Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Most extreme compounds known to man

Is there a gas so-called "Oxygen" ?
I recently heard that it acts as a good oxidant , but some say another gas (i think they called it "flauriine" or "florine" somewhat) acts much better oxidant.

yup been talked about at the begining already...

AndersHoveland - 20-1-2012 at 22:56

What about the most extreme aphrodesiac compound?

There is a plant grown in Southeast Asia called Tongkat ali (Eurycoma Longifolia). Researchers from the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Malaysia, did tests which suggested that the root of Tongkat ali stimulates sexual arousal in rats. The Asian Congress of Sexology published a paper in 2002 showing that consumption of the plant increased testosterone levels in humans.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0367326X10...

neptunium - 21-1-2012 at 08:11

too bad it wont grow in my back yard..

AndersHoveland - 21-1-2012 at 12:25

Quote: Originally posted by neptunium

too bad it wont grow in my back yard..

don't worry, there is always ecstacy or rohypnol

Bufadienolides can be derived from toad venom, but can lead to side effects including chest pain, abdominal pain and vomiting,
disrupting the normal rhythm of the heart, and sometimes death.

Cantharidin is a powerful irritant vesicant (blister-inducing) substance obtained from blister beetles. It is claimed to have aphrodisiac properties, as a result of its irritant effects upon the body's genitourinary tract, and can result in poisoning if ingested.

White Yeti - 22-1-2012 at 10:35

"giver of bad advice"

How fitting!

AirCowPeaCock - 22-1-2012 at 12:50

Quote: Originally posted by shivas

Quote: Originally posted by paulr1234

Most potent inorganic neurotoxin (I think Botulism is actually the most potent neurotoxin but given that it is a naturally occurring protein, I'm not sure where it should sit in a chemical taxonomy).

Botulinum is in fact the most acutely toxic substance known. Less than a kilo is enough to kill the whole planet.

Amazing that means 143 nano grams can kill one person!

Mr. Wizard - 22-1-2012 at 22:43

Mono atomic Hydrogen combining to form H2. The reaction of H + H =H2 +422 kJ energy is more powerful than any other chemical reaction per unit mass. Some work has been done studying small amounts of H monatomic gas at very low (< 1K) temperatures and using a strong magnetic field. The gas has been used in Atomic hydrogen welding, but is generated at the tips of Tungsten electrodes in an arc, and only lasts until it strikes the cooler surfaces of the 'work', where it combines to produce it's prodigious energy. As a comparison 2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(l) + 572 kJ (286 kJ/mol) which weighs 36 grams per Mole of product, or 18 times as heavy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen

http://www.weldingarticle.com/atomic-hydrogen-welding/atomic...

and 'cough' ;-)
http://www.lateralscience.co.uk/AtomicH/atomicH.html

http://www.science.uva.nl/research/quant/sph.html

AndersHoveland - 24-1-2012 at 00:05

Would it theoretically be possible to stabilize large quantities of monoatomic hydrogen using a powerful superconducting magnet and very cold temperatures?

AirCowPeaCock - 24-1-2012 at 08:27

Mono atomic Hydrogen combining to form H2. The reaction of H + H =H2 +422 kJ energy is more powerful than any other chemical reaction per unit mass. Some work has been done studying small amounts of H monatomic gas at very low (< 1K) temperatures and using a strong magnetic field. The gas has been used in Atomic hydrogen welding, but is generated at the tips of Tungsten electrodes in an arc, and only lasts until it strikes the cooler surfaces of the 'work', where it combines to produce it's prodigious energy. As a comparison 2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(l) + 572 kJ (286 kJ/mol) which weighs 36 grams per Mole of product, or 18 times as heavy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen

http://www.weldingarticle.com/atomic-hydrogen-welding/atomic...

and 'cough' ;-)
http://www.lateralscience.co.uk/AtomicH/atomicH.html

http://www.science.uva.nl/research/quant/sph.html

Is that where alot of the energy released from Hydride, alkali and alkaline earth metals reacting with water come from?

