Difference between revisions of "Copper(II) phosphate"

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[[File:Copper(II) phosphate dry.jpg|thumb|322x322px|Freshly ground copper(II) phosphate intended for use in blue paint]]
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| Name = Copper(II) phosphate
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| Reference =
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| IUPACName = Copper(II) phosphate
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| PIN =
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| SystematicName =
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| OtherNames = Cupric phosphate<br>Tricopper bis(orthophosphate)<br>Tricopper diphosphate
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| ImageFile = Copper(II) phosphate dry.jpg
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| ImageSize = 320
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| ImageCaption = Freshly ground copper(II) phosphate intended for use in blue paint
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
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| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
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| Appearance = Light bluish-green powder (anhydrous)<br>Blue or olive crystals (trihydrate)
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| BoilingPt =
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| BoilingPtC =
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| BoilingPt_ref =
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| BoilingPt_notes = Decomposes
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| Density =
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| Formula = Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
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| HenryConstant =
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| LogP =
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| MolarMass = 380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous)<br>434.63 g/mol (trihydrate)
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| MeltingPt =
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| MeltingPtC = 300
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| MeltingPt_ref =
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| MeltingPt_notes = Decomposes
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| Odor = Odorless
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| pKa =
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| Solubility = ''anhydrous:''<br>Insoluble<hr>''trihydrate:''<br>Slightly soluble
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| SolubleOther = ''anhydrous:''<br>Soluble in [[ammonia]]<hr>''trihydrate:''<br>Soluble in aq. [[ammonia]]<br>Slightly soluble in [[acetone]]<br>Insoluble in [[alcohol]]s
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| VaporPressure = ~0 mmHg
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| CrystalStruct = Orthorhombic (trihydrate)
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
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| AutoignitionPt = Non-flammable
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| ExploLimits =
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| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.alfa.com/en/content/msds/english/A17360.pdf AlfaAesar]
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable
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| MainHazards = Irritant
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| OtherCompounds = [[Zinc phosphate]]
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'''Copper(II) phosphate''', or '''cupric phosphate''', is a chemical compound with the formula '''Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>'''. It is a light blue powdery compound that is insoluble in water.
 
'''Copper(II) phosphate''', or '''cupric phosphate''', is a chemical compound with the formula '''Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>'''. It is a light blue powdery compound that is insoluble in water.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
 
===Chemical===
 
===Chemical===
Copper(II) phosphate will react with acids to produce the corresponding copper salt and [[phosphoric acid]].
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Copper(II) phosphate will react with concentrated strong acids acids, such as [[sulfuric acid]] to produce the corresponding copper salt and [[phosphoric acid]].
  
 
===Physical===
 
===Physical===
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==Availability==
 
==Availability==
Copper(II) phosphate is usually unavailable for sale as it has very few applications. It is extremely easy to prepare with OTC chemicals.
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Copper(II) phosphate is usually unavailable for sale as it has very few applications. It is however extremely easy to prepare with OTC chemicals.
  
 
==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
[[File:Copper(II) phosphate.JPG|thumb|251x251px|Freshly precipitated and filtered copper(II) phosphate]]
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[[File:Copper(II) phosphate fresh.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Freshly precipitated and filtered copper(II) phosphate]]
Copper(II) phosphate can be prepared by combining [[copper(II) sulfate]] and [[trisodium phosphate]] in a 3:2 molar ratio.
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Copper(II) phosphate can be prepared by mixing a solution of [[copper(II) sulfate]] with one of [[trisodium phosphate]] in a 3:2 molar ratio.
  
 
:3 CuSO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> + 2 Na<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2 (s)</sub> + 3 Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 (aq)</sub>
 
:3 CuSO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> + 2 Na<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4 (aq)</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2 (s)</sub> + 3 Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 (aq)</sub>
  
A different preparation involves reacting [[copper(II) carbonate|copper carbonate]] with phosphoric acid:
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A different preparation involves reacting [[copper(II) carbonate]] or [[Copper(II) oxide|oxide]] with [[phosphoric acid]]:
  
 
:3 Cu<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 4 H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 3 CO<sub>2</sub> + 9 H<sub>2</sub>O
 
:3 Cu<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 4 H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → 2 Cu<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 3 CO<sub>2</sub> + 9 H<sub>2</sub>O
[[Monoammonium phosphate]] also works for this preparation.
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[[Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate|Monoammonium phosphate]] also works for this preparation.
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
 
*Copper compounds collection
 
*Copper compounds collection
 
*Paint pigments
 
*Paint pigments
*Copper (II) phosphate can be reduced to copper phosphide, which can be used to isolate phosphorous by heating it: 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub> → 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P + P<sub>4</sub>
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*Copper (II) phosphate can be reduced to copper phosphide, which can be used to isolate elemental phosphorous by heating it: 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub> → 4 Cu<sub>3</sub>P + P<sub>4</sub>
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
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[[Category:Copper compounds]]
 
[[Category:Copper compounds]]
 
[[Category:Phosphates]]
 
[[Category:Phosphates]]
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[[Category:Insoluble compounds]]
 
[[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]]
 
[[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]]

Latest revision as of 18:39, 3 October 2018

Copper(II) phosphate
Copper(II) phosphate dry.jpg
Freshly ground copper(II) phosphate intended for use in blue paint
Names
IUPAC name
Copper(II) phosphate
Other names
Cupric phosphate
Tricopper bis(orthophosphate)
Tricopper diphosphate
Properties
Cu3(PO4)2
Molar mass 380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous)
434.63 g/mol (trihydrate)
Appearance Light bluish-green powder (anhydrous)
Blue or olive crystals (trihydrate)
Odor Odorless
Melting point 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) Decomposes
Boiling point Decomposes
anhydrous:
Insoluble
trihydrate:
Slightly soluble
Solubility anhydrous:
Soluble in ammonia
trihydrate:
Soluble in aq. ammonia
Slightly soluble in acetone
Insoluble in alcohols
Vapor pressure ~0 mmHg
Hazards
Safety data sheet AlfaAesar
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Related compounds
Zinc phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Copper(II) phosphate, or cupric phosphate, is a chemical compound with the formula Cu3(PO4)2. It is a light blue powdery compound that is insoluble in water.

Properties

Chemical

Copper(II) phosphate will react with concentrated strong acids acids, such as sulfuric acid to produce the corresponding copper salt and phosphoric acid.

Physical

Copper(II) phosphate is a light blue, powdery substance that is insoluble in water and ethanol, but soluble in ammonia and mineral acids.

Availability

Copper(II) phosphate is usually unavailable for sale as it has very few applications. It is however extremely easy to prepare with OTC chemicals.

Preparation

Freshly precipitated and filtered copper(II) phosphate

Copper(II) phosphate can be prepared by mixing a solution of copper(II) sulfate with one of trisodium phosphate in a 3:2 molar ratio.

3 CuSO4 (aq) + 2 Na3PO4 (aq) → 2 Cu3(PO4)2 (s) + 3 Na2SO4 (aq)

A different preparation involves reacting copper(II) carbonate or oxide with phosphoric acid:

3 Cu2CO3(OH)2 + 4 H3PO4 → 2 Cu3(PO4)2 + 3 CO2 + 9 H2O

Monoammonium phosphate also works for this preparation.

Projects

  • Copper compounds collection
  • Paint pigments
  • Copper (II) phosphate can be reduced to copper phosphide, which can be used to isolate elemental phosphorous by heating it: 4 Cu3P2 → 4 Cu3P + P4

Handling

Safety

Like all copper compounds, copper(II) phosphate is mildly toxic, but since it is insoluble it is less of a concern than soluble compounds.[1]

Storage

Copper(II) phosphate should be stored in closed bottles.

Disposal

Copper phosphate should be disposed just like any other copper compound.

References

  1. http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=86469

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