https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Ammonium_permanganate&feed=atom&action=history
Ammonium permanganate - Revision history
2024-03-28T20:31:09Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.25.1
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Ammonium_permanganate&diff=12985&oldid=prev
Mabus at 17:53, 13 May 2020
2020-05-13T17:53:39Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:53, 13 May 2020</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=11 Ammonium permanganate preparation]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=11 Ammonium permanganate preparation]</div></td></tr>
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Mabus
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Ammonium_permanganate&diff=10328&oldid=prev
Mabus at 15:41, 20 January 2019
2019-01-20T15:41:34Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:41, 20 January 2019</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| OtherNames = Azanium permanganate<br>Permanganic acid, ammonium salt</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| OtherNames = Azanium permanganate<br>Permanganic acid, ammonium salt</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ImageFile =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ImageFile = <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Ammonium permanganate crystals by TheMrbunGee.jpg</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ImageSize =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ImageSize = <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">300</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ImageFile1 =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ImageFile1 =  </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| MeltingPt_notes = Decomposes violently above 60 °C</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| MeltingPt_notes = Decomposes violently <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(detonation) </ins>above 60 °C</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| Odor = Odorless (fresh)<br>Nitrogen oxide-like (old)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| Odor = Odorless (fresh)<br>Nitrogen oxide-like (old)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| pKa =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| pKa =  </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Explosive===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Explosive===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate is a moderately strong explosive, due to the combination of oxidizer [[permanganate]] anion and reducing [[ammonium]] cation. Dry ammonium permanganate in sensitive to heat, shock and friction, and may explode at temperatures above 60 °C<ref>http://www.textfiles.com/science/CHEMICALS/ammonium_permanganate.txt</ref> (110 °C according to Crespi<ref>Crespi, M.; Moles, E.; Anales Soc. Espan. Fis. Quim. (Madrid); vol. 20; (1922); p. 555 - 562</ref>). The detonation can be done using an open flame <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and </del>releases a copious smoke of dark brown powder. Its [[oxygen balance]] is zero.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate is a moderately strong explosive, due to the combination of oxidizer [[permanganate]] anion and reducing [[ammonium]] cation. Dry ammonium permanganate in sensitive to heat, shock and friction, and may explode at temperatures above 60 °C<ref>http://www.textfiles.com/science/CHEMICALS/ammonium_permanganate.txt</ref> (110 °C according to Crespi<ref>Crespi, M.; Moles, E.; Anales Soc. Espan. Fis. Quim. (Madrid); vol. 20; (1922); p. 555 - 562</ref>). The detonation <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of this compound is not extremely violent, and </ins>can be done using an open flame<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, which </ins>releases a copious smoke of dark brown powder<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, as well as projecting leftover material in every direction.<ref>https://www.youtube</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">com/watch?v=go2FLL83Y70</ref> </ins>Its [[oxygen balance]] is zero.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Availability==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Availability==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The best involves the reaction of [[silver permanganate]] and [[ammonium chloride]] in water. Silver chloride precipitates and is removed via filtration. The aqueous ammonium permanganate solution is concentrated by evaporating the water in vacuum and then cooled to precipitate NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub> crystals.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The best involves the reaction of [[silver permanganate]] and [[ammonium chloride]] in water. Silver chloride precipitates and is removed via filtration. The aqueous ammonium permanganate solution is concentrated by evaporating the water in vacuum and then cooled to precipitate NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub> crystals.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Potassium permanganate can also be used.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLKmtOTMkHQ</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The same process can be used for the reaction of [[barium permanganate]] and [[ammonium sulfate]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The same process can be used for the reaction of [[barium permanganate]] and [[ammonium sulfate]].</div></td></tr>
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Mabus
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Ammonium_permanganate&diff=6889&oldid=prev
Mabus at 17:35, 17 June 2017
2017-06-17T17:35:27Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:35, 17 June 2017</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| BoilingPt_ref =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| BoilingPt_ref =  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| BoilingPt_notes = Explodes</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| BoilingPt_notes = Explodes</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| Density = 2.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">200 </del>g/cm<sup>3</sup> (at 20 °C)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| Density = 2.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2 </ins>g/cm<sup>3</sup> (at 20 °C)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| Formula = NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| Formula = NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| HenryConstant =  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| HenryConstant =  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="L120" >Line 120:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 120:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Explosive===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Explosive===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate is a moderately strong explosive, due to the combination of oxidizer [[permanganate]] anion and reducing [[ammonium]] cation. Dry ammonium permanganate in sensitive to heat, shock and friction, and may explode at temperatures above 60 °C<ref>http://www.textfiles.com/science/CHEMICALS/ammonium_permanganate.txt</ref> (110 °C according to Crespi<ref>Crespi, M.; Moles, E.; Anales Soc. Espan. Fis. Quim. (Madrid); vol. 20; (1922); p. 555 - 562</ref>). Its [[oxygen balance]] is zero.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate is a moderately strong explosive, due to the combination of oxidizer [[permanganate]] anion and reducing [[ammonium]] cation. Dry ammonium permanganate in sensitive to heat, shock and friction, and may explode at temperatures above 60 °C<ref>http://www.textfiles.com/science/CHEMICALS/ammonium_permanganate.txt</ref> (110 °C according to Crespi<ref>Crespi, M.; Moles, E.; Anales Soc. Espan. Fis. Quim. (Madrid); vol. 20; (1922); p. 555 - 562</ref>)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. The detonation can be done using an open flame and releases a copious smoke of dark brown powder</ins>. Its [[oxygen balance]] is zero.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Availability==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Availability==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="L133" >Line 133:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 133:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another way is to mix a concentrated solution of [[ammonium chlorate]]/[[ammonium perchlorate|perchlorate]] with another of [[sodium permanganate]]. Sodium chlorate/perchlorate will remain in the solution due to its high solubility, while ammonium permanganate will precipitate due to its low solubility in water. The solution is filtered and the precipitate is washed thoroughly to remove any chlorate/perchlorate traces.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Another way is to mix a concentrated solution of [[ammonium chlorate]]/[[ammonium perchlorate|perchlorate]] with another of [[sodium permanganate]]. Sodium chlorate/perchlorate will remain in the solution due to its high solubility, while ammonium permanganate will precipitate due to its low solubility in water. The solution is filtered and the precipitate is washed thoroughly to remove any chlorate/perchlorate traces.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A tested method of producing this compound involves dissolving 20 g KMnO<sub>4</sub> in 200ml of boiling water, followed by the addition of 250 g [[ammonium nitrate]] and stirred until it dissolves. The solution is poured off into another beaker to leave any undissolved or decomposed products in the bottom. Chill the solution to 10 °C to precipitate the NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub>, and remove the solution to collect the reddish-purple crystals. Place the product onto absorbent paper and leave to dry at room temperature. Excess ammonium nitrate must be used, otherwise any leftover potassium permanganate will also precipitate.<ref>http://energetic.proboards.com/thread/47/ammonium-permanganate</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Projects==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Projects==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="L145" >Line 145:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 147:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Storage===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Storage===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate should only be stored for short periods of time, in a cool dark place away from light and organic materials and must be used as soon as possible.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate should only be stored for short periods of time<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, no more than 4 months</ins>, in a cool dark place away from light and organic materials and must be used as soon as possible.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate decomposes slowly in storage even at room temperatures. A sample stored for 3 months was only 96% pure and after 6 months it assumed color of iodine and had strong smell of nitrogen oxides.<ref>[http://www.pdfarchive.info/pdf/K/Ka/Kaye_Seymour_M_-_Encyclopedia_of_Explosives_and_Related_Items_-_Vol_8_of_10_-_M_to_P.pdf Seymour M. Kaye (1978), Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, vol. 8]</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Ammonium permanganate decomposes slowly in storage even at room temperatures. A sample stored for 3 months was only 96% pure and after 6 months it assumed color of iodine and had strong smell of nitrogen oxides.<ref>[http://www.pdfarchive.info/pdf/K/Ka/Kaye_Seymour_M_-_Encyclopedia_of_Explosives_and_Related_Items_-_Vol_8_of_10_-_M_to_P.pdf Seymour M. Kaye (1978), Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, vol. 8]</ref></div></td></tr>
</table>
Mabus
https://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Ammonium_permanganate&diff=5428&oldid=prev
Mabus: Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Ammonium permanganate | Reference = | IUPACName = Ammonium manganate(VII) | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = Azanium permanganate<br>Permanganic acid..."
2016-08-24T19:23:53Z
<p>Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Ammonium permanganate | Reference = | IUPACName = Ammonium manganate(VII) | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = Azanium permanganate<br>Permanganic acid..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Chembox<br />
| Name = Ammonium permanganate<br />
| Reference =<br />
| IUPACName = Ammonium manganate(VII)<br />
| PIN =<br />
| SystematicName =<br />
| OtherNames = Azanium permanganate<br>Permanganic acid, ammonium salt<br />
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties<br />
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant = <br />
| Appearance = Violet-brown or dark purple metallic crystals<br />
| BoilingPt = <br />
| BoilingPtC = <br />
| BoilingPt_ref = <br />
| BoilingPt_notes = Explodes<br />
| Density = 2.200 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (at 20 °C)<br />
| Formula = NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub><br />
| HenryConstant = <br />
| LogP = <br />
| MolarMass = 136.974 g/mol<br />
| MeltingPt = <br />
| MeltingPtC = <br />
| MeltingPt_ref = <br />
| MeltingPt_notes = Decomposes violently above 60 °C<br />
| Odor = Odorless (fresh)<br>Nitrogen oxide-like (old)<br />
| pKa = <br />
| pKb = <br />
| Solubility = 8.0 g/100 ml (at 15 °C)<br>8.57594 g/100 ml (at 25 °C)<br />
| SolubleOther = Insoluble in [[acetone]]<br />
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| DeltaGf = <br />
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| DeltaHf = -703.171 - -686.429 kJ/mol<br />
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| HeatCapacity = <br />
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| Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive<br />
| ShockSens = Medium<br />
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards<br />
| AutoignitionPt = <br />
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'''Ammonium permanganate''' is an energetic chemical compound with the chemical formula '''NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub>'''. It is a strong oxidizer as well as a moderately strong explosive.<br />
<br />
==Properties==<br />
===Chemical===<br />
Ammonium permanganate decomposes explosively, releasing nitrogen, water vapors and a copious cloud of dark brownish [[manganese dioxide]] dust.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bh-maHh0nvU</ref><br />
<br />
: NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub> → MnO<sub>2</sub> + ½ N<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O<br />
<br />
===Physical===<br />
Ammonium permanganate is a violet-brown or dark purple metallic crystalline or powder, which slowly turns steel-gray over time. Aqueous solutions are magenta–rose in color. It is slightly soluble in water and insoluble in [[acetone]]. The density of NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub> is given different values in literature, with the most recent measurement being 2.2 g/cm<sup>3</sup> at 20 °C.<ref>[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1521-3749%28200101%29627:1%3C114::AID-ZAAC114%3E3.0.CO;2-Y/full Kotai, Laszlo; Argay, Gyula; Holly, Sandor; Keszler, Agnes; Pukanszky, Bela; Banerji, Kalyan K.; Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie; vol. 627; nb. 1; (2001); p. 114 - 118]</ref><br />
<br />
===Explosive===<br />
Ammonium permanganate is a moderately strong explosive, due to the combination of oxidizer [[permanganate]] anion and reducing [[ammonium]] cation. Dry ammonium permanganate in sensitive to heat, shock and friction, and may explode at temperatures above 60 °C<ref>http://www.textfiles.com/science/CHEMICALS/ammonium_permanganate.txt</ref> (110 °C according to Crespi<ref>Crespi, M.; Moles, E.; Anales Soc. Espan. Fis. Quim. (Madrid); vol. 20; (1922); p. 555 - 562</ref>). Its [[oxygen balance]] is zero.<br />
<br />
==Availability==<br />
Ammonium permanganate is not sold by any entities due to its sensitivity and has to be prepared in situ.<br />
<br />
==Preparation==<br />
Ammonium permanganate can be prepared through several ways.<br />
<br />
The best involves the reaction of [[silver permanganate]] and [[ammonium chloride]] in water. Silver chloride precipitates and is removed via filtration. The aqueous ammonium permanganate solution is concentrated by evaporating the water in vacuum and then cooled to precipitate NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub> crystals.<br />
<br />
The same process can be used for the reaction of [[barium permanganate]] and [[ammonium sulfate]].<br />
<br />
Another way is to mix a concentrated solution of [[ammonium chlorate]]/[[ammonium perchlorate|perchlorate]] with another of [[sodium permanganate]]. Sodium chlorate/perchlorate will remain in the solution due to its high solubility, while ammonium permanganate will precipitate due to its low solubility in water. The solution is filtered and the precipitate is washed thoroughly to remove any chlorate/perchlorate traces.<br />
<br />
==Projects==<br />
*Make bang snaps<br />
*Make very fine MnO<sub>2</sub> powder<br />
<br />
==Handling==<br />
===Safety===<br />
Ammonium permanganate is corrosive to skin, eyes, mouth and lungs, and contact will stain them brown, casing burns.<br />
<br />
Being a strong oxidizer, avoid contact with flammable materials. As it's explosive, proper protection must be worn when handling it. It is sensitive to heat, friction and shock.<br />
<br />
===Storage===<br />
Ammonium permanganate should only be stored for short periods of time, in a cool dark place away from light and organic materials and must be used as soon as possible.<br />
<br />
Ammonium permanganate decomposes slowly in storage even at room temperatures. A sample stored for 3 months was only 96% pure and after 6 months it assumed color of iodine and had strong smell of nitrogen oxides.<ref>[http://www.pdfarchive.info/pdf/K/Ka/Kaye_Seymour_M_-_Encyclopedia_of_Explosives_and_Related_Items_-_Vol_8_of_10_-_M_to_P.pdf Seymour M. Kaye (1978), Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, vol. 8]</ref><br />
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===Disposal===<br />
Ammonium permanganate can be neutralized by dissolving it in water and adding a reducing agent such as [[sodium metabisulfite]], [[sodium sulfite]], [[sodium thiosulfate]], [[sulfur dioxide]], which converts it into [[ammonium sulfate]] and [[manganese(II) sulfate]].<br />
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Detonation of NH<sub>4</sub>MnO<sub>4</sub> will give a fine, irritant and corrosive manganese dioxide mist.<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===<br />
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=11 Ammonium permanganate preparation]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Inorganic compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Ammonium compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Manganese compounds]]<br />
[[Category:Permanganates]]<br />
[[Category:Energetic materials]]<br />
[[Category:Oxidizing agents]]<br />
[[Category:Primary explosives]]</div>
Mabus