays very high VODs because the energy output is higher:
1°)the OB can be fitted to the best energy output by playing with the ratio what is not true for pure HE.
It is known that varying the OB ratio has a strong impact on VOD.
2°)the enthalpy of reaction adds partly to the energy process.
As you know when making most HE, the reaction is exothermic, reason why cooling is provided.
Exothermic means a loss of energy...
I think that if you see the following reactions, you will understand the idea
Hfg CH4 = -66.6 KJ/mol
Hfg H2O = -238.9 KJ/mol
Hfg CO2 = -393.1 KJ/mol
Hfg HNO3 = -124.2 KJ/mol
Hfg CH3-NO2 = - 60.8 KJ/mol
Hfg H2 = Hfg N2 = 0 KJ/mol
From this you can find enthalpies standard of the following reactions:
1) CH4 + HNO3 --> CH3-NO2 + H2O (-108.9 KJ)
2) CH3-NO2 + H2O --> CO2 + 1/2 N2 + 3/2 H2 + H2O (-332.3 KJ)
3) CH4 + HNO3 --> CO2 +1/2 N2 + 3/2 H2 + H2O (-441.2 KJ)
You can conclude that the making of nitromethane molecule (reaction 1) is a loss of energy and that detonating methane and HNO3 (reaction 3) would be
more favourable (on an energy output) than detonating nitromethane (reaction 2).
This might explain the incredible power of those mixes:
Nitric acid + fuel:
HNO3 + benzene vs TNB
HNO3 + acetonitrile
...
Panclastites:
N2O4 + benzene
...
TNM + fuel:
C(NO2)4 + benzene
...
[Edited on 10-2-2009 by PHILOU Zrealone]
PH Z (PHILOU Zrealone)
"Physic is all what never works; Chemistry is all what stinks and explodes!"-"Life that deadly disease, sexually transmitted."(W.Allen)
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gnitseretni
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PHILOU: you mentioned nitric acid + fuel are powerful mixtures. Would I be out of line to ask if you could give some examples of such mixtures using
fuels that are easy to come by, like Kerosene for example. Yeah, would 70% HNO3 + Kerosene work or does the HNO3 have to be near 100%? Hey wait a
minute.. isn't HNO3 + Kerosene a rocket fuel? (just googled it and it is indeed) Ok, so such a mixture definately oughta be detonable, right? But
probably not with 70% HNO3??
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WaveFront
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| Quote: | Originally posted by hissingnoise
The problem for me is, how can mixtures of two such low density liquids detonate with such high brisance?
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In fact, the speed of sound in liquids correlates inversely with density 
c=sqrt(K/d)
c=speed
K=Factor of "incompressibility"
d=density
I wonder if certain mixes of liquids are less compressible than any of the components
| Quote: | | It is known that varying the OB ratio has a strong impact on VOD. |
If Philou says, for sure is true. Although it is usual to listen that velocity of reaction in mixes is slower (lower brisance) than in pure
explosives. The ethernal and sometime obscure concept of brisance...
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hissingnoise
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Thanks for that, guys---it helps; the concept of brisance though, certainly *is* somewhat mysterious and probably not fully understood, even today.
With solid HEs density does seem to have a more predictable effects on brisance, but even here anomalies arise. . .
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PHILOU Zrealone
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| Quote: | Originally posted by gnitseretni
PHILOU: you mentioned nitric acid + fuel are powerful mixtures. Would I be out of line to ask if you could give some examples of such mixtures using
fuels that are easy to come by, like Kerosene for example. Yeah, would 70% HNO3 + Kerosene work or does the HNO3 have to be near 100%? Hey wait a
minute.. isn't HNO3 + Kerosene a rocket fuel? (just googled it and it is indeed) Ok, so such a mixture definately oughta be detonable, right? But
probably not with 70% HNO3?? |
The use of HNO3 100% (CNA = concentrated nitric acid) reduces the amount of dead weight (30% water is a famous dead weight!); water displays also a
very high heat capacity and heat of vapourisation that scavenge the heat of detonation...
That is why water tempers the heat (fire) so wel...and heat energy is one of the major factor of the detonation process and VOD.
Explosives that displays less H atoms (more insaturations) displays higher heat of explosions...multiple bonding increases the energy per volume, and
no or little water produced favourise the best heat output.
Mixes of CNA with various fuels are shock sensitive HE.
The best is when the oxydiser and the fuel are miscible.
*Benzene or nitrobenzene with CNA more brisant and higher VOD than TNB!
*CH3-C#N and CNA (100% miscible and displays the power of NG, note the unsaturation linked to the nitrile group
N#C-C#N is one of the hottest burning stuff (4000°C vs 3100°C for H-C#C-H)...that's why I think percyano compounds admixed with pernitrocompounds
must be the best binary HE of all times!It excludes H atoms and contains a lot of unsaturated energy rich bonds per volume.
But who wants to play with tetracyano methane and tetranitromethane  ?
