Thiophene

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Thiophene
Thiophene old sample pipette bottle by ChemicalForce.jpg
Sample of old thiophene
Names
IUPAC name
Thiophene
Other names
Thiacyclopentadiene
Thiofuran
Thiole
Thiophen
Properties
C4H4S
Molar mass 84.14 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Aromatic, benzene-like
Density 1.06494 g/cm3 (20 °C)
1.051 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point −38 °C (−36 °F; 235 K)
Boiling point 84 °C (183 °F; 357 K)
0.301 g/100 ml (25 °C)
Solubility Miscible glacial acetic acid, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, diethyl ether, dioxane, ethanol, isopropanol, pyridine, toluene, xylene
Vapor pressure 40 mmHg (12.5 °C)
Thermochemistry
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point −1 °C (30 °F; 272 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1,400 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Furan
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Thiophene is a heterocyclic compound with the formula C4H4S. It is the sulfur analogue of furan.

Thiophene is considered to be aromatic, although theoretical calculations suggest that the degree of aromaticity is less than that of benzene. The "electron pairs" on sulfur are significantly delocalized in the pi electron system.

Properties

Chemical

Oxidation of thiophene with trifluoroperacetic acid gives thiophene S-oxide.

Desulfurization of thiophene with Raney nickel yields butane.

Physical

Thiophene is a colorless liquid, with an odor similar to benzene. Older samples appear darker in color.

Availability

Thiophene is sold by lab suppliers.

Preparation

Can be prepared by reacting diacetylene with sodium sulfide, with KOH, using DMSO as solvent.[1]

Projects

  • Make thiophene S-oxide

Handling

Safety

Thiophene is harmful and irritant if inhaled. It is flammable, and combustion will yield sulfur dioxide which is a strong irritant.

Storage

In closed bottles, in dark, away from light.

Disposal

Should be burned in a special incinerator or neutralized with Fenton's reagent.

References

  1. https://www.prepchem.com/synthesis-of-thiophene/

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