Difference between revisions of "Neon"
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Revision as of 20:19, 27 December 2015
| General properties | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name, symbol | Neon, Ne | ||||
| Appearance |
Colorless gas Exhibits an orange-red glow when placed in a high voltage electric field | ||||
| Neon in the periodic table | |||||
| |||||
| Atomic number | 10 | ||||
| Standard atomic weight (Ar) | 20.1797(6) | ||||
| Group, block | , p-block | ||||
| Period | period 2 | ||||
| Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 2p6 | ||||
per shell | 2, 8 | ||||
| Physical properties | |||||
| Colorless | |||||
| Phase | Gas | ||||
| Melting point | 24.56 K (−248.59 °C, −415.46 °F) | ||||
| Boiling point | 27.104 K (−246.046 °C, −410.883 °F) | ||||
| Density at (0 °C and 101.325 kPa) | 0.9002 g/L | ||||
| when liquid, at | 1.207 g/cm3 (b.p.) | ||||
| Triple point | 24.556 K, 43.37 kPa | ||||
| Critical point | 44.4918 K, 2.7686 MPa | ||||
| Heat of fusion | 0.335 kJ/mol | ||||
| Heat of | 1.71 kJ/mol | ||||
| Molar heat capacity | 20.79 J/(mol·K) | ||||
| pressure | |||||
| Atomic properties | |||||
| Oxidation states | 0 | ||||
| energies |
1st: 2080.7 kJ/mol 2nd: 3952.3 kJ/mol 3rd: 6122 kJ/mol (more) | ||||
| Covalent radius | 58 pm | ||||
| Van der Waals radius | 154 pm | ||||
| Miscellanea | |||||
| Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) | ||||
| Speed of sound | 435 m/s (gas, at 0 °C) | ||||
| Thermal conductivity | 49.1×10−3 W/(m·K) | ||||
| Magnetic ordering | Diamagnetic | ||||
| Bulk modulus | 654 GPa | ||||
| CAS Registry Number | 7440-01-9 | ||||
| History | |||||
| Prediction | William Ramsay (1897) | ||||
| Discovery and first isolation | William Ramsay & Morris Travers (1898) | ||||
Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Neon does not react with any compounds and it's considered inert. While the ions Ne+, (NeAr)+, (NeH)+, and (HeNe+) have been observed from optical and mass spectrometric studies, neon does not form any true compounds.
Physical
Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air (0.9002 g/L).
Availability
Neon is sold by various suppliers, though it's quite expensive. Liquid neon is around 55 times more expensive than liquid helium.
Neon is often used in signs and produces an unmistakable bright reddish-orange light. However, some also contain other gasses.
Neon lamps can sometimes be found on various electronics. Other electronic devices where neon can be found are vacuum tubes, high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, television tubes, and helium–neon lasers.
Isolation
Neon can be isolated through the fractional distillation of air, though this process is very expensive and unfeasible for the amateur chemist.
Projects
- Element collection
- Gas discharge tube
- Inert atmosphere (though it's an expensive one)
Handling
Safety
Neon is inert and does not have any toxic effects on inhalation, though it can be an asphyxiant at high concentrations.
Storage
Neon cylinders should be kept away from heat or light.
Disposal
Neon can be safely released in air.