*NH4NO3/CH3-NO2/H2SO4 conc mix of Axt contains discretely CNA (generated from NH4NO3 and H2SO4)...so in there there is NM/CNA binary mix it displays a
higher VOD and brisance than NM!
*a lot of other examples
Beware that storage is inadvisable for most of those mixes because of the inherent shock and heat sensitivity, but also sometimes because of the slow
exothermic reactions that occurs in them...
PH Z (PHILOU Zrealone)
"Physic is all what never works; Chemistry is all what stinks and explodes!"-"Life that deadly disease, sexually transmitted."(W.Allen)
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hissingnoise
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Those mixtures should be only of academic interest; the simple act of mixing would be itself, fraught with danger. . .
Storing them would be highly dangerous!
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gnitseretni
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Yes, I can confirm that HNO3/NM are powerful mixes. I even used 70% HNO3 in these mixtures at ratios of 70% NM/30% HNO3 in small charges and 75%
NM/25% HNO3 in larger ones. Unfortunately, NM is getting outrageously expensive which has me looking for mixtures that use easily available fuels.
By the way, I've read folks warning people to be careful when extracting HNO3 with MC because it forms an explosive mixture. My question is.. is it a
powerful one? Haven't seen anyone ask that question before
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The WiZard is In
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Quote: Originally posted by Formatik  | Here is an updated list of Donald Haarmann's list, updated throughout the years by me. The file is now almost 3 times the original size. I collected
the Urbanski data from Czech volumes. A few references are lacking, but oh well. And no, I also didn't include the Mackowiak patent.
[Edited on 10-10-2008 by Formatik] |
---
Wow I am glad to see that someone has kept my work up to date.
I see my original DOC file is dated April, 1995 and 2002! As this is a DOC file me thinks that — you could use MS Word's "Convert text to table." As
a table it could to sorted using which column you desire. Or you could import it into Excel and sort as required.
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The WiZard is In
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| Quote: Originally posted by hissingnoise | The very high VoD of 9300 m/s for TNM mixtures with toluene (on both lists) is quite surprising.
At ratios to give zero O.B., these dangerously sensitive mixtures should be extremely powerful indeed.
The problem for me is, how can mixtures of two such low density liquids detonate with such high brisance?
HMX, with a negative O.B. is listed at 9100 m/s.
Does the very low viscosity of these liquids explain the effect? |
Bad luck perhaps.
In 1920 at the University of Münster a massive iron gas
burner containing a residue of 10 grams of tetranitromethane
and toluene mixture decomposed suddenly. The detonation
splintered the container, and of 300 students in the area,
10 were killed and 20 injured!
Several secondary references. Primary reference not seen
by me:
Zeitschrift für das Gesamte Schiess- und Sprengstoffwesen
25:439 1930
An explosion may be defined as a loud noise
accompanied by the sudden going away of
things from the places where they were before.
Joseph Needham
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The WiZard is In
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| Quote: Originally posted by chemoleo | Indeed, many values are missing, and if you thought about it you'd realise that's because the original references never quoted those values.
This includes any dubious values of ethylperchlorate you may have (or not).
Further, I lay no claim to the table whatsoever, it's been generated by D. Haarmann, who in some circles is well-known (again this I deliberately
mentioned at the bottom of the table).
Nonetheless, I actually checked some of the references given in the first attachment, and they were fine.
[Edited on 6-11-2008 by chemoleo] |
Attached in my original 2002 version in Doc Table format
which can be sorted by column.
Attachment: Explosives Detonation velocity table.doc (615kB)
This file has been downloaded 2869 times
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Formatik
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Well, well
| Quote: Originally posted by The WiZard is In | Wow I am glad to see that someone has kept my work up to date.
I see my original DOC file is dated April, 1995 and 2002! As this is a DOC file me thinks that — you could use MS Word's "Convert text to table." As
a table it could to sorted using which column you desire. Or you could import it into Excel and sort as required.
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He arises from a sea of books.
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The WiZard is In
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| Quote: Originally posted by Formatik | | Quote: Originally posted by The WiZard is In | Wow I am glad to see that someone has kept my work up to date.
I see my original DOC file is dated April, 1995 and 2002! As this is a DOC file me thinks that — you could use MS Word's "Convert text to table." As
a table it could to sorted using which column you desire. Or you could import it into Excel and sort as required.
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He arises from a sea of books. |
An ever increasing sea of books. My shelves look more
like Google.com/books every day! Could have saved
a SL of money years ago.
Any rate - If your DOC was in the original format w/
tab stops (assuming it contained them) it could be
converted into a table and sorted by columns.
The one posted lack tabs and therefore, cannot
be converted.
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GalacticIceBear
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HNIW
melting point: decomposes at 260 °C
molecular mass: 438.19 g/mol
density: 1.98 g/mL
sensitivity: very low
chemical formula: C6H6N12O12
explosive velocity: 10300 m/s
Faster, Faster, Until the Thrill of Speed Overcomes the Fear of Death. -Hunter S. Thompson
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