khourygeo77
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Breaking a stable emulsion
Hello,
I have been struggling in breaking a tough type of emulsion. The emulsion consists of this: Alcohol, water and plant extract. When I make a herbal
tincture or herbal alcohol distilled liquor (which contains alcohol, water and volatile herbal compounds), then I dilute with water, I get a turbidity
and a cloudy water.
Heating and cooling, or even distilling doesn't manage to break the emulsion. Adding salt or even sugar in the aim of changing the densities after
making the dilutions doesn't solve the problem as well
Any ideas? I know centrifuging is a possibility. But for the moment, I cannot afford to do that.
Thanks for your time
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BromicAcid
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You hit the big ones, adding sugar/salt will adjust the polarity as well, have you tried adding more alcohol? You can add something that's more
non-polar like pentane that might help break it. Otherwise you're left with physical manipulations like vacuum cycling or mechanical vibration.
Those are some of my go-tos when all else fails. Well, that and changing the solvent but then it's not really a tincture anymore.
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arkoma
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a vibrating dildonic device. seriously. hold it against side of sep funnel.
"We believe the knowledge and cultural heritage of mankind should be accessible to all people around the world, regardless of their wealth, social
status, nationality, citizenship, etc" z-lib
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SWIM
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Sometimes you can break emulsions like that by filtering.
In Industry they'd use a pressure filter, but vacuum filtering through a Buchner funnel has worked for me in some cases.
Try to avoid pulling such a high vacuum that the filtered solution starts to boil, as that may just make a new emulsion.
However are you sure the herbal extract is soluble in the dilute solution?
If your extract contains oils which go out of solution on dilution then the filtration will not make a valuable contribution.
If solubility is the problem then you'll probably have to use a higher alcohol content to keep things clear.
Are you familiar with Raki?
The way it gets cloudy when diluted is a good analogy for what I'm talking about.
The anise oil goes out of solution and forms a suspension when the alcohol level gets too low.
If you're not familiar with Raki, the Greek beverage Ouzo does the same thing.
EDIT: I'm not sure if I get what you're trying to achieve here.
Do you just want a clear solution, or are you hoping to separate the oils from the solution?
If the latter is the case, can you use a nonpolar solvent to extract them?
[Edited on 9-11-2021 by SWIM]
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khourygeo77
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Quote: Originally posted by BromicAcid  | | You hit the big ones, adding sugar/salt will adjust the polarity as well, have you tried adding more alcohol? You can add something that's more
non-polar like pentane that might help break it. Otherwise you're left with physical manipulations like vacuum cycling or mechanical vibration.
Those are some of my go-tos when all else fails. Well, that and changing the solvent but then it's not really a tincture anymore.
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Alcohol is the problem here. Adding it will stabilize the emulsion.
The only reason I cannot separate the oils is because they are so attached to the alcohol, in solution and in distillation..
I tried adding hexane to a hydroalcoholic tincture, it partially worked. But it didn't work at all when I tried to extract the oils out of the
distilled alcoholic liquor..
Can you provide more info about the cited physical manipulations like expected prices and which devices I can use and how they work? I am a complete
amateur about this stuff...
Thanks
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khourygeo77
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| Quote: Originally posted by SWIM | Sometimes you can break emulsions like that by filtering.
In Industry they'd use a pressure filter, but vacuum filtering through a Buchner funnel has worked for me in some cases.
Try to avoid pulling such a high vacuum that the filtered solution starts to boil, as that may just make a new emulsion.
However are you sure the herbal extract is soluble in the dilute solution?
If your extract contains oils which go out of solution on dilution then the filtration will not make a valuable contribution.
If solubility is the problem then you'll probably have to use a higher alcohol content to keep things clear.
Are you familiar with Raki?
The way it gets cloudy when diluted is a good analogy for what I'm talking about.
The anise oil goes out of solution and forms a suspension when the alcohol level gets too low.
If you're not familiar with Raki, the Greek beverage Ouzo does the same thing.
EDIT: I'm not sure if I get what you're trying to achieve here.
Do you just want a clear solution, or are you hoping to separate the oils from the solution?
If the latter is the case, can you use a nonpolar solvent to extract them?
[Edited on 9-11-2021 by SWIM] |
The herbal extract's oils form a stable emulsion with the dilute solution. However, some sediments get separated and fall down but it is mainly some
waxes and other stuff. My aim is to separate the oils as they form a very tight bond with the alcohol
Filtration will not help.
I am very familiar with Raki. I tried it on similar alcoholic beverages but the oils will never get out of solution no matter how much I dilute the
liquor. My aim is to break the suspensions and separate the oil from the alcohol
Non polar solvents don't work at all on distilled liquors but partially work on herbal tinctures.
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SWIM
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If you just want the volatile oils you could try steam distillation of the plant material.
This is common practice for making essential oils, but in some cases takes a lot of steam.
Or how about evaporating the tincture to a viscous fluid, dissolving in a non-polar solvent, and extracting with water to remove the water soluble
elements.
Could you tell us what you're extracting/trying to get?
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khourygeo77
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| Quote: Originally posted by SWIM | If you just want the volatile oils you could try steam distillation of the plant material.
This is common practice for making essential oils, but in some cases takes a lot of steam.
Or how about evaporating the tincture to a viscous fluid, dissolving in a non-polar solvent, and extracting with water to remove the water soluble
elements.
Could you tell us what you're extracting/trying to get?
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I know how to extract essential oils by using different methods. But this method interests me more because it will allow me to use much less heat or
energy.
The essential oil sticks to the alcohol so well. If I try to evaporate it, the essential oils will evaporate as well as the alcohol. They form an
azeotrope.
I just need to know how I can break the bond between alcohol and essential oils. My purpose is to find a new type of extraction (different from
hydrodistillation, steam distillation, CO2 extraction etc).
The extraction's exact aim is to to separate essential oils from an alcoholic solution. I believe there must be a very simple solution (whether
chemical or physical...)
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BromicAcid
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Agree with SWIM, have seen filtrations break emulsions several times.
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Fantasma4500
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ultrasonic vibrations may help seperate the emulsions
otherwise, try with DCM? distills over at 40*C and you can always flush the DCM out of plant material using water
maybe check reagents and acquisition, one guy just posted about making his own centrifuge
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khourygeo77
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| Quote: Originally posted by Antiswat | ultrasonic vibrations may help seperate the emulsions
otherwise, try with DCM? distills over at 40*C and you can always flush the DCM out of plant material using water
maybe check reagents and acquisition, one guy just posted about making his own centrifuge |
I cannot store DCM appropriately. And what really interests me is to break the ethanol & oil bonding.
Can you provide more info about ultrasonic vibrations? This seems interesting but I don't know from where to start (what device I need to use, how
expensive it is...). I'd need to generate some very loud sounds?
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khourygeo77
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What kinds of filtrations? There are many types..
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BromicAcid
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Usually shoot it through a 0.25 micron encapsulated using nitrogen pressure. Really just depends on what you have.
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khourygeo77
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Chemistry isn't exactly my domain so I don't understand exactly what you mean. Using 0.25 micron porous material might make it work you mean?
Btw. Chromatography might work but I am not sure
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7398001/
I tried all methods except for chromatography. I guess I'll need to do some research because I couldn't grasp if it works or not, and if there can be
a material capable of only adsorbing the alcohol without the oil...
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khourygeo77
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"The human body is composed of around 100 trillion cells. Essential Oils are composed of around 40 million trillion molecules per single drop! How can
so many molecules fit into a single drop? They are extraordinarily small, which enables them to pass through all of our tissues and directly into our
cells."
I wonder if there is a procedure that allows separation of mixtures by molecule size?
Chromatography & Molecular sieves might work. Also, the methods chemists use in research papers to identify volatile compounds in wine should work
as well..
[Edited on 11-11-2021 by khourygeo77]
[Edited on 11-11-2021 by khourygeo77]
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clearly_not_atara
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Idea: replace the ethanol with glacial acetic acid, extract into GAA, add to water and neutralize with NaHCO3 or similar.
[Edited on 04-20-1969 by clearly_not_atara]
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walruslover69
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you could extract with pentane and evaporate to yield your oil
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Fantasma4500
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as for ultrasonic, it was just an idea. cheaper devices can only run 5 minutes at a time
if you want some bulk solvent, go for gasoline, distill it. i got some fractions coming over at about 40*C, they stank quite a bit though
and i got a decent amount also up to 60*C
at about 110*C you will get toluene, thats what you wanna avoid as solvent because it stinks really bad
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Monoamine
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This does not sound like an emulsion to me...
If your solution becomes turbit when adding more water it most likely means that your phytochemical are not water soluble. In that case you should be
able to extract them out using a non-polar solvent.
In fact, if it is an emulsion the you can extract the ethanol out of the emulsion by simply extracting the emulsion itself with a nonpolar solvent
that is very miscible with ethanol but not with water (for instance ethyl acetate). This will also extract the ethyl acetate-soluable phytochemicals
from your emulsion.
Also why do you need a tincture? If you have dried powdered extract then you should also be able to dose it better if it's for consumption.
Do you have a picture of the emulsion?
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karlos³
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Just pull it through a pad of celite in the frit.
Emulsion = gone.
Maybe pull it directly into a funnel, because "re-frothed" emulsions(just invented the word re-frothed!) tend to emulsify up again in the joseph
funnel(sorry thats an inside joke.... we call one of ours "Sepp" which stands for joseph actually in bastard/bavarian german, and in consequence we
had to call the sep funnel joseph funnel  ).
verrückt und wissenschaftlich
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Organikum
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An older textbook says that filtration through a plug of fine glasswool (lab glasswool which is much finer then the one for insulation) breaks
virtually every emulsion. There are glassfiber filters available which do about the same.
Be every careful with the application of vacuum as too much reintroduces the emulsion.
On the other hand I discovered that gravity filtration through a N95 mask (cheapest kind available, just hang it in a plastic funnel) is rapid and
works splendidly in removing even very fine particles and also any kind of emulsion like when so often you have a turbid layer of organic solvent on
the water phase you can either wait, and wait, and wait or just pour the whole shebang through a N95 and miraculously end up with two clear layers
calling for instant separation.
The masks take on some liquid and must be squeezed dry after use (or cut a circle and use with a tiny bit of vacuum) but thats the only issue I
discovered.
I also propose that the middle layer of the masks, one alone or several put together is the the long searched for OTC membrane for electrolytical
processes of all kind, filling the gap between obnoxious flower pots and salt-plugs and Nafion XYZ membranes doped with unobtainium hemisulfate.
/ORG
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