[Edited on 1-24-2012 by AirCowPeaCock]

[Edited on 1-24-2012 by AirCowPeaCock]

Mr. Wizard - 24-1-2012 at 10:14

I think the energy of alkaline hydrides reacting with water is from the alkaline metal combining with oxygen provided by the water. When an alkaline hydride reacts with water the existing bonds between the hydrogen and the metal have to be broken, and the energy of breaking the bonds in water also have to be broken. The 'bottom line' total of energy liberated no doubt includes the formation of H2 as well as alkaline oxides, hydroxides, hydrated hydroxides and other products far beyond my knowledge.

This 'entry' to the extreme compounds list was because of the high energy available from this simple and ubiquitous allotrope molecule. It is mostly unrecognized by most because it is so hard to keep it in from combining we never see it. Its energy density, energy, reaction (burning?) temperature , and difficulty of isolation are all extreme.

[Edited on 24-1-2012 by Mr. Wizard]

AirCowPeaCock - 24-1-2012 at 10:44

It is pretty cool. I never knew that about mono-atomic hydrogen, I never really consider it much, because it hardly exists in everyday...stuff. the closest we really get is H- and protons. But now thinking about it again, in hydride reactions, its really H- and H+ so would it have the same energy?

Methyl.Magic - 24-1-2012 at 14:16

The most acidic compound is neither the SbF6 nor the perfluorocarborane but Hydroheliumic acid HeH+ with a pKa of -60 !!!! But it's more a physical compound than a chemical one ...

The MOST HEAVY is Osmium.

The MOST LIGHT is aerogel.

The MOST TOXIC is polonium or botulinium

The MOST COLD is liquid Helium

The MOST BASIC is probably t-Butylcesium if it exists.

The organotellurium have the palm of the most putrid compound. Chemistry of telluride cannot be really investigated because chemists wouldnt work with this element anymore since they lost their wife and their friends because when some telluride compound are in the body they slowly diffuses a stroug garlic odour out of the skin that can lasts up to one year according to some source I've forgotten...

What is the most hard, the best reducing agent, the most complexe one, the most ?

AndersHoveland - 24-1-2012 at 14:47

The most acidic compound is Hydroheliumic acid HeH+ with a pKa of -60 !!!!

It may be the most "acidic" molecular species, but the positively charged ions cannot be considered a compound itself, especially in light of the fact that it would protonate any known anion. HeH+ has never been isolated into a condensed compound.

The MOST BASIC is probably t-Butylcesium if it exists.

I would have guessed cesium boride, but the compound sodium boride does not seem to exist, at least not in the proportion Na3B. This should not really be too surprising. Potassium nitride is also extremely basic (equivalent to at least >26 pKa), but only small quantities have ever been prepared because the compound is not very stable (nitrogen gas will not react with potassium at any temperature). Another unusual organic compound, 1,8-bis(hexamethyltriaminophosphazenyl)naphthalene, has unusually high affinity for protons, and as such has a pK of 29.9 in acetonitrile! also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_tetramethylpiperidide

Trying to determine the "strongest" base is somewhat relative, because compounds can be "basic" in different ways. Similarly, reducing agents can also be reducing in different ways. For example, potassium will easily reduce lithium chloride, but it is lithium that can reduce nitrogen gas, not potassium.

[Edited on 24-1-2012 by AndersHoveland]

AirCowPeaCock - 24-1-2012 at 14:50

does Hydroheliumic acid even exist? I got no Google hits. Source?

AirCowPeaCock - 24-1-2012 at 14:56

Scratch that, I found it.

White Yeti - 24-1-2012 at 15:19

There's an "edit" button in the right hand corner of every post for the first 48 hours, you can delete your post(s) if you want.

Fusionfire - 25-1-2012 at 05:19

Very interesting. Anyone have this pdf about atomic hydrogen?

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ja01392a011

rstar - 25-1-2012 at 10:15

I think the strongest base is n-Butyllithium

eh... don't laugh...
..I might be wrong !!

Adas - 25-1-2012 at 11:03

I think the strongest base is n-Butyllithium

What about n-Pentylrubidium?

turd - 25-1-2012 at 12:00

The organotellurium have the palm of the most putrid compound. Chemistry of telluride cannot be really investigated because chemists wouldnt work with this element anymore since they lost their wife and their friends because when some telluride compound are in the body they slowly diffuses a stroug garlic odour out of the skin that can lasts up to one year according to some source I've forgotten...

