Difference between revisions of "Density"
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(→Common densities) |
(→Common densities) |
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*Homogeneous materials: The density at all regions of a homogeneous object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. | *Homogeneous materials: The density at all regions of a homogeneous object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. | ||
*Heterogeneous materials: The density varies between different regions of the object. The density of heterogeneous materials is calculated by determining the densities of many small volumes around various locations of the said material. | *Heterogeneous materials: The density varies between different regions of the object. The density of heterogeneous materials is calculated by determining the densities of many small volumes around various locations of the said material. | ||
− | *Non-compact materials: Materials such as flakes, pellets, granules or powders contain voids, such as air, water or other fluids. The density of such materials is determined by multiple methods, such as pycnometer method or mathematical expressions for various geometric shapes. | + | *Non-compact materials: Materials such as flakes, pellets, granules or powders contain voids, such as air, water or other fluids. The density of such materials is determined by multiple methods, such as [[pycnometer]] method or mathematical expressions for various geometric shapes. |
==List of densities== | ==List of densities== | ||
Line 103: | Line 103: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1.696 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1.696 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 0 °C and 101.325 kPa | | style="text-align:center;"| 0 °C and 101.325 kPa | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Dinitrogen trioxide (gas) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1.783 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Argon (gas) | | style="text-align:center;"| Argon (gas) | ||
Line 130: | Line 134: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ozone (gas) | | style="text-align:center;"| Ozone (gas) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2.144 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2.144 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 0 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Chloromethane (gas) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2.3065 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 0 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 0 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 143: | Line 151: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2.619 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2.619 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Chlorine dioxide (gas) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2.757 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Hydrogen iodide (gas) | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydrogen iodide (gas) | ||
Line 355: | Line 367: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 735 | | style="text-align:center;"| 735 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At -25 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At -25 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Trimethylphosphine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 738 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Methyl tert-butyl ether | | style="text-align:center;"| Methyl tert-butyl ether | ||
Line 490: | Line 506: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| UH25 | | style="text-align:center;"| UH25 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 829 | | style="text-align:center;"| 829 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| At | + | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Propylene oxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 830.4 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Acrolein | | style="text-align:center;"| Acrolein | ||
Line 498: | Line 518: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Limonene | | style="text-align:center;"| Limonene | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 841.1 | | style="text-align:center;"| 841.1 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| Average, at | + | | style="text-align:center;"| Average, at 20 °C |
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| ANFO (bulk) | | style="text-align:center;"| ANFO (bulk) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 850 | | style="text-align:center;"| 850 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Average, at standard conditions | | style="text-align:center;"| Average, at standard conditions | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| ''tert''-Butyl chloride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 851 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Allyl alcohol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 854 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Triethyl borate | | style="text-align:center;"| Triethyl borate | ||
Line 514: | Line 542: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 860 | | style="text-align:center;"| 860 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| At | + | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C |
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Potassium | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium | ||
Line 522: | Line 550: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Xylene (mixture) | | style="text-align:center;"| Xylene (mixture) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 860 | | style="text-align:center;"| 860 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| Mixture of isomers, at | + | | style="text-align:center;"| Mixture of isomers, at 20 °C |
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Xylene (para) | | style="text-align:center;"| Xylene (para) | ||
Line 587: | Line 615: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 890 | | style="text-align:center;"| 890 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Racemic or (−)-isomer | | style="text-align:center;"| Racemic or (−)-isomer | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Decalin | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 896 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Racemic, at 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ethylenediamine | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethylenediamine | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 900 | | style="text-align:center;"| 900 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| At | + | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C |
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Grain (corn, ear) | | style="text-align:center;"| Grain (corn, ear) | ||
Line 607: | Line 639: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 900.3 | | style="text-align:center;"| 900.3 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-250</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-250</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Methyl isobutyl ketone | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 902 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Styrene | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 906 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Mayonnaise (traditional) | | style="text-align:center;"| Mayonnaise (traditional) | ||
Line 654: | Line 694: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Corn oil | | style="text-align:center;"| Corn oil | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 922 | | style="text-align:center;"| 922 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Eucalyptol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 922.5 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 663: | Line 707: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 927 | | style="text-align:center;"| 927 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Phenylacetylene | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 928.1 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Nitrous oxide (liquid) | | style="text-align:center;"| Nitrous oxide (liquid) | ||
Line 691: | Line 739: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 945 | | style="text-align:center;"| 945 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC<ref>Straus; Heinze; Salzmann; Chemische Berichte; vol. 66; (1933); p. 638</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC<ref>Straus; Heinze; Salzmann; Chemische Berichte; vol. 66; (1933); p. 638</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Cyclohexanone | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 947.8 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Beeswax | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 961 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Average density of most types of beeswax | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Butyric acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Butyric acid | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 952.8 | | style="text-align:center;"| 952.8 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 25 ºC | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 ºC | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Cyclohexanol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 962.4 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Methyl cellosolve | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 965 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium | ||
Line 702: | Line 766: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Tetralin | | style="text-align:center;"| Tetralin | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 970 | | style="text-align:center;"| 970 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Furan | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 973.1 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Methyl formate | | style="text-align:center;"| Methyl formate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 980 | | style="text-align:center;"| 980 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Benzylamine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 981 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 719: | Line 791: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 990 | | style="text-align:center;"| 990 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 19.5 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 19.5 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Camphor | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 992 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Silicone | | style="text-align:center;"| Silicone | ||
Line 735: | Line 811: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 997 | | style="text-align:center;"| 997 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ferroin (0.1% solution) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 999 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Mayonnaise (light) | | style="text-align:center;"| Mayonnaise (light) | ||
Line 747: | Line 827: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,000 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,000 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Estimated | | style="text-align:center;"| Estimated | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Chloromethane (liquid) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,003 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At -23.8 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Saline water | | style="text-align:center;"| Saline water | ||
Line 766: | Line 850: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Nicotine | | style="text-align:center;"| Nicotine | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,009.25 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,009.25 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Benzonitrile | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,010 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 771: | Line 859: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,010 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,010 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Borneol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,011 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Milk (cow, light cream) | | style="text-align:center;"| Milk (cow, light cream) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,012 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,012 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Propionic anhydride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,015 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ethanolamine | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethanolamine | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,016.43 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,016.43 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Phenethyl alcohol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,017 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 799: | Line 899: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,028 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,028 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hexamethylphosphoramide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,030 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Milk (cow, whole) | | style="text-align:center;"| Milk (cow, whole) | ||
Line 819: | Line 923: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,035 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,035 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Isopropyl nitrate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,036 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Propylene glycol | | style="text-align:center;"| Propylene glycol | ||
Line 831: | Line 939: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,044 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,044 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Butylated hydroxytoluene | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,048 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Acetic acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Acetic acid | ||
Line 847: | Line 959: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,062 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,062 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Thiophene | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,064.94 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium borohydride | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium borohydride | ||
Line 867: | Line 983: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,090 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,090 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Quinoline | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,093 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Safrole | | style="text-align:center;"| Safrole | ||
Line 887: | Line 1,007: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,101 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,101 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Liquid, at −37°C (saturation) | | style="text-align:center;"| Liquid, at −37°C (saturation) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Diphenylmethanol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,103 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Peracetic acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Peracetic acid | ||
Line 895: | Line 1,019: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,104 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,104 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethyl nitrate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,108.4 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| N-Allylthiourea | | style="text-align:center;"| N-Allylthiourea | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,110 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Benzophenone | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,110 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,110 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
Line 907: | Line 1,039: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,115 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,115 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Triethanolamine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,124.2 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| PLX (Picatinny Liquid Explosive) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,130 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Formamide | | style="text-align:center;"| Formamide | ||
Line 919: | Line 1,059: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,137.1 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,137.1 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC<ref>Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-414</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 ºC<ref>Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 94th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2013-2014, p. 3-414</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Glyoxal | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,140 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Liquid, at 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Peracetic acid (38-40%) | | style="text-align:center;"| Peracetic acid (38-40%) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,140 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,140 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Chloroacetone | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,150 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 939: | Line 1,087: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,155 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,155 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Acetamide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,159 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Furfural | | style="text-align:center;"| Furfural | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,159.4 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,159.4 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium hypochlorite | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,160 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2-Nitrotoluene | | style="text-align:center;"| 2-Nitrotoluene | ||
Line 979: | Line 1,135: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,190 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,190 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Porras Gutierrez, Ana Gabriela; Zeitouny, Joceline; Gomila, Antoine; Douziech, Benedicte; Cosquer, Nathalie; Conan, Francoise; Reinaud, Olivia; Hapiot, Philippe; Le Mest, Yves; Lagrost, Corinne; Le Poul, Nicolas; Dalton Transactions; vol. 43; nb. 17; (2014); p. 6436 - 6445</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Porras Gutierrez, Ana Gabriela; Zeitouny, Joceline; Gomila, Antoine; Douziech, Benedicte; Cosquer, Nathalie; Conan, Francoise; Reinaud, Olivia; Hapiot, Philippe; Le Mest, Yves; Lagrost, Corinne; Le Poul, Nicolas; Dalton Transactions; vol. 43; nb. 17; (2014); p. 6436 - 6445</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Triphenylphosphine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,194 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Methanediol | | style="text-align:center;"| Methanediol | ||
Line 987: | Line 1,147: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,199 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,199 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Triphenylmethanol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,199 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Quinine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,200 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2-Chloroethanol | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,201 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Chromic acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Chromic acid | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,201 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,201 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Sorbic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,204 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Lactic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,206 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 4-Aminoantipyrine | | style="text-align:center;"| 4-Aminoantipyrine | ||
Line 1,003: | Line 1,183: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,207.5 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,207.5 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Cowley; Partington; Journal of the Chemical Society; (1933); p. 1252</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Cowley; Partington; Journal of the Chemical Society; (1933); p. 1252</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Trimethyl phosphate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,214.4 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Acetone peroxide | | style="text-align:center;"| Acetone peroxide | ||
Line 1,011: | Line 1,195: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,220 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,220 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hypophosphorous acid (50%) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,220 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 50% wt. aq. solution | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Hydroxylamine | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydroxylamine | ||
Line 1,023: | Line 1,211: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,230 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,230 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Propylene glycol dinitrate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,232 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium aluminium hydride | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium aluminium hydride | ||
Line 1,043: | Line 1,235: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,261 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,261 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | | style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Sulfolane | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,261 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Carbon disulfide | | style="text-align:center;"| Carbon disulfide | ||
Line 1,051: | Line 1,247: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,265.9 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,265.9 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 15 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 15 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Glyoxal (40% aq. solution) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,270 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium formate | | style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium formate | ||
Line 1,057: | Line 1,257: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Methyl orange | | style="text-align:center;"| Methyl orange | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,280 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Resorcinol | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,280 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,280 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
Line 1,067: | Line 1,271: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,290 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,290 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 22 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 22 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Nitronium tetrafluoroborate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,290 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Aluminium chloride (hexahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Aluminium chloride (hexahydrate) | ||
Line 1,095: | Line 1,303: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,311 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,311 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Pressurized | | style="text-align:center;"| Pressurized | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ferulic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,316 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,4-Benzoquinone | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,4-Benzoquinone | ||
Line 1,107: | Line 1,319: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,320 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,320 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Thioglycolic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,325.3 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Dichloromethane | | style="text-align:center;"| Dichloromethane | ||
Line 1,127: | Line 1,343: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,354 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,354 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium sorbate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,363 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Fluoroacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,369 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Hydrazine sulfate | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydrazine sulfate | ||
Line 1,155: | Line 1,379: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,400 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,400 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Nicotinamide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,400 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sulfur dioxide (liquid) | | style="text-align:center;"| Sulfur dioxide (liquid) | ||
Line 1,161: | Line 1,389: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Urea peroxide | | style="text-align:center;"| Urea peroxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,400 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Warfarin | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,400 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,400 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
Line 1,170: | Line 1,402: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Chlorobutanol | | style="text-align:center;"| Chlorobutanol | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,404 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,404 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Thiourea | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,405 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 1,175: | Line 1,411: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,410 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,410 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Anthranilic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,412 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ethylene glycol dinitrate<ref>Lide, D.R. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 88TH Edition 2007-2008. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL 2007, p. 3-232</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethylene glycol dinitrate<ref>Lide, D.R. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 88TH Edition 2007-2008. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL 2007, p. 3-232</ref> | ||
Line 1,183: | Line 1,423: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,420 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,420 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Juglone | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,420 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C<ref>Borovikov; Sivachek; Makovetskii; Novikov; Borovikov; Russian Journal of General Chemistry; vol. 67; nb. 6; (1997); p. 936 - 941</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium sulfide (nonahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium sulfide (nonahydrate) | ||
Line 1,203: | Line 1,447: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,438 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,438 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hypophosphorous acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,439 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Anhydrous | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Nitrogen dioxide (liquid) | | style="text-align:center;"| Nitrogen dioxide (liquid) | ||
Line 1,215: | Line 1,463: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,445 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,445 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Dinitrogen trioxide (liquid) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,447 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Dextrin | | style="text-align:center;"| Dextrin | ||
Line 1,266: | Line 1,518: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Niacin | | style="text-align:center;"| Niacin | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,473 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,473 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Oxalyl chloride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,478.5 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 1,287: | Line 1,543: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,489 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,489 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Glycolic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,490 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Hydrobromic acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydrobromic acid | ||
Line 1,308: | Line 1,568: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| | + | | style="text-align:center;"| Fuming nitric acid |
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,500 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,500 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| | + | | style="text-align:center;"| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| | + | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydrazine monohydrochloride |
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,500 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,500 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Starch | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,500 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Compact | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Fluorine (liquid) | | style="text-align:center;"| Fluorine (liquid) | ||
Line 1,363: | Line 1,627: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,525 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,525 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Difluoroacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,526 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium acetate (anhydrous) | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium acetate (anhydrous) | ||
Line 1,411: | Line 1,679: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,562.5 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,562.5 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At boiling point | | style="text-align:center;"| At boiling point | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Dichloroacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,563.4 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium chloride (hexahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium chloride (hexahydrate) | ||
Line 1,431: | Line 1,703: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,580 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,580 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Crystal<ref>''Regenerated Cellulose Fibres'', Calvin Woodings, Textile Institute (Manchester, England), 2001, p .212</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| Crystal<ref>''Regenerated Cellulose Fibres'', Calvin Woodings, Textile Institute (Manchester, England), 2001, p .212</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Chloroacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,580 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Kojic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,580 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf502159m Li, Ying; Teng, Zi; Parkin, Kirk L.; Wang, Qin; Zhang, Qingli; Luo, Wei; Ma, Deyun; Zhao, Mouming; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; vol. 62; nb. 33; (2014); p. 8392 - 8401]</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium dithionite (dihydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium dithionite (dihydrate) | ||
Line 1,487: | Line 1,767: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,622 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,622 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | | style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Trichloroacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,630 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Potassium hydrogen phthalate | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium hydrogen phthalate | ||
Line 1,496: | Line 1,780: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 13th Edition, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2001., p. 1666</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 13th Edition, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2001., p. 1666</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| | + | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydrazine nitrate |
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,640 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Dinitrogen pentoxide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,642 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,642 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 18 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 18 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Iron(III) nitrate (nonahydrate) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,642.9 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Phosphoryl chloride | | style="text-align:center;"| Phosphoryl chloride | ||
Line 1,505: | Line 1,797: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ascorbic acid | | style="text-align:center;"| Ascorbic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,650 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethylenedinitramine | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,650 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,650 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
Line 1,531: | Line 1,827: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,668 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,668 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydroxylammonium chloride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,670 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sulfuryl chloride | | style="text-align:center;"| Sulfuryl chloride | ||
Line 1,543: | Line 1,843: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,679 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,679 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Iron(III) nitrate (hexahydrate) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,680 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium sulfate (heptahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium sulfate (heptahydrate) | ||
Line 1,575: | Line 1,879: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,700 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,700 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Thiourea dioxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,706 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1107/S0365110X62001851 Sullivan; Hargreaves; Acta Crystallographica; vol. 15; (1962); p. 675]</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Chromium(III) sulfate (octadecahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Chromium(III) sulfate (octadecahydrate) | ||
Line 1,589: | Line 1,897: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Aluminium nitrate (nonahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Aluminium nitrate (nonahydrate) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,720 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Aminoguanidine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,720 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium nitropruside | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,720 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,720 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
Line 1,631: | Line 1,947: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,740 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,740 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Rubidium hydroxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,740 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Inositol | | style="text-align:center;"| Inositol | ||
Line 1,673: | Line 1,993: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | | style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,800 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium sulfamate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,800 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,800 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
Line 1,683: | Line 2,007: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,810 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,810 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Dichlorine heptoxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,811 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Rosolovskii, V. Ya.; Zinov'ev, A. A.; Prokhorov, V. A.; Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii; vol. 5; (1960); p. 334 - 335; Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii; vol. 5; (1960); p. 692 - 694</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Iron(III) chloride (hexahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Iron(III) chloride (hexahydrate) | ||
Line 1,699: | Line 2,027: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,827 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,827 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Crystal density<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260409695_Explosive_Properties_of_Erythritol_Tetranitrate</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| Crystal density<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260409695_Explosive_Properties_of_Erythritol_Tetranitrate</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Styphnic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,829 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sulfuric acid (98%) | | style="text-align:center;"| Sulfuric acid (98%) | ||
Line 1,710: | Line 2,042: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium carbonate (trihydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium carbonate (trihydrate) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,837 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,837 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Fluoroboric acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,840 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydroxylammonium nitrate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,840 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 1,747: | Line 2,087: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,870 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,870 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Predicted, at room temperature | | style="text-align:center;"| Predicted, at room temperature | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium tetrafluoroborate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,871 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 15 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Boron phosphate | | style="text-align:center;"| Boron phosphate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,873 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,873 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| BPO4<ref>Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Dale L. Perry, 1995, p. 72</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| BPO4<ref>Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Dale L. Perry, 1995, p. 72</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydroxylammonium sulfate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,880 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Copper(II) acetate (monohydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Copper(II) acetate (monohydrate) | ||
Line 1,794: | Line 2,142: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,4-Dinitrobromobenzene | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,4-Dinitrobromobenzene | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,910 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,910 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| HMX | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,910 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C<ref>Liang, Lixuan; Cao, Dan; Song, Jinhong; Huang, Haifeng; Wang, Kai; Bian, Chengming; Dong, Xiao; Zhou, Zhiming; Journal of Materials Chemistry A; vol. 1; nb. 31; (2013); p. 8857 - 8865</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium nitrite | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,914.986 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 1,819: | Line 2,175: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,930 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,930 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| TATB (Triaminotrinitrobenzene) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,930 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ethyl iodide | | style="text-align:center;"| Ethyl iodide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,930.8 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,930.8 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Kibardin, A.M.; Gryaznov, P.I.; Gazizov, T.Kh.; Pudovik, A.N.; Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of Chemical Science (English Translation); vol. 33; nb. 10; (1984); p. 2166 - 2168; Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya; nb. 10; (1984); p. 2370 - 2373</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C<ref>Kibardin, A.M.; Gryaznov, P.I.; Gazizov, T.Kh.; Pudovik, A.N.; Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of Chemical Science (English Translation); vol. 33; nb. 10; (1984); p. 2166 - 2168; Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya; nb. 10; (1984); p. 2370 - 2373</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Bromoacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,934 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Iron(II) sulfate (hexahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Iron(II) sulfate (hexahydrate) | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,934 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,934 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydrazine perchlorate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,939 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ba-1966-0054.ch007 The Deflagration of Hydrazine Perchlorate, J. B. LEVYG. VON ELBER. FRIEDMANT. WALLINS. J. ADAMS, Advanced Propellant Chemistry, Chapter 7, p. 55-72]</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Cobalt(II) sulfate (heptahydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Cobalt(II) sulfate (heptahydrate) | ||
Line 1,871: | Line 2,239: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,000 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,000 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hydroxylammonium perchlorate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,060 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>https://www.docdroid.net/vugHRJ9/atlantic-research-corporation-research-on-the-deflagration-of-high-energy-solid-oxidizers.pdf</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 5-(4-Dimethylaminobenzylidene)rhodanine | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,009 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 23 °C<ref>Casas, Jose S.; Macias, Alejandro; Playa, Nuria; Sanchez, Agustin; Sordo, Jose; Varela, Jose M.; Polyhedron; vol. 11; (1992); p. 2231 - 2236</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Cadmium acetate (dihydrate) | | style="text-align:center;"| Cadmium acetate (dihydrate) | ||
Line 1,895: | Line 2,271: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,025.6 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,025.6 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium bisulfite (72% aq. sol.) | | style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium bisulfite (72% aq. sol.) | ||
Line 1,907: | Line 2,279: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,030 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,030 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,044 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Potassium hydroxide | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium hydroxide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,044 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,044 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Nickel(II) nitrate (hexahydrate) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,050 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 1,939: | Line 2,319: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,080 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,080 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Boron nitride (hexagonal) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,100 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Phosphorus pentachloride | | style="text-align:center;"| Phosphorus pentachloride | ||
Line 2,015: | Line 2,399: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,200 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,200 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Iodoacetic acid | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,200 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Polytetrafluoroethylene | | style="text-align:center;"| Polytetrafluoroethylene | ||
Line 2,075: | Line 2,463: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,266 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,266 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Manganese(II) chloride (dihydrate) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,270 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium oxide | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium oxide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,270 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,270 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Boron nitride (amorphous) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,280 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Methyl iodide | | style="text-align:center;"| Methyl iodide | ||
Line 2,141: | Line 2,537: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Red phosphorus | | style="text-align:center;"| Red phosphorus | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,340 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium oxalate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,340 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,340 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
Line 2,191: | Line 2,591: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,413 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,413 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At boiling point | | style="text-align:center;"| At boiling point | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ammonium chlorate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,420 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Potassium carbonate | | style="text-align:center;"| Potassium carbonate | ||
Line 2,282: | Line 2,686: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Sodium fluoride | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium fluoride | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,558 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,558 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Magnesium diboride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,570 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 2,383: | Line 2,791: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,780 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,780 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Rubidium chloride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,800 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Scandium (liquid) | | style="text-align:center;"| Scandium (liquid) | ||
Line 2,411: | Line 2,823: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,830 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,830 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Aragonite | | style="text-align:center;"| Aragonite | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Basic lead picrate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,831 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>https://archive.org/stream/Megalomanias_Controversial_Chemlab_12-08-2004/Megalomanias_Controversial_Chemlab_12-08-2004_djvu.txt</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Aluminium phosphide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,850 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Phosphorus tribromide | | style="text-align:center;"| Phosphorus tribromide | ||
Line 2,434: | Line 2,854: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Zinc chloride | | style="text-align:center;"| Zinc chloride | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,907 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,907 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Barium azide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,936 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 2,499: | Line 2,923: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 3,102.8 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,102.8 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | | style="text-align:center;"| Standard conditions | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Iodine trichloride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,110 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 15 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Calcium chromate | | style="text-align:center;"| Calcium chromate | ||
Line 2,587: | Line 3,015: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 3,430 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,430 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Boron nitride (cubic) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,450 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Boron nitride (wurtzite) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,490 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At standard conditions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Cobalt(II) chloride (anhydrous) | | style="text-align:center;"| Cobalt(II) chloride (anhydrous) | ||
Line 2,650: | Line 3,086: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Strontium carbonate | | style="text-align:center;"| Strontium carbonate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 3,740 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,740 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Barium permanganate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,770 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Sodium molybdate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,780 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 2,675: | Line 3,119: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 3,950 | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,950 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Strontium sulfate | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,960 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Caesium chloride | | style="text-align:center;"| Caesium chloride | ||
Line 2,763: | Line 3,211: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 4,400 | | style="text-align:center;"| 4,400 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At boiling point | | style="text-align:center;"| At boiling point | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Silver azide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 4,420 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Mercury(II) fulminate | | style="text-align:center;"| Mercury(II) fulminate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 4,420 | | style="text-align:center;"| 4,420 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Silver nitrite | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 4,453 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 25 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Yttrium | | style="text-align:center;"| Yttrium | ||
Line 2,818: | Line 3,274: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Barium manganate | | style="text-align:center;"| Barium manganate | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 4,850 | | style="text-align:center;"| 4,850 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Osmium tetroxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 4,900 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 2,830: | Line 3,290: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Iron(II,III) oxide | | style="text-align:center;"| Iron(II,III) oxide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 5,000 | | style="text-align:center;"| 5,000 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Yttrium(III) oxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 5,010 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 2,911: | Line 3,375: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 5,840 | | style="text-align:center;"| 5,840 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Dale L. Perry, 1995, p. 133</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Dale L. Perry, 1995, p. 133</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Lead(II) chloride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 5,850 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Silver(I) fluoride | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 5,852 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At 15 °C | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Gallium | | style="text-align:center;"| Gallium | ||
Line 2,946: | Line 3,418: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Lead(II) iodide | | style="text-align:center;"| Lead(II) iodide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 6,160 | | style="text-align:center;"| 6,160 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| | + | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C |
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Lanthanum | | style="text-align:center;"| Lanthanum | ||
Line 3,014: | Line 3,486: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Ytterbium | | style="text-align:center;"| Ytterbium | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 6,900 | | style="text-align:center;"| 6,900 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Cadmium oxide (amorphous) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 6,950 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | | style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 3,042: | Line 3,518: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Chromium | | style="text-align:center;"| Chromium | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 7,200 | | style="text-align:center;"| 7,200 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Cerium(IV) oxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 7,215 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 3,098: | Line 3,578: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Mercury sulfide | | style="text-align:center;"| Mercury sulfide | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 8,100 | | style="text-align:center;"| 8,100 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Cadmium oxide (crystalline) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 8,150 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | | style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 3,183: | Line 3,667: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 9,066 | | style="text-align:center;"| 9,066 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | | style="text-align:center;"| At room temperature | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Ytterbium(III) oxide | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 9,170 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Polonium (alpha) | | style="text-align:center;"| Polonium (alpha) | ||
Line 3,414: | Line 3,902: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,000 - 2,100 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,000 - 2,100 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Solid a.k.a. skeletal density | | style="text-align:center;"| Solid a.k.a. skeletal density | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Agar (bulk) | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 550 - 600 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Agate | | style="text-align:center;"| Agate | ||
Line 3,454: | Line 3,946: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,400 - 3,100 | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,400 - 3,100 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Beeswax | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 958 - 970 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Relative density at 15 °C<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128021040000226</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Beryllium copper | | style="text-align:center;"| Beryllium copper | ||
Line 3,506: | Line 4,002: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,300 - 1,400 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,300 - 1,400 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>http://www.gelatin-gmia.com/images/GMIA_Gelatin_Manual_2012.pdf</ref> | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>http://www.gelatin-gmia.com/images/GMIA_Gelatin_Manual_2012.pdf</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Gum arabic | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,350-1,490 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| <ref>http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Gum_arabic</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Kerosene | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 780 - 810 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Mineral oil (heavy) | | style="text-align:center;"| Mineral oil (heavy) | ||
Line 3,514: | Line 4,018: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 830 - 880 | | style="text-align:center;"| 830 - 880 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | | style="text-align:center;"| At 20 °C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| Naphtha | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 750 - 850 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| Oak | | style="text-align:center;"| Oak | ||
Line 4,022: | Line 4,530: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| -100 | | style="text-align:center;"| -100 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 927 | | style="text-align:center;"| 927 | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Iodine trichloride==== | ||
+ | {|class="wikitable" | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +15 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,110 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| -40 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 3,203 | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 4,236: | Line 4,756: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| +20 | | style="text-align:center;"| +20 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,300 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,300 | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Phthalic anhydride==== | ||
+ | {|class="wikitable" | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +135 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,200 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +20 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,530 | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 4,250: | Line 4,782: | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | ==== | + | ====Propylene oxide==== |
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ||
! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| +20 | | style="text-align:center;"| +20 | ||
− | | style="text-align:center;"| | + | | style="text-align:center;"| 830.4 |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +0 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 859 | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Rubidium chloride==== | ||
+ | {|class="wikitable" | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +750 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,088 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +25 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 2,800 | ||
====Silver nitrate==== | ====Silver nitrate==== | ||
Line 4,329: | Line 4,872: | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 0 | | style="text-align:center;"| 0 | ||
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,676 | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,676 | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Thiophene==== | ||
+ | {|class="wikitable" | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +25 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,051 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +20 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,064.94 | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Trimethyl phosphate==== | ||
+ | {|class="wikitable" | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Temperature (°C) | ||
+ | ! style="text-align:center;"| Density (kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +25 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,197 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| +20 | ||
+ | | style="text-align:center;"| 1,214.4 | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 16:23, 26 September 2020
This article is a stub. Please help Sciencemadness Wiki by expanding it, adding pictures, and improving existing text.
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The term density is the mass of a substance per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ, and sometimes the letter D can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume:
- ρ = m/V
Where m = mass of the substance, V = volume.
Density is measured in g/cm3 or kg/m3.
The density of a substance is influenced by a variety of factors, such as pressure or temperature. They have little influence for most solid materials, but there's a significant effect on the density of solids and fluids.
Density is calculated depending on the type of material:
- Homogeneous materials: The density at all regions of a homogeneous object equals its total mass divided by its total volume.
- Heterogeneous materials: The density varies between different regions of the object. The density of heterogeneous materials is calculated by determining the densities of many small volumes around various locations of the said material.
- Non-compact materials: Materials such as flakes, pellets, granules or powders contain voids, such as air, water or other fluids. The density of such materials is determined by multiple methods, such as pycnometer method or mathematical expressions for various geometric shapes.
Contents
- 1 List of densities
- 1.1 Common densities
- 1.2 Density ranges for heterogeneous materials
- 1.3 Density of materials at different temperatures
- 1.3.1 Air
- 1.3.2 Ammonia
- 1.3.3 Ammonium acetate
- 1.3.4 Antimony(III) chloride
- 1.3.5 Argon
- 1.3.6 Benzaldehyde
- 1.3.7 Biuret
- 1.3.8 Butyric acid
- 1.3.9 Carbon dioxide
- 1.3.10 Carbon disulfide
- 1.3.11 Carbon monoxide
- 1.3.12 Carbon tetrachloride
- 1.3.13 Chloroform
- 1.3.14 Chromyl chloride
- 1.3.15 Dimethyl ether
- 1.3.16 Ethyl formate
- 1.3.17 Helium
- 1.3.18 Hydrazine
- 1.3.19 Hydrogen
- 1.3.20 Hydrogen fluoride
- 1.3.21 Ice
- 1.3.22 Iodine trichloride
- 1.3.23 Manganese heptoxide
- 1.3.24 Methane
- 1.3.25 Methanol
- 1.3.26 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
- 1.3.27 Methyl formate
- 1.3.28 NaK
- 1.3.29 Naphthalene
- 1.3.30 Nitrogen
- 1.3.31 Oxygen
- 1.3.32 Pentanol
- 1.3.33 Peracetic acid (40%)
- 1.3.34 Perchloric acid
- 1.3.35 Phenolphthalein
- 1.3.36 Phthalic anhydride
- 1.3.37 Potassium hydroxide
- 1.3.38 Propylene oxide
- 1.3.39 Rubidium chloride
- 1.3.40 Silver nitrate
- 1.3.41 Silver sulfate
- 1.3.42 Sodium bisulfite
- 1.3.43 Sulfur dichloride
- 1.3.44 Thionyl chloride
- 1.3.45 Thiophene
- 1.3.46 Trimethyl phosphate
- 1.3.47 Water
- 2 References
List of densities
Common densities
Material | Density (kg/m3) | Notes |
---|---|---|
Hydrogen | 0.08988 | At 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Helium | 0.146 | At 300 K and 101.325 kPa |
Aerographite | 0.2 | The air inside is excluded |
Ammonia (gas) | 0.73 | At 1.013 bar at 15 °C |
Neon (gas) | 0.9 | At 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Metallic microlattice | 0.9 | The air inside is excluded |
Aerogel | 1.0 | The air inside is excluded |
Ethane (gas) | 1.0493 | At 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Acetylene (gas) | 1.106 | At 15 °C[1] |
Carbon monoxide (gas) | 1.145 | At 25 °C, 1 atm |
Ethylene (gas) | 1.178 | At 15 °C |
Nitrogen (gas) | 1.251 | At 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Air | 1.29 | At 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Oxygen (gas) | 1.308 | At 300 K (27 °C) |
Nitric oxide (gas) | 1.3402 | At standard conditions |
Nitrosyl chloride (gas) | 1.36 | At -5.7 °C |
Hydrogen sulfide (gas) | 1.363 | At standard conditions |
Phosphine (gas) | 1.379 | At 25 °C |
Methylamine (gas) | 1.4 | At atmospheric pressure |
Hydrogen chloride (gas) | 1.693 | At standard conditions[2] |
Fluorine (gas) | 1.696 | 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Dinitrogen trioxide (gas) | 1.783 | |
Argon (gas) | 1.784 | 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Nitrous oxide (gas) | 1.8724 | At 15 °C and 1.013 bar |
Carbon dioxide (gas) | 1.977 | At 1 atm and 0 °C |
Carbon dioxide (gas) | 1.977 | At 1 atm and 0 °C |
Propane (gas) | 2.0098 | At 0 °C, 101.3 kPa |
Dimethyl ether (gas) | 2.1146 | At 1 atm and 0 °C |
Ozone (gas) | 2.144 | At 0 °C |
Chloromethane (gas) | 2.3065 | At 0 °C |
Cyanogen | 2.321 | At 0 °C |
Butane (gas) | 2.489 | n-Butane, at 20 °C and 1.013 bar |
Sulfur dioxide (gas) | 2.619 | At standard conditions |
Chlorine dioxide (gas) | 2.757 | |
Hydrogen iodide (gas) | 2.85 | At −47 °C |
Chlorine (gas) | 3.2 | 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Krypton (gas) | 3.749 | 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Phosgene (gas) | 4.248 | At 15 °C |
Xenon (gas) | 5.894 | 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Sulfur hexafluoride (gas) | 6.164 | At 1 bar and 20 °C |
Radon (gas) | 9.73 | 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Tungsten hexafluoride (gas) | 12.4 | Standard conditions |
Freon 12 (gas) | 36.83 | Standard conditions |
Hydrogen (liquid) | 70 | At –255 °C |
Styrofoam | 75 | Average type of styrofoam |
Hydrogen (slush) | 85 | At -259 °C |
Hydrogen (solid) | 86 | At <−259.14 °C |
Helium (liquid) | 147 | At 4 K |
Balsa | 200 | Average density |
Cork | 240 | Average type of cork |
Pumice | 250 | Average density |
Alfalfa (ground) | 256 | [3] |
Diatomaceous earth (powdered) | 256 | At standard conditions |
Pine | 373 | |
Asbestos fibers | 400 | |
Grain (oat) | 410 | |
Methane (liquid) | 422.62 | At 111.5 K |
Ethane (liquid) | 446 | At 0 °C and 101.325 kPa |
Lithium | 535 | |
Corn starch (loosely packed) | 540 | Negligible moisture |
Grain (rice, rough) | 580 | |
Propane (liquid) | 590 | At -50 °C |
Grain (barley) | 620 | |
Pentane | 626.2 | n-Pentane, at 20 °C |
Corn starch (tightly packed) | 630 | Negligible moisture |
Grain (millet) | 640 | |
Hexane | 659 | n-Hexane, at 20 °C |
Methylamine (liquid) | 662.4 | At 25 °C[4] |
Lithium borohydride | 666 | |
Ammonia (liquid) | 681.9 | At boiling point |
Heptane | 683.8 | n-Heptane, at 20 °C |
Hydrogen cyanide | 687 | |
Isopropylamine | 689.1 | At 20 °C |
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane | 691.94 | At 20°C[5] |
Acetylene (liquid) | 693 | At atmospheric pressure |
Wood | 700 | Seasoned, typical |
Octane | 703 | n-octane, at 20 °C |
Oak | 710 | Quercus robur timber |
Diethyl ether | 713.4 | At 20 °C |
Nonane | 718 | n-nonane, at 20 °C |
Grain (rye) | 720 | |
Grain (corn, shelled) | 720 | |
Aluminium silicate | 721 | |
Diisopropyl ether | 725.8 | At 20 °C |
Triethylamine | 727.5 | At 20 °C |
Decane | 730 | n-decane, at 20 °C |
Dimethyl ether (liquid) | 735 | At -25 °C |
Trimethylphosphine | 738 | At 20 °C |
Methyl tert-butyl ether | 740.5 | At 20 °C |
Grain (rice, hulled) | 750 | |
Alum (pulverized) | 753 | |
Di-tert-butyl ether | 764.2 | At 20 °C[6] |
Dibutyl ether | 768.27 | At 20 °C[7] |
Grain (flax) | 770 | |
Grain (wheat) | 770 | |
RP-1 | 773 | At 25 °C |
Cyclohexane | 778.1 | At 20 °C |
tert-Butanol | 778.6 | Solid, at 20°C[8] |
Lithium hydride | 780 | [9] |
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine | 783 | At 25°C |
Acetonitrile | 786 | Anhydrous, at 25 °C[10] |
Isopropanol | 786 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
Carbon monoxide (liquid) | 789 | At boiling point |
Ethanol | 789 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
Acetone | 790 | Anhydrous |
Methanol | 791.5 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
Diesel | 800 | At standard conditions |
Ethanol 96% | 801.38 | At 20 °C[11] |
Isobutanol | 802 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
Gasoline | 803 | Average type, standard conditions |
Propanol | 805.3 | n-Propanol, at 20 °C |
Methyl ethyl ketone | 806 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
sec-Butanol | 806.3 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
Nitrogen (liquid) | 808 | At boiling point |
tert-Amyl alcohol | 809.6 | At 20 °C |
Butanol | 809.8 | n-Butanol, at 20 °C |
Kerosene | 810 | At standard conditions, standard composition |
Pentanol | 814.6 | n-Pentanol, at 20 °C |
Formaldehyde | 815.3 | At −20 °C |
2-Octanone | 820 | At 20 °C[12] |
Lithium-6 deuteride | 820 | |
UH25 | 829 | At 25 °C |
Propylene oxide | 830.4 | At 20 °C |
Acrolein | 839 | |
Limonene | 841.1 | Average, at 20 °C |
ANFO (bulk) | 850 | Average, at standard conditions |
tert-Butyl chloride | 851 | At 25 °C |
Allyl alcohol | 854 | At 25 °C |
Triethyl borate | 858 | |
α-Pinene | 858 | At 20 °C |
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | 860 | At 20 °C |
Potassium | 860 | |
Xylene (mixture) | 860 | Mixture of isomers, at 20 °C |
Xylene (para) | 861.04 | At 20°C |
Octyl acetate | 863 | |
Xylene (meta) | 864 | At 20°C |
NaK (eutectic) | 866 | At 20°C; 77% K and 23% Na |
Sodium ethoxide (21% EtOH solution) | 868 | |
Isopropyl nitrite | 868.4 | |
Toluene | 867 | At 20°C |
Benzene | 870 | At standard conditions |
Monomethylhydrazine | 874 | At 20°C |
Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine | 880 | |
Xylene (orto) | 880.1 | At 20°C |
Alum (lumpy) | 881 | |
Butyl acetate | 882.5 | n-Butyl acetate, at 20°C[13] |
Ethylene oxide | 882.6 | At 10°C |
Tetrahydrofuran | 887.49 | At 20°C |
Menthol | 890 | Racemic or (−)-isomer |
Decalin | 896 | Racemic, at 20 °C |
Ethylenediamine | 900 | At 20 °C |
Grain (corn, ear) | 900 | |
Aerozine 50 | 900 | At 25°C |
Paraffin wax | 900 | At 20°C |
Ethyl acetate | 900.3 | At 20 °C[14] |
Methyl isobutyl ketone | 902 | At 20 °C |
Styrene | 906 | At 20 °C |
Mayonnaise (traditional) | 910 | Traditional recipe |
Butter | 911 | |
Peanut oil | 914 | |
Palm oil | 915 | |
Trimethyl borate | 915 | At standard conditions |
Ice | 916.7 | At 0 °C |
Ethyl formate | 918 | At 20 °C |
Lithium aluminium hydride | 917 | |
Olive oil | 918 | |
Body fat | 918 | |
Lard | 919 | |
Corn oil | 922 | |
Eucalyptol | 922.5 | |
Coconut oil | 924 | |
Soya oil | 927 | |
Phenylacetylene | 928.1 | At 25 °C |
Nitrous oxide (liquid) | 931 | At 0 °C at 31.1 bar |
Dimethyl dioxane | 932 | At 20 °C[15] |
Methyl acetate | 934.2 | At 20 ºC |
Curcumin | 934.8 | At 15 ºC |
Pentanoic acid | 939 | n-Pentanoic acid, at 20 ºC |
Dimethylformamide | 945 | At 20 ºC |
Ricinoleic acid | 945 | At 20 ºC[16] |
Cyclohexanone | 947.8 | At 20 ºC |
Beeswax | 961 | Average density of most types of beeswax |
Butyric acid | 952.8 | At 25 ºC |
Cyclohexanol | 962.4 | At 20 ºC |
Methyl cellosolve | 965 | At 20 ºC |
Sodium | 970 | |
Tetralin | 970 | At 20 ºC |
Furan | 973.1 | At 20 ºC |
Methyl formate | 980 | At 20 °C |
Benzylamine | 981 | At 20 °C |
Pyridine | 982.72 | At 20 °C |
Propionic acid | 987.97 | |
Hydrogen fluoride (liquid) | 990 | At 19.5 °C |
Camphor | 992 | |
Silicone | 993 | |
Milk (cow, heavy cream) | 994 | |
Anisole | 995 | |
Ammonium sulfide | 997 | |
Ferroin (0.1% solution) | 999 | At 25 °C |
Mayonnaise (light) | 1,000 | |
Water | 1,000 | At 4 °C |
Chloric acid | 1,000 | Estimated |
Chloromethane (liquid) | 1,003 | At -23.8 °C |
Saline water | 1,004 | (0.9% NaCl) |
Phenol | 1,007 | |
Pilsner (beer) | 1,008 | At standard conditions |
Hydrazine | 1,008.5 | At 20 °C |
Nicotine | 1,009.25 | At 20 °C |
Benzonitrile | 1,010 | At 20 °C |
Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 1,010 | |
Borneol | 1,011 | At 20 °C |
Milk (cow, light cream) | 1,012 | |
Propionic anhydride | 1,015 | At 20 °C |
Ethanolamine | 1,016.43 | At 20 °C |
Phenethyl alcohol | 1,017 | At 20 °C |
Aniline | 1,021.7 | At 20 °C |
Sea water | 1,025 | Average density at the surface |
Naphthalene | 1,025.3 | At 20 °C |
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone | 1,027 | At 25 °C |
Acetophenone | 1,028 | |
Hexamethylphosphoramide | 1,030 | At 20 °C |
Milk (cow, whole) | 1,030 | At 20 °C |
1,4-Dioxane | 1,032.9 | At 20 °C[17] |
Milk (cow, skim) | 1,033 | |
Aluminium isopropoxide | 1,035 | |
Blood | 1,035 | |
Isopropyl nitrate | 1,036 | At 20 °C |
Propylene glycol | 1,036.1 | At 20 °C |
Benzaldehyde | 1,044 | At 20 °C |
Benzyl alcohol | 1,044 | At 20 °C |
Butylated hydroxytoluene | 1,048 | |
Acetic acid | 1,050 | |
Skin | 1,050 | |
Nitroethane | 1,054 | |
Human body (average) | 1,062 | |
Thiophene | 1,064.94 | At 20 °C |
Sodium borohydride | 1,074 | |
Sulfanilamide | 1,080 | At standard conditions |
Acetic anhydride | 1,082 | At 20 °C[18] |
Formalin | 1,090 | 37% aqueous solution, at 25 °C |
Hydrazoic acid | 1,090 | At 25 °C |
Quinoline | 1,093 | At 20 °C |
Safrole | 1,100 | |
Nitrous acid | 1,100 | ±0.1 kg/m3 (1.1 for maximum possible concentration) |
Benzyl chloride | 1,100.4 | At 20 °C |
Dimethyl sulfoxide | 1,100.4 | At 20 °C |
Carbon dioxide (liquid) | 1,101 | Liquid, at −37°C (saturation) |
Diphenylmethanol | 1,103 | |
Peracetic acid | 1,103.7 | At 20 °C[19] |
Acetyl chloride | 1,104 | |
Ethyl nitrate | 1,108.4 | At 20 °C |
N-Allylthiourea | 1,110 | At 20 °C |
Benzophenone | 1,110 | At 20 °C |
Sodium hypochlorite | 1,110 | |
Ethylene glycol | 1,115 | At 20 ºC |
Triethanolamine | 1,124.2 | At 20 ºC |
PLX (Picatinny Liquid Explosive) | 1,130 | At standard conditions |
Formamide | 1,133 | At 20 ºC |
Triethyl citrate | 1,136.9 | At 20 ºC |
Nitromethane | 1,137.1 | At 20 ºC[20] |
Glyoxal | 1,140 | Liquid, at 20 °C |
Peracetic acid (38-40%) | 1,140 | At 20 °C |
Chloroacetone | 1,150 | At 20 °C |
Hydrogen fluoride (gas) | 1,150 | At 25 °C |
Hydrofluoric acid | 1,150 | At 20 °C, 48% w/w aqueous solution |
Nylon | 1,150 | |
Oxygen (liquid) | 1,155 | |
Acetamide | 1,159 | At 20 °C |
Furfural | 1,159.4 | At 20 °C |
Potassium hypochlorite | 1,160 | |
2-Nitrotoluene | 1,161.1 | At 19°C |
Ammonium acetate | 1,170 | At 20 °C |
Benzocaine | 1,170 | |
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide | 1,170 | At 20 °C |
Plastics | 1,175 | Approx. for PP, PETE and PVC |
Dicyanoacetylene | 1,176 | |
Methyl salicylate | 1,184 | At 25 °C |
Hydrochloric acid | 1,189 | At 20 °C, 38% w/w aqueous solution |
Propylene carbonate | 1,190 | At 20 °C[21] |
Triphenylphosphine | 1,194 | At 20 °C |
Methanediol | 1,199 | |
Nitrobenzene | 1,199 | |
Triphenylmethanol | 1,199 | |
Quinine | 1,200 | |
2-Chloroethanol | 1,201 | At 25 °C |
Chromic acid | 1,201 | |
Sorbic acid | 1,204 | At 20 °C |
Lactic acid | 1,206 | At 20 °C |
4-Aminoantipyrine | 1,207 | |
Neon (liquid) | 1,207 | At boiling point |
Methyl nitrate | 1,207.5 | At 20 °C[22] |
Trimethyl phosphate | 1,214.4 | At 20 °C |
Acetone peroxide | 1,220 | Trimer[23] |
Formic acid | 1,220 | At 20 °C |
Hypophosphorous acid (50%) | 1,220 | 50% wt. aq. solution |
Hydroxylamine | 1,227 | At 20 °C |
Caffeine | 1,230 | |
Nitrocellulose | 1,230 | |
Propylene glycol dinitrate | 1,232 | At 20 °C |
Sodium aluminium hydride | 1,240 | |
1,4-Dichlorobenzene | 1,247.5 | At 20 °C |
Bromothymol blue | 1,250 | |
1,2-Dichloroethane | 1,253.1 | At 20 °C[24] |
Glycerol | 1,261 | Standard conditions |
Sulfolane | 1,261 | At 25 °C |
Carbon disulfide | 1,263.2 | At 20 °C[25] |
Benzoic acid | 1,265.9 | At 15 °C |
Glyoxal (40% aq. solution) | 1,270 | At 20 °C |
Ammonium formate | 1,280 | At 25 °C[26] |
Methyl orange | 1,280 | |
Resorcinol | 1,280 | |
Chloric acid (heptahydrate) | 1,282 | T<40 °C[27] |
Guanidinium carbonate | 1,290 | At 22 °C |
Nitronium tetrafluoroborate | 1,290 | At 20 °C |
Aluminium chloride (hexahydrate) | 1,300 | |
ANFO (solid prill) | 1,300 | Average, at standard conditions |
Phenolphthalein | 1,300 | At 20 °C |
Sodium methoxide | 1,300 | |
Methyl red | 1,310 | |
Phenanthroline | 1,310 | |
Freon 12 (liquid) | 1,311 | Pressurized |
Ferulic acid | 1,316 | At 20 °C |
1,4-Benzoquinone | 1,318 | At 20 °C |
Cellulose acetate fibers | 1,320 | [28] |
Urea | 1,320 | |
Thioglycolic acid | 1,325.3 | At 20 °C |
Dichloromethane | 1,326.6 | At 20 °C |
Hexamine | 1,330 | |
Hydroquinone | 1,330 | |
Ammonium azide | 1,345.9 | At 20 °C |
Guanidinium chloride | 1,354 | At 20 °C |
Potassium sorbate | 1,363 | At 20 °C |
Fluoroacetic acid | 1,369 | |
Hydrazine sulfate | 1,378 | [29] |
Corn syrup | 1,380 | |
Sodium amide | 1,390 | At 20 °C |
Argon (liquid) | 1,395.4 | At boiling point |
Pentaerythritol | 1,396 | |
Sodium hydride | 1,396 | |
Acetylsalicylic acid | 1,400 | |
Nicotinamide | 1,400 | At 25 °C |
Sulfur dioxide (liquid) | 1,400 | At -10 °C |
Urea peroxide | 1,400 | |
Warfarin | 1,400 | |
Threitol | 1,401 | |
Chlorobutanol | 1,404 | |
Thiourea | 1,405 | |
Ammonium sulfite | 1,410 | At 25 °C |
Anthranilic acid | 1,412 | |
Ethylene glycol dinitrate[30] | 1,419.8 | At 20 ºC |
Honey | 1,420 | |
Juglone | 1,420 | At 25 °C[31] |
Sodium sulfide (nonahydrate) | 1,430 | |
Phosgene (liquid) | 1,432 | At 0 °C |
Boric acid | 1,435 | |
Guanidinium nitrate | 1,436 | |
Anthraquinone | 1,438 | At 20 °C |
Hypophosphorous acid | 1,439 | Anhydrous |
Nitrogen dioxide (liquid) | 1,440 | At 20 °C |
Salycilic acid | 1,443 | At 20 °C |
Dinitrogen tetroxide | 1,445 | At 20 °C |
Dinitrogen trioxide (liquid) | 1,447 | |
Dextrin | 1,450 | Average |
Hydrogen peroxide | 1,450 | Pure, at 20 °C |
Erythritol | 1,450 | |
Sodium acetate (trihydrate) | 1,450 | At 20 °C |
Lithium hydroxide (anhydrous) | 1,460 | |
Sodium carbonate (decahydrate) | 1,460 | |
Rubidium (liquid) | 1,460 | At melting point |
Magnesium nitrate (hexahydrate) | 1,464 | At standard conditions |
Sodium sulfate (decahydrate) | 1,464 | |
Trichloroethylene | 1,464.2 | At 20 °C |
Galactitol | 1,466 | At 15 °C |
Biuret | 1,467 | |
Niacin | 1,473 | |
Oxalyl chloride | 1,478.5 | |
Sodium bisulfite | 1,480 | At 20 °C |
Sodium metabisulfite | 1,480 | |
Chloroform | 1,483.2 | At 20 °C[32] |
Sulfanilic acid | 1,485 | At 25 °C |
Sorbitol | 1,489 | |
Glycolic acid | 1,490 | At 25 °C |
Hydrobromic acid | 1,490 | 48% w/w aqueous solution |
Amatol | 1,500 | Average density |
Ammonium carbonate | 1,500 | At 20 °C |
Ammonium oxalate | 1,500 | At 20 °C |
Cellulose | 1,500 | |
Fuming nitric acid | 1,500 | |
Hydrazine monohydrochloride | 1,500 | |
Starch | 1,500 | Compact |
Fluorine (liquid) | 1,505 | At boiling point |
Cement (Portland) | 1,506 | Average density |
Calcium acetate | 1,509 | |
Lithium hydrate (monohydrate) | 1,510 | |
Sodium carbonate (heptahydrate) | 1,510 | |
Magnesium sulfate (undecahydrate) | 1,512 | |
1,2,4-Butanetriol trinitrate | 1,520 | At 25 °C[33] |
Mannitol | 1,520 | At 20 °C |
Potassium cyanide | 1,520 | |
Xylitol | 1,520 | |
Cement (Portland) clinker | 1,522 | Average density |
Ribitol | 1,525 | |
Difluoroacetic acid | 1,526 | At 25 °C |
Sodium acetate (anhydrous) | 1,528 | At 20 °C |
Phthalic anhydride | 1,530 | At 20 °C |
Trifluoroacetic acid | 1,531 | At 20 °C |
Rubidium | 1,532 | At room temperature |
Glutamic acid | 1,538 | L-Glutamic acid (at 20 °C) |
Glucose | 1,540 | D-glucose |
Citric acid (monohydrate) | 1,542 | At 18 °C |
Sucrose | 1,550 | |
Calcium | 1,550 | |
Sodium sulfite (heptahydrate) | 1,561 | |
Carbon dioxide (solid) | 1,562 | Dry ice, at at 1 atm and −78.5 °C |
Chlorine (liquid) | 1,562.5 | At boiling point |
Dichloroacetic acid | 1,563.4 | At 20 °C |
Magnesium chloride (hexahydrate) | 1,569 | |
Zinc peroxide | 1,570 | |
Succinic acid | 1,572 | At 20 °C |
Phosphorus trichloride | 1,574 | At 20 °C |
Cellulose II | 1,580 | Crystal[34] |
Chloroacetic acid | 1,580 | |
Kojic acid | 1,580 | At 20 °C[35] |
Sodium dithionite (dihydrate) | 1,580 | |
Sodium sulfide (pentahydrate) | 1,580 | |
Ammonium bicarbonate | 1,586 | |
Nitroglycerin | 1,593.1 | At 20 °C[36] |
Carbon tetrachloride | 1,594 | At 20 °C |
Sodium cyanide | 1,595.5 | At 20 °C |
Glycine | 1,600 | |
Guanidine | 1,600 | ±0.1 kg/m3 |
Fluorescein | 1,602 | |
Ozone (liquid) | 1,614 | At -195.4 °C |
Aluminium sulfate (octahydrate) | 1,620 | |
Monosodium glutamate | 1,620 | At 20 °C |
Sulfur dichloride | 1,621 | |
Tetrachloroethylene | 1,622 | Standard conditions |
Trichloroacetic acid | 1,630 | At 20 °C |
Potassium hydrogen phthalate | 1,636 | At 20 °C |
Thionyl chloride | 1,638 | At 20 °C[37] |
Hydrazine nitrate | 1,640 | |
Dinitrogen pentoxide | 1,642 | At 18 °C |
Iron(III) nitrate (nonahydrate) | 1,642.9 | At 20 °C |
Phosphoryl chloride | 1,645 | |
Ascorbic acid | 1,650 | |
Ethylenedinitramine | 1,650 | |
Nitrogen trichloride | 1,653 | [38] |
Oxalic acid (dihydrate) | 1,653 | |
Trinitrotoluene | 1,654 | 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene |
Citric acid (anhydrous) | 1,665 | |
Sodium thiosulfate | 1,667 | |
Carbonic acid | 1,668 | |
Hydroxylammonium chloride | 1,670 | At 20 °C |
Sulfuryl chloride | 1,670 | At 20 °C |
Calcium gluconate (pentahydrate) | 1,674 | [39] |
Ammonium thiosulfate | 1,679 | At 25 °C |
Iron(III) nitrate (hexahydrate) | 1,680 | At 20 °C |
Magnesium sulfate (heptahydrate) | 1,680 | |
Phosphoric acid (85%) | 1,685 | Aqueous solution |
Disulfur dichloride | 1,688 | |
Ammonium nitrite | 1,690 | |
Lead(II) acetate (decahydrate) | 1,690 | |
Urea nitrate | 1,690 | |
Fructose | 1,694 | |
Calcium hydride | 1,700 | |
Thiourea dioxide | 1,706 | [40] |
Chromium(III) sulfate (octadecahydrate) | 1,709 | |
Calcium chloride (hexahydrate) | 1,710 | |
Nitroguanidine | 1,710 | |
Aluminium nitrate (nonahydrate) | 1,720 | |
Aminoguanidine | 1,720 | |
Sodium nitropruside | 1,720 | |
Ammonium nitrate | 1,725 | At 20 °C |
Fluorosulfuric acid | 1,726 | |
Titanium(IV) chloride | 1,726 | |
Borax | 1,730 | |
Magnesium carbonate (pentahydrate) | 1,730 | |
Mannitol hexanitrate | 1,730 | |
Sodium perborate | 1,730 | |
Tetryl | 1,730 | |
Zinc acetate (dihydrate) | 1,735 | |
Magnesium | 1,740 | |
Rubidium hydroxide | 1,740 | At 25 °C |
Inositol | 1,752 | |
Methylene blue | 1,757 | At 20 °C |
Chromium(III) chloride (hexahydrate) | 1,760 | At 20 °C |
Picric acid | 1,763 | |
Ammonium sulfate | 1.769 | At 20 °C |
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate | 1,770 | At 20 °C |
Perchloric acid | 1,770.3 | Anhydrous, at 20 °C |
Ammonium bisulfate | 1,780 | |
Potassium sodium tartrate | 1,790 | |
Tartaric acid | 1,790 | |
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | 1,800 | |
Ammonium sulfamate | 1,800 | |
Prussian blue | 1,800 | [41] |
Ammonium dinitramide | 1,810 | |
Dichlorine heptoxide | 1,811 | At 20 °C[42] |
Iron(III) chloride (hexahydrate) | 1,820 | |
RDX | 1,820 | At 20 °C |
White phosphorus | 1,823 | |
Erythritol tetranitrate | 1,827 | Crystal density[43] |
Styphnic acid | 1,829 | At 20 °C |
Sulfuric acid (98%) | 1,830 | |
Calcium chloride (tetrahydrate) | 1,830 | |
Magnesium carbonate (trihydrate) | 1,837 | |
Fluoroboric acid | 1,840 | |
Hydroxylammonium nitrate | 1,840 | |
Cesium (liquid) | 1,843 | At melting point |
Sodium azide | 1,846 | At 20 °C |
Beryllium | 1,850 | |
Calcium chloride (dihydrate) | 1,850 | |
Potassium ferrocyanide | 1,850 | Trihydrate |
Sodium sulfide (anhydrous) | 1,856 | |
Ammonium iron(II) sulfate (hexahydrate) | 1,860 | At 20 °C |
Chromium(III) sulfate (pentadecahydrate) | 1,860 | |
Francium | 1,870 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Ammonium tetrafluoroborate | 1,871 | At 15 °C |
Boron phosphate | 1,873 | BPO4[44] |
Hydroxylammonium sulfate | 1,880 | At 20 °C |
Copper(II) acetate (monohydrate) | 1,882 | At 20 °C |
Phosphoric acid (liquid) | 1,885 | Aqueous solution |
Potassium ferricyanide | 1,890 | |
Iron(II) sulfate (heptahydrate) | 1,895 | |
Calcium nitrate (tetrahydrate) | 1,896 | |
Iron(III) sulfate (pentahydrate) | 1,898 | |
Ammonium chromate | 1,900 | |
Oxalic acid (anhydrous) | 1,900 | |
Tartrazine | 1,900 | Solid[45] |
Bone | 1,900 | Average human bone |
2,4-Dinitrobromobenzene | 1,910 | |
HMX | 1,910 | At 25 °C[46] |
Potassium nitrite | 1,914.986 | |
Sodium formate | 1,920 | At 20 °C |
Sulfur (gamma) | 1,920 | |
Sulfur trioxide | 1,920 | Liquid |
Cobalt(II) chloride (hexahydrate) | 1,924 | |
Cesium | 1,930 | At room temperature |
Iron(II) chloride (tetrahydrate) | 1,930 | |
TATB (Triaminotrinitrobenzene) | 1,930 | At 20 °C |
Ethyl iodide | 1,930.8 | At 20 °C[47] |
Bromoacetic acid | 1,934 | |
Iron(II) sulfate (hexahydrate) | 1,934 | |
Hydrazine perchlorate | 1,939 | [48] |
Cobalt(II) sulfate (heptahydrate) | 1,948 | |
Nickel(II) sulfate (heptahydrate) | 1,948 | |
Ammonium perchlorate | 1,950 | |
Potassium bitartrate | 1,954 | |
Chromyl chloride | 1,960 | At 20 °C |
Sulfur (beta) | 1,960 | |
Sodium permanganate (monohydrate) | 1,972 | Standard conditions |
Ammonium persulfate | 1,980 | |
Potassium chloride | 1,984 | |
Activated charcoal | 2,000 | Average skeletal density |
Oleum (60%) | 2,000 | |
Hydroxylammonium perchlorate | 2,060 | [49] |
5-(4-Dimethylaminobenzylidene)rhodanine | 2,009 | At 23 °C[50] |
Cadmium acetate (dihydrate) | 2,010 | [51] |
Manganese(II) chloride (tetrahydrate) | 2,010 | Standard conditions |
Cobalt(II) sulfate (hexahydrate) | 2,019 | |
Sodium perchlorate (monohydrate) | 2,020 | |
Aluminium sulfide | 2,020 | |
Magnesium nitrate (dihydrate) | 2,025.6 | At standard conditions |
Ammonium bisulfite (72% aq. sol.) | 2,030 | At 20 °C |
Phosphoric acid (solid) | 2,030 | At 25 °C |
Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane | 2,044 | |
Potassium hydroxide | 2,044 | At 20 °C |
Nickel(II) nitrate (hexahydrate) | 2,050 | At 20 °C |
Lithium nitrate (hexahydrate) | 2,065 | |
Lithium chloride | 2,068 | |
Copper(II) nitrate (hexahydrate) | 2,070 | |
Nickel(II) sulfate (hexahydrate) | 2,070 | |
Sulfur (alfa) | 2,070 | |
Zinc sulfate (hexahydrate) | 2,072 | |
Devarda's alloy (bulk) | 2,080 | At 20 °C |
Boron nitride (hexagonal) | 2,100 | At standard conditions |
Phosphorus pentachloride | 2,100 | At standard conditions |
Sodium percarbonate | 2,100 | At standard conditions |
Manganese(II) sulfate (tetrahydrate) | 2,107 | |
Potassium nitrate | 2,109 | |
Lithium carbonate | 2,110 | |
Ammonium dichromate | 2,115 | |
Nickel hydrazine nitrate | 2,129 | |
Sodium hydroxide | 2,130 | |
Calcium chloride (anhydrous) | 2,150 | |
Iron(II) sulfate (pentahydrate) | 2,150 | |
Pyranine | 2,150 | |
Sulfamic acid | 2,150 | |
Sodium chloride | 2,165 | |
Sodium nitrite | 2,168 | |
Potassium bicarbonate | 2,170 | |
Potassium peroxymonosulfate | 2,170 | Oxone |
Sodium bromide (dihydrate) | 2,180 | |
Trichloroisocyanuric acid | 2.19 | ± 0.1 g/cm3 |
Ammonium permanganate | 2,200 | At 20 °C |
Iodoacetic acid | 2,200 | |
Polytetrafluoroethylene | 2,200 | |
Sodium bicarbonate | 2,200 | |
Strontium nitrate (tetrahydrate) | 2,200 | |
Calcium hydroxide | 2,211 | |
Calcium carbide | 2,220 | |
Lead(IV) acetate | 2,228 | At 17 °C |
Borosilicate glass | 2,230 | Average value |
Tin(IV) chloride | 2,230 | |
Peroxymonosulfuric acid | 2,239 | |
Calcium chloride (monohydrate) | 2,240 | |
Potassium bisulfate | 2,245 | |
Sodium carbonate (monohydrate) | 2,250 | |
Sodium nitrate | 2,257 | |
Zinc perchlorate | 2,260 | |
Graphite | 2,266 | |
Manganese(II) chloride (dihydrate) | 2,270 | Standard conditions |
Sodium oxide | 2,270 | |
Boron nitride (amorphous) | 2,280 | At standard conditions |
Methyl iodide | 2,280 | At 20 °C |
Copper(II) sulfate (pentahydrate) | 2,286 | |
Calcium cyanamide | 2,290 | |
Barium peroxide (octahydrate) | 2,292 | |
Diatomaceous earth (bulk) | 2,300 | At standard conditions |
Magnesium nitrate (anhydrous) | 2,300 | At standard conditions |
Copper(II) nitrate (trihydrate) | 2,320 | |
Calcium sulfate (dihydrate) | 2,320 | |
Magnesium chloride (anhydrous) | 2,320 | |
Potassium chlorate | 2,320 | |
Silicon | 2,330 | |
Monopotassium phosphate | 2,338 | At standard conditions |
Boron | 2,340 | |
Cadmium acetate (anhydrous) | 2,340 | [52] |
Potassium metabisulfite | 2,340 | |
Red phosphorus | 2,340 | |
Sodium oxalate | 2,340 | |
Magnesium hydroxide | 2,344.6 | |
Calcium hypochlorite | 2,350 | At 20 °C |
Potassium sulfite | 2,350 | At 20 °C[53] |
Violet phosphorus | 2,360 | |
Strontium (liquid) | 2,375 | At melting point |
Lithium nitrate (anhydrous) | 2,380 | |
Sodium dithionite (anhydrous) | 2,380 | |
Iron(II) chloride (dihydrate) | 2,390 | |
Phosphorus pentoxide | 2,390 | |
Manganese heptoxide | 2,396 | At 20 °C[54] |
Concrete | 2,400 | Average density |
Krypton (liquid) | 2,413 | At boiling point |
Ammonium chlorate | 2,420 | |
Potassium carbonate | 2,430 | |
Chloroplatinic acid | 2,431 | |
Dipotassium phosphate | 2,440 | |
Magnesium sulfate (monohydrate) | 2,445 | |
Cadmium nitrate (tetrahydrate) | 2,450 | |
Boron trioxide (liquid) | 2,460 | At melting point |
Sodium chlorite | 2,468 | |
Boron silicide | 2,470 | B6Si[55] |
Potassium persulfate | 2,477 | |
Cobalt(II) chloride (dihydrate) | 2,477 | |
Aluminium chloride (anhydrous) | 2,480 | |
Sodium hexametaphosphate | 2,484 | |
Ammonium heptamolybdate | 2,498 | |
Sodium perchlorate (anhydrous) | 2,499.4 | |
Cyanuric acid | 2,500 | |
Calcium nitrate (anhydrous) | 2,504 | |
Copper(II) chloride (dihydrate) | 2,510 | |
Sodium dichromate | 2,520 | |
Potassium perchlorate | 2,523.9 | |
Sodium carbonate (anhydrous) | 2,540 | At 25 °C |
Lead(II) acetate (trihydrate) | 2,550 | |
Boron trioxide (trigonal) | 2,550 | |
Sodium fluoride | 2,558 | |
Magnesium diboride | 2,570 | |
Sodium persulfate | 2,590 | |
Potassium antimony tartrate | 2,600 | |
Quartz | 2,600 | |
Sodium silicate | 2,610 | |
Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) | 2,633 | |
Strontium | 2,640 | At room temperature |
Calcium perchlorate | 2,651 | |
Sodium pyrosulfate | 2,658 | |
Magnesium sulfate (anhydrous) | 2,660 | |
Potassium sulfate | 2,660 | |
Sodium sulfate (anhydrous) | 2,664 | |
Aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) | 2,672 | |
Potassium dichromate | 2,676 | |
Black phosphorus | 2,690 | |
Sodium chromate | 2,698 | |
Aluminium | 2,700 | |
Chromium trioxide | 2,700 | At 20 °C |
Potassium permanganate | 2,703 | |
Tin(II) chloride (dihydrate) | 2,710 | |
Calcium carbonate | 2,711 | Calcite |
Potassium hexachlorostannate | 2,719 | [56] |
Potassium chromate | 2,732 | |
Potassium bromide | 2,740 | |
Sodium bisulfate | 2,740 | |
Potassium manganate | 2,780 | |
Rubidium chloride | 2,800 | At 25 °C |
Scandium (liquid) | 2,800 | At melting point |
Sodium peroxide | 2,805 | |
Silver perchlorate | 2,806 | |
Phosphoryl bromide | 2,820 | |
Magnesium carbonate (dihydrate) | 2,825 | |
Potassium ferrate | 2,829 | [57] |
Calcium carbonate | 2,830 | Aragonite |
Basic lead picrate | 2,831 | [58] |
Aluminium phosphide | 2,850 | |
Phosphorus tribromide | 2,852 | At 15 °C |
Chromium(III) chloride (anhydrous) | 2,870 | At 20 °C |
Chloroauric acid (tetrahydrate) | 2,890 | |
Iron(III) chloride (anhydrous) | 2,898 | |
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate | 2,900 | |
Zinc chloride | 2,907 | |
Barium azide | 2,936 | |
Xenon (liquid) | 2,942 | At boiling point |
Manganese(II) sulfate (monohydrate) | 2,950 | |
Magnesium carbonate (anhydrous) | 2,958 | |
Calcium sulfate (anhydrous) | 2,960 | |
Manganese(II) chloride (anhydrous) | 2,977 | Standard conditions |
Scandium | 2,985 | At room temperature |
Strontium nitrate (anhydrous) | 2,986 | |
Iron(II) sulfate (monohydrate) | 3,000 | |
Copper(II) nitrate (anhydrous) | 3,050 | |
Lead styphnate | 3,060 | At 20 °C |
Cobalt(II) sulfate (monohydrate) | 3,075 | |
Cadmium sulfate (octahydrate) | 3,080 | |
Iron(III) sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,097 | |
Barium chloride (dihydrate) | 3,097.9 | |
Chromium(III) sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,100 | |
Bromine | 3,102.8 | Standard conditions |
Iodine trichloride | 3,110 | At 15 °C |
Calcium chromate | 3,120 | |
Potassium iodide | 3,123 | |
Antimony(III) chloride | 3,140 | At 25 °C |
Boron trioxide (monoclinic) | 3,146 | |
Iron(II) chloride (anhydrous) | 3,160 | |
Barium chlorate | 3,180 | |
Calcium fluoride | 3,180 | |
Barium perchlorate | 3,200 | |
Silicon carbide | 3,210 | All polytypes[59] |
Sodium bromide (anhydrous) | 3,210 | |
Barium nitrate | 3,240 | |
Lead(II) acetate (anhydrous) | 3,250 | At 20 °C |
Manganese(II) sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,250 | |
Copper(I) azide | 3,260 | [60] |
Silver acetate | 3,260 | |
Diiodomethane | 3,325 | |
Barium (liquid) | 3,338 | At melting point |
Calcium oxide | 3,340 | |
Vanadium pentoxide | 3,357 | |
Copper(II) hydroxide | 3,368 | |
Copper(II) chloride (anhydrous) | 3,386 | |
Zinc chromate | 3,430 | |
Boron nitride (cubic) | 3,450 | At standard conditions |
Boron nitride (wurtzite) | 3,490 | At standard conditions |
Cobalt(II) chloride (anhydrous) | 3,560 | |
Copper oxychloride | 3,500 | |
Diamond | 3,510 | |
Barium | 3,530 | At room temperature |
Zinc sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,540 | |
Chevreul's salt | 3,570 | [61] |
Cadmium nitrate (anhydrous) | 3,600 | |
Copper(II) sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,600 | |
Magnesium oxide | 3,600 | |
Phosphorus pentabromide | 3,610 | |
Iron(II) sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,650 | |
Sodium iodide | 3,670 | |
Caesium hydroxide | 3,675 | |
Cobalt(II) sulfate (anhydrous) | 3,710 | |
Mercury(II) thiocyanate | 3,710 | At standard conditions. |
Strontium carbonate | 3,740 | |
Barium permanganate | 3,770 | At 20 °C |
Sodium molybdate | 3,780 | |
Titanium dioxide | 3,780 | Anatase form |
Cadmium sulfate (monohydrate) | 3,790 | |
Barium chloride (anhydrous) | 3,856 | |
Chloroauric acid (anhydrous) | 3,900 | |
Silver fulminate | 3,938 | |
Tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) | 3,950 | |
Strontium sulfate | 3,960 | At 25 °C |
Caesium chloride | 3,988 | |
Zinc phosphate | 3,998 | |
Aluminium oxide | 4,000 | Average density |
Basic copper carbonate | 4,000 | |
Iodoform | 4,008 | |
Nickel(II) sulfate (anhydrous) | 4,010 | |
Cadmium chloride | 4,050 | [62] |
Zinc sulfide | 4,090 | |
Copper(I) chloride | 4,145 | |
Phosphorus triiodide | 4,180 | At standard conditions |
Titanium dioxide | 4,180 | Brookite |
Titanium dioxide | 4,230 | Rutile form |
Cadmium azide | 4,240 | [63] |
Yttrium (liquid) | 4,240 | At melting point |
Cadmium carbonate | 4,258 | [64] |
Barium carbonate | 4,286 | |
Mercury(II) nitrate (monohydrate) | 4,300 | At 20 °C |
Nitrogen triiodide | 4,300 | ±0.1 g/cm3[65] |
Carbon tetraiodide | 4,320 | |
Silver nitrate | 4,350 | At 24 °C |
Zinc carbonate | 4,398 | At 20 °C[66] |
Radon (liquid) | 4,400 | At boiling point |
Silver azide | 4,420 | |
Mercury(II) fulminate | 4,420 | |
Silver nitrite | 4,453 | At 25 °C |
Yttrium | 4,472 | |
Barium sulfate | 4,490 | |
Copper chromite | 4,500 | |
Caesium iodide | 4,510 | |
Lead(II) nitrate | 4,530 | |
Titanium | 4,540 | |
Tungsten hexafluoride (solid) | 4,560 | At −9 °C |
Cadmium sulfate (octahydrate) | 4,691 | |
Strontium oxide | 4,700 | |
Lead(II) azide | 4,710 | |
Bismuth chloride | 4,750 | |
Selenium | 4,800 | |
Barium manganate | 4,850 | |
Osmium tetroxide | 4,900 | |
Barium iodide (dihydrate) | 4,916 | |
Iodine | 4,933 | |
Iron(II,III) oxide | 5,000 | |
Yttrium(III) oxide | 5,010 | |
Manganese dioxide | 5,026 | |
Bismuth sulfate | 5,080 | [67] |
Barium iodide (anhydrous) | 5,150 | |
Cobalt(III) oxide | 5,180 | |
Antimony(III) oxide (α-form) | 5,200 | |
Chromium(III) oxide | 5,220 | |
Iron(III) oxide | 5,242 | |
Germanium | 5,323 | |
Mercury(II) chloride | 5,430 | |
Silver sulfate | 5,450 | At 20°C |
Radium | 5,500 | At room temperature |
Zinc oxide | 5,610 | |
Antimony(III) oxide (β-form) | 5,670 | |
Barium peroxide (anhydrous) | 5,675 | [68] |
Barium oxide | 5,720 | |
Arsenic | 5,727 | |
Bismuth iodide | 5,778 | |
Devarda's alloy | 5,790 | At 20 °C |
Zirconium (liquid) | 5,800 | At melting point |
Copper(I) nitride | 5,840 | [69] |
Lead(II) chloride | 5,850 | At 20 °C |
Silver(I) fluoride | 5,852 | At 15 °C |
Gallium | 5,910 | At room temperature |
Lanthanum (liquid) | 5,940 | At melting point |
Copper(I) oxide | 6,000 | |
Silver carbonate | 6,077 | |
Gallium (liquid) | 6,095 | At melting point |
Vanadium | 6,100 | |
Basic lead chromate | 6,120 | |
Lead chromate | 6,120 | |
Lead(II) iodide | 6,160 | At 20 °C |
Lanthanum | 6,162 | At room temperature |
Ytterbium (liquid) | 6,210 | At room temperature |
Tellurium | 6,240 | |
Copper(II) oxide | 6,310 | |
Bismuth phosphate | 6,323 | [70] |
Astatine | 6,350 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Mercury(II) sulfate | 6,470 | At 20 °C[71] |
Praseodymium (liquid) | 6,500 | At melting point |
Zirconium | 6,520 | |
Cerium (liquid) | 6,550 | At melting point |
Zinc (liquid) | 6,570 | |
Zamak | 6,600 | |
Antimony | 6,690 | |
Cerium | 6,770 | At room temperature |
Praseodymium | 6,770 | At room temperature |
Neodymium (liquid) | 6,890 | At melting point |
Ytterbium | 6,900 | At room temperature |
Cadmium oxide (amorphous) | 6,950 | At room temperature |
Neodymium | 7,010 | At room temperature |
Indium (liquid) | 7,020 | At melting point |
Kanthal A1 | 7,100 | Average density, standard conditions |
Europium (liquid) | 7,130 | At melting point |
Zinc | 7,140 | At room temperature |
Samarium (liquid) | 7,160 | At melting point |
Chromium | 7,200 | |
Cerium(IV) oxide | 7,215 | |
Promethium | 7,260 | At room temperature |
Europium | 7,264 | At room temperature |
Indium | 7,310 | At room temperature |
Tin | 7,310 | |
Manganese | 7,325 | |
Samarium | 7,520 | At room temperature |
Terbium (liquid) | 7,650 | At melting point |
Bismuth selenide | 7,700 | [72] |
Bismuth oxychloride | 7,700 | [73] |
Iron | 7,780 | Standard conditions |
Steel | 7,850 | Mild carbon steel, standard conditions |
Gadolinium | 7,900 | At room temperature |
Terbium(III) oxide | 7,910 | |
Mercury sulfide | 8,100 | At room temperature |
Cadmium oxide (crystalline) | 8,150 | At room temperature |
Terbium | 8,230 | At room temperature |
Bronze (manganese) | 8,300 | Average density |
Lead(II,IV) oxide | 8,300 | |
Holmium (liquid) | 8,340 | At melting point |
Dysprosium (liquid) | 8,370 | At melting point |
Nichrome | 8,400 | 80% nickel 20% chromium |
Dysprosium | 8,540 | At room temperature |
Thulium (liquid) | 8,560 | At melting point |
Niobium | 8,570 | |
Brass | 8,600 | Average density |
Erbium(III) oxide | 8,640 | |
Cadmium | 8,650 | |
Holmium | 8,790 | At room temperature |
Bronze (phosphorus) | 8,800 | Average density |
Einsteinium | 8,840 | At room temperature |
Erbium (liquid) | 8,860 | At melting point |
Bismuth trioxide | 8,900 | |
Cobalt | 8,900 | |
Nickel | 8,900 | |
Copper | 8,940 | |
Erbium | 9,066 | At room temperature |
Ytterbium(III) oxide | 9,170 | |
Polonium (alpha) | 9,196 | |
Lutetium (liquid) | 9,300 | At melting point |
Thulium | 9,320 | At room temperature |
Polonium (beta) | 9,398 | |
Lead(II) oxide | 9,530 | |
Lead(IV) oxide (beta) | 9,550 | β-PbO2[74] |
Wood's metal | 9,700 | |
Bismuth | 9,750 | |
Lead(IV) oxide (alpha) | 9,773 | α-PbO2[75] |
Lutetium | 9,841 | At room temperature |
Rose's metal | 9,850 | At room temperature |
Actinium | 10,000 | At room temperature |
Molybdenum | 10,220 | |
Silver | 10,500 | |
Technertium | 11,000 | |
Mercury(II) oxide | 11,140 | |
Thallium (liquid) | 11,220 | At melting point |
Lead | 11,340 | |
Thorium | 11,700 | |
Thallium | 11,850 | At room temperature |
Hafnium (liquid) | 12,000 | At melting point |
Americium | 12,000 | At room temperature |
Palladium | 12,023 | |
Rhodium | 12,410 | |
Ruthenium | 12,450 | |
Berkelium (beta) | 13,250 | At room temperature |
Hafnium | 13,310 | At room temperature |
Curium | 13,510 | At room temperature |
Mercury | 13,546 | |
Berkelium (alpha) | 14,780 | At room temperature |
Californium | 15,100 | At room temperature |
Protactinium | 15,370 | At room temperature |
Tungsten carbide | 15,600 | |
Tantalum | 16,600 | |
Neptunium (gamma) | 18,000 | At 639 °C |
Uranium | 18,900 | |
Tungsten | 19,250 | |
Gold | 19,320 | |
Neptunium (beta) | 19,360 | At 313 °C |
Plutonium | 19,840 | |
Neptunium (alpha) | 20,450 | At 282 °C |
Rhenium | 21,020 | |
Platinum | 21,450 | |
Iridium | 22,420 | |
Osmium | 22,570 | |
Rutherfordium | 23,200 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Copernicium | 23,700 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Roentgenium | 28,700 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Dubnium | 29,300 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Darmstadtum | 34,800 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Seaborgium | 35,000 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Bohrium | 37,100 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Meitnerium | 37,400 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Hassium | 40,700 | Predicted, at room temperature |
Density ranges for heterogeneous materials
Material | Density value (kg/m3) | Additional notes |
---|---|---|
Activated carbon (powder) | 400 - 500 | Grain density |
Activated carbon (skeletal) | 2,000 - 2,100 | Solid a.k.a. skeletal density |
Agar (bulk) | 550 - 600 | |
Agate | 2,500 - 2,600 | |
Alabaster carbonate | 2,700 - 2,800 | |
Albite | 2,600 - 2,650 | |
Aluminium oxide | 3,950 - 4,100 | |
Amber | 1,060 - 1,100 | |
Amphiboles | 2,900 - 3,200 | |
Anorthite | 2,740 - 2,760 | |
Asbstos | 2,000 - 2,800 | |
Balsa | 40 - 340 | Dry timber |
Basalt | 2,400 - 3,100 | |
Beeswax | 958 - 970 | Relative density at 15 °C[76] |
Beryllium copper | 8,100 - 8,250 | |
Biotite | 2,700 - 3,100 | |
Black powder | 1,700 - 1,820 | Mercury method |
Black powder | 1,920 - 2,080 | Pycnometer |
Bone | 1,700 - 2,000 | Human bone |
Brass | 8,400 - 8,730 | |
Brick | 1,400 - 2,400 | |
Bronze | 7,400 - 8,900 | (8-14% Sn) |
Bronze (lead) | 7,700 - 8,700 | |
Bronze (phosphorus) | 8,780 - 8,920 | |
Dynamite | 1,300 - 1,510 | [77] |
Gasoline | 710 - 770 | |
Gelatine | 1,300 - 1,400 | [78] |
Gum arabic | 1,350-1,490 | [79] |
Kerosene | 780 - 810 | |
Mineral oil (heavy) | 860 - 910 | At 20 °C |
Mineral oil (light) | 830 - 880 | At 20 °C |
Naphtha | 750 - 850 | |
Oak | 710 - 750 | Timber |
Petroleum ether | 600 - 800 | At 20 °C |
Prussian blue | 1,750 - 1,810 | [80] |
Smokeless powder | 900 - 1,000 | At 20 °C |
Stainless steel | 7,480 - 8,050 | |
Zeolite (analcime) | 2,240 - 2,290 | [81] |
Zeolite (chabazite) | 2,050 - 2,200 | [82] |
Zeolite (clinoptilolite) | 2,200 - 2,440 | Powder[83] |
Zeolite (heulandite) | 2,100 - 2,200 | [84] |
Zeolite (mordenite) | 2,120 - 2,150 | [85] |
Zeolite (natrolite) | 2,200 - 2,260 | [86] |
Zeolite (phillipsite) | 2,200 - 2,242 | [87] |
Zeolite (phillipsite) | 2,200 - 2,242 | [88] |
Zeolite (stilbite) | 2,180 - 2,220 | [89] |
Density of materials at different temperatures
Air
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+727 | 0.340 |
+227 | 0.696 |
+35 | 1.146 |
+30 | 1.164 |
+27 | 1.161 |
+25 | 1.184 |
+20 | 1.204 |
+15 | 1.225 |
+10 | 1.247 |
+5 | 1.269 |
0 | 1.293 |
-5 | 1.316 |
-10 | 1.342 |
-15 | 1.368 |
-20 | 1.395 |
-25 | 1.423 |
-73 | 1.746 |
-173 | 3.556 |
Ammonia
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 °C | 1,073 |
+20 °C | 1,170 |
Ammonium acetate
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+15 °C | 0.73 |
0 °C | 0,769 |
-33.34 | 0.86 |
-33.3 | 681.9 |
-80 °C | 817 |
Antimony(III) chloride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+150 | 2,510 |
+25 | 3,140 |
Argon
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+27 | 1.449 |
0 | 1.784 |
-185 | 1,395.4 |
Benzaldehyde
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 1,044 |
+15 | 1,050 |
Biuret
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 1,456 |
+10 | 1,467 |
Butyric acid
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 952.8 |
-43 | 1,135 |
Carbon dioxide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 1.799 |
-78 | 1,562 |
Carbon disulfide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 1,262 |
+20 | 1,263.2 |
0 | 1,292.7 |
-186 | 1,539 |
Carbon monoxide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 1.145 |
0 | 1.250 |
-191.5 | 789 |
Carbon tetrachloride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 1,594 |
-80 | 1,809 |
-186 | 1,831 |
Chloroform
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+60 | 1,394 |
+25 | 1,488.5 |
+20 | 1,483.2 |
-20 | 1,564 |
Chromyl chloride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+60 | 1,855 |
+49 | 1,873 |
+39 | 1,893 |
+30 | 1,910 |
+25 | 1,911.8 |
+24 | 1,920 |
+20 | 1,960 |
-47 | 2,052.2 |
-150 | 2,334 |
Dimethyl ether
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 1.91855 |
+20 | 1.96 |
+15 | 1.993 |
+0 | 2.1146 |
-24 | 2.3622 |
-25 | 735 |
Ethyl formate
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+50 | 876 |
+45 | 883 |
+40 | 890.5 |
+35 | 897.1 |
+30 | 903.6 |
+25 | 910.1 |
+20 | 916.6 |
+15 | 929 |
+10 | 934 |
0 | 948 |
Helium
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+27 | 0.164 |
0 | 0.1786 |
-269 | 147 |
Hydrazine
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+50 | 982 |
+25 | 1,004 |
+20 | 1,008.5 |
+15 | 1,014 |
0 | 1,021 |
Hydrogen
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+125 | 0.6061 |
+100 | 0.6465 |
+75 | 0.6928 |
+50 | 0.7461 |
+25 | 0.8085 |
0 | 0.08988 |
-25 | 0.9708 |
-50 | 1.0793 |
-75 | 1.2154 |
-100 | 1.3911 |
-125 | 1.6271 |
-150 | 1.9617 |
-175 | 2.4760 |
-200 | 3.3817 |
-225 | 5.5430 |
-250 | 68.747 |
-255 | 74.252[91] |
Hydrogen fluoride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 1.15 |
+19.5 | 991 |
+0 | 1,002 |
Ice
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
0 | 916 |
-50 | 922 |
-100 | 927 |
Iodine trichloride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+15 | 3,110 |
-40 | 3,203 |
Manganese heptoxide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 2,396 |
-30 | 2,790 |
Methane
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 0.656 |
-90 | 162 |
-161.65 | 422.62 |
Methanol
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 786.6 |
+20 | 791.5 |
+15 | 796 |
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 1,170 |
+15 | 1,120 |
Methyl formate
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 980 |
+15 | 987 |
NaK
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+100 | 855 |
+21 | 866 |
Naphthalene
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+100 | 962.5 |
+20 | 1,025.3 |
+15.5 | 1,145 |
Nitrogen
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+27 | 1.145 |
-199 | 808 |
Oxygen
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+27 | 1.308 |
-186 | 1,155 |
Pentanol
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 811 |
+20 | 814.6 |
+15 | 818 |
Peracetic acid (40%)
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 1,140 |
+15 | 1,226 |
Perchloric acid
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+55 | 1,711 |
+30 | 1,750.9 |
+25 | 1,760.8 |
+22 | 1,768 |
+20 | 1,770.3 |
+15 | 1,780 |
+10 | 1,789.2 |
+5 | 1,798.8 |
0 | 1,808.4 |
-5 | 1,818.1 |
-10 | 1,827.8 |
-15 | 1,837.3 |
-20 | 1,846.8 |
-25 | 1,856.1 |
-30 | 1,865.4 |
-160 | 2,160 |
Phenolphthalein
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+32 | 1,277 |
+25 | 1,299 |
+20 | 1,300 |
Phthalic anhydride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+135 | 1,200 |
+20 | 1,530 |
Potassium hydroxide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+25 | 2,120 |
+20 | 2,044 |
Propylene oxide
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|
+20 | 830.4 |
+0 | 859 |
Rubidium chloride
Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/m3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+750 | 2,088 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
+25 | 2,800
Silver nitrate
Silver sulfate
Sodium bisulfite
Sulfur dichloride
Thionyl chloride
Thiophene
Trimethyl phosphate
Water
The values below 0 °C refer to supercooled water. References
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