At the risk of offending the more intelligent species on this forum I found this: I know it does not answer all three questions above but it comments
on concentration NaOH and contains references. NAOH comments I have outlined here for easy finding in the pdf:
..........it is necessary to make what is called a sulfate alkaline hydrolysis, working in stronger alkaline conditions to change the L-galactose
6-sulfate into 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose. For this purpose the diffusion is made with sodium hydroxide solution (at least 0.1M) for at least one hour at
a temperature between 80-97°C,
..........say the industry uses 0.25-0.5M sodium hydroxide solution at 80-90°C for 3-5 hours.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5822e/x5822e03.htm
‘Calcination… is such a Separation of Bodies by Fire, as makes ‘em easily reducible into Powder; and for that reason ‘tis call’d by some
Chymical Pulverization.’ (John Friend, Chymical Lectures London, 1712)
Right is right, even if everyone is against it, and wrong is wrong, even if everyone is for it. (William Penn 1644-1718)
The very nature of Random, Chance development precludes the existence of Order - strange that our organic and inorganic world is so well defined by
precision and law. (me)
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