That's mostly old wives' tales. Yes they're bad, but not that bad. The body gets rid of Te compounds quite easily (easier than Se).

rstar - 26-1-2012 at 03:56

Quote: Originally posted by Adas

I think the strongest base is n-Butyllithium

What about n-Pentylrubidium?

n-hexylcesium and n-heptylfrancium ?

AirCowPeaCock - 26-1-2012 at 12:02

n-octylununennium?

[Edited on 1-26-2012 by AirCowPeaCock]

GreenD - 26-1-2012 at 12:43

TROLL

White Yeti - 26-1-2012 at 15:43

Quote: Originally posted by GreenD

TROLL

Hold on, don't jump to conclusions just yet.

Mr. Wizard - 27-1-2012 at 09:19

Fusionfire, I hadn't seen that interesting pdf about atomic hydrogen. I found a page in my McGraw / Hill Encyclopedia of Chemistry 2nd Edition, that gives104.2 kcal / mole at 25 degrees C which corresponds well with the value in your reference. Converting from joules it is a close match.

Fusionfire - 27-1-2012 at 10:40

Fusionfire, I hadn't seen that interesting pdf about atomic hydrogen. I found a page in my McGraw / Hill Encyclopedia of Chemistry 2nd Edition, that gives104.2 kcal / mole at 25 degrees C which corresponds well with the value in your reference. Converting from joules it is a close match.

Hmmm, fascinating scan you provided. I'm going to buy that book when I get back from my holidays

It is clear that anyone who makes atomic hydrogen not only makes a powerful fuel/explosive/energy store, but also a very useful precursor chemical that can be used to produce all sorts of reactive products (reduce reactive metals, H2O2, produce hydrides, etc.)

Care to start a thread in a suitable sub-forum (I think technochemistry) about ideas to try to stabilise atomic hydrogen?

Would continuous irradiation with photons of the right frequency work if the goal is to keep the hydrogen atoms as positive hydrogen ions + free electrons?

Mr. Wizard - 27-1-2012 at 17:00

I bought the book from some guy at a swap meet for next to nothing, and I see from a quick search of the name you can still buy it for next to nothing ($3.97) It is a fairly large book, filled with all kinds of esoteric information. I found the information about the monatomic hydrogen after my first post on this thread.

I don't care to or feel qualified to start a thread about it, but if want to feel free.

The method used now to isolate the material is to use the atoms that have their electron and proton spins aligned so as to make it possible to keep the atoms aligned in a magnetic field. Since atoms sharing the same magnetic spin or alignment cannot share the same orbital they can't combine to form H2. I can't say I understand the Pauli exclusion principle but it is based on it. I think its like bar magnets repelling like poles. When the bar magnets flip over the H atoms can combine, with the protons sharing the two electrons that have their spins in opposite directions. The spinning electron generate a magnetic pole. Anyone with more understanding please explain it better.

Fusionfire - 27-1-2012 at 22:42

I bought the book from some guy at a swap meet for next to nothing, and I see from a quick search of the name you can still buy it for next to nothing ($3.97) It is a fairly large book, filled with all kinds of esoteric information. I found the information about the monatomic hydrogen after my first post on this thread.

I don't care to or feel qualified to start a thread about it, but if want to feel free.

The method used now to isolate the material is to use the atoms that have their electron and proton spins aligned so as to make it possible to keep the atoms aligned in a magnetic field. Since atoms sharing the same magnetic spin or alignment cannot share the same orbital they can't combine to form H2. I can't say I understand the Pauli exclusion principle but it is based on it. I think its like bar magnets repelling like poles. When the bar magnets flip over the H atoms can combine, with the protons sharing the two electrons that have their spins in opposite directions. The spinning electron generate a magnetic pole. Anyone with more understanding please explain it better.

OK I'll go start a thread in the technochemistry forum so we don't hijack this thread.

Methyl.Magic - 28-1-2012 at 19:09

I think the strongest base is n-Butyllithium

eh... don't laugh...
..I might be wrong !!

No, tert-butyllithium is the strