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Neon,  10Ne
General properties
Name, symbol Neon, Ne
Appearance Colorless gas
Exhibits an orange-red glow when placed in a high voltage electric field
Neon in the periodic table
He

Ne

Ar
FluorineNeonSodium
Atomic number 10
Standard atomic weight (Ar) 20.1797(6)
Group, block , p-block
Period period 2
Electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p6
per shell
2, 8
Physical properties
Colorless
Phase Gas
Melting point 24.56 K ​(−248.59 °C, ​​−415.46 °F)
Boiling point 27.104 K ​(−246.046 °C, ​−410.883 °F)
Density at  (0 °C and 101.325 kPa) 0.9002 g/L
when liquid, at  1.207 g/cm3 (b.p.)
Triple point 24.556 K, ​43.37 kPa
Critical point 44.4918 K, 2.7686 MPa
Heat of fusion 0.335 kJ/mol
Heat of 1.71 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity 20.79 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
Atomic properties
Oxidation states 0
energies 1st: 2080.7 kJ/mol
2nd: 3952.3 kJ/mol
3rd: 6122 kJ/mol
(more)
Covalent radius 58 pm
Van der Waals radius 154 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound 435 m/s (gas, at 0 °C)
Thermal conductivity 49.1×10−3 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering Diamagnetic
Bulk modulus 654 GPa
CAS Registry Number 7440-01-9
History
Prediction William Ramsay (1897)
Discovery and first isolation William Ramsay & Morris Travers (1898)
· references

Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10.

Properties

Chemical

Neon does not react with any compounds and it's considered inert. While the ions Ne+, (NeAr)+, (NeH)+, and (HeNe+) have been observed from optical and mass spectrometric studies, neon does not form any true compounds.

Physical

Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air (0.9002 g/L).

Availability

Neon is sold by various suppliers, though it's quite expensive. Liquid neon is around 55 times more expensive than liquid helium.

Neon is often used in signs and produces an unmistakable bright reddish-orange light. However, some also contain other gasses.

Neon lamps can sometimes be found on various electronics. Other electronic devices where neon can be found are vacuum tubes, high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, television tubes, and helium–neon lasers.

Isolation

Neon can be isolated through the fractional distillation of air, though this process is very expensive and unfeasible for the amateur chemist.

Projects

  • Element collection
  • Gas discharge tube
  • Inert atmosphere (though it's an expensive one)

Handling

Safety

Neon is inert and does not have any toxic effects on inhalation, though it can be an asphyxiant at high concentrations.

Storage

Neon cylinders should be kept away from heat or light.

Disposal

Neon can be safely released in air.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads