RogueRose
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Synthesis of Indole-3-butyric acid (rooting hormone) - how difficult is this?
I've recently seen some other compounds that have a similar structure as this and was wondering if there was a way to synthesize this with a moderate
lab.
Here is theWiki page link
What the compound looks like.
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Melgar
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Starting with indole, it should be easy enough, since the 3-position is most active. Cleave THF with HBr, to 4-bromobutanol, then use it for FC
alkylation and oxidize? Just a guess, no idea if it'd work. The acetic acid version could be produced from tryptophan though, which is probably
easier to get than indole.
The first step in the process of learning something is admitting that you don't know it already.
I'm givin' the spam shields max power at full warp, but they just dinna have the power! We're gonna have to evacuate to new forum software!
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Jon snow
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Maybe it could be possible to do a fisher indole synthesis using phenylhydrazine and 6-oxohexanoic acid but i don't know where you could find this
second reagent
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clearly_not_atara
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Can you use gramine as a precursor? Indole chemistry is a bit odd because of the various "quinoid" intermediates that allow unexpected rearrangements
and alkylations. Gramine as such transfers an "indole-3-methyl" synthon to carbanions like nitropropane.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramine
I'm thinking graminium and ethyl pyruvate/NaOEt to get to alpha-oxo-indole-3-butyrate and then reduce the carbonyl with hydrazine.
[Edited on 17-6-2017 by clearly_not_atara]
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CuReUS
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I see 3 ways to make it :-
1.reacting acrylic acid with indole to get indole-3-propionic acid and then doing the arndt-eistert reaction -http://www.organic-chemistry.org/abstracts/literature/443.sh...
2. using bacteria - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2656143/
3. from indole - " Nametkin et al. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1941 , vol. 32, p. 333 "
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zed
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Indole can be alkylated by Alcohols under some conditions. Like with Ethylene Glycol, base, heat and pressure, to produce tryptophol. Can also be
alkylated by Glycolic Acid and base to produce Indole acetic acid. Not immune to alkylation via Acrylic Esters and base, or via reflux with acetic
anhydride.
Could produce the iso-butyric acid via methyl-methacrylate.
Some folks use this approach. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Synthesis_of_indole-...
Then of course, is the popular e-bay synthesis. Where you send off nine bucks to a stranger, and you magically find 10 grams of Indole-3-Butyric Acid
in your mailbox a few days later (Free Shipping).
http://www.ebay.com/itm/IBA-K-Indole-Butyric-Acid-Water-Solu...
I like that one!
[Edited on 25-6-2017 by zed]
[Edited on 25-6-2017 by zed]
[Edited on 25-6-2017 by zed]
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CuReUS
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https://www.google.com/patents/US3062832
[Edited on 25-6-2017 by CuReUS]
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zed
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Perhaps I was imprecise. Seems to me, this action can also be accomplished by refluxing indole with an acrylic ester, in acetic anhydride. I've got
a paper somewhere.
Making it possible to produce our desired products, utilizing acrylic esters, rather than free acids.
There has been recent work alkylating indoles with alcohols, utilizing Pt or Iridium catalysts.
One potential alkylating agent, which could produce our desired product, might be difficult to obtain.
Gamma-Hydroxy Butyric Acid.......GHB!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Hydroxybutyric_acid
PS. The Lactone used to alkylate Indole, to produce the Indole 3-Butyric Acid, that you initially inquired about (earlier post).......Appears to be
Gamma- Butyrolactone. A precursor to GHB. It also, might be hard to come by.
Buying your simple Auxin on ebay might be the easiest thing. The precursors are harder to buy, than the finished product.
Even Indole itself, used to be considered a suspicious purchase.
[Edited on 26-6-2017 by zed]
[Edited on 26-6-2017 by zed]
[Edited on 27-6-2017 by zed]
[Edited on 27-6-2017 by zed]
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boilingstone2
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| Quote: |
Maybe it could be possible to do a fisher indole synthesis using phenylhydrazine and 6-oxohexanoic acid but i don't know where you could find this
second reagent
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One possible route to 6-oxohexanoic acid could be to:
1. Start by performing a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation on cyclohexanone to yield the caprolactone
2. Hydrolyze the caprolactone with dilute acid to yield 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid
3. Oxidize the 6-hydroxyhexanoic to 6-oxohexanoic acid
Does this sound feasible? Shouldn't the hydrolysis of lactones proceed like the hydrolysis of most esters?
The cyclohexanone will be much easier to get your hands on, and you could even try synthesizing it yourself if you felt so inclined. Same goes for
phenylhydrazine, there are a few videos on the synthesis of phenylhydrazine on youtube I believe.
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Dr.Bob
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your route to 6-oxohexanoic acid sounds plausible. Step 2 may require base rather than acid, not sure of the equilibrium in acid. But overall it
looks reasonable. Or try to find 1,6-dihydroxyhexane and partially oxidize it. Or monoprotect and then oxidize.
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Waffles SS
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Reaxys search of IBA
Attachment: IBA.pdf (176kB)
This file has been downloaded 767 times
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Jon snow
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Boilingstone2 I find the idea of the Baeyer-Villigen reaction great since cyclohexanone is quite easy to find and if it's non available it's easy
produced via cyclohexanol but as Dr.Bob pointed out a base hydrolysis sounds better to me as the equilibrium for the acid hydrolysis of a lactone
usually isn't great.
Also now that I'm thinking a little bit more about the Fisher indole synthesis I presume that it might be better to use the acetal of the aldehyde but
this should be easily obtainable using Trimethyl orthoformate or a similar reagent
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boilingstone2
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Jon Snow:
Great! Looking further into the hydrolysis of lactones, I learned it is more difficult than the hydrolysis of something like ethyl acetate (I'm being
careful not to say "a normal ester") because there is only 1 mol of product generated rather than 2 mol, which makes the change in entropy much less,
therefore making the reaction not as energetically favored.
Still though! Simply substituting the acid hydrolysis step for a base hydrolysis would hardly make this method any less feasible.
I can try and dig up some documentation I found regarding the baeyer-villiger oxidation. While I've never attempted it, the reagents involved (if one
tries to scrape by using peracetic acid) sound within the reach of amateur chemists.
Any clue as to why an acetal would work better for the Fischer indole synthesis? Just looking on wikipedia, the mechanism seems to start with a the
formation of a hydrazone, which I don't immediately see happening using an acetal.
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NEMO-Chemistry
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I am also interested in this synth, some of what I have found is confusing. However org synth has procedure for similar compound (IAA) that is here
http://www.orgsyn.org/demo.aspx?prep=CV5P0654
I have seen part of a paper that showed going from IAA to IBA, but the pdf was corrupt when I downloaded. So at the moment I have no idea if the
pathway mentioned was biological or doable in a lab. As a side note IAA while not as effective as IBA, it is still pretty good on its own.
For my application I need different Auxins in a gel type material sold for planting cuttings, has anyone got a patent for the actual Gel? or knows how
to make the clear Gel? I dont think Agar or similar will do.
EDIT
Rose as another side note
I have always used willow water for rooting, it wasnt until recently I discovered that the main ingredient for rooting in willow water, is infact
ASPIRIN!! Kind of makes sense once you know though.
[Edited on 28-10-2017 by NEMO-Chemistry]
Not sure how much help this is, it came from wiki commons
[Edited on 28-10-2017 by NEMO-Chemistry]
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Quaff
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1) ethyl succinate + PCl3 ------> ethyl succinyl chloride
2) indole + ethyl succinyl chloride ------> ethyl indole-3-butyrate
3) de-esterify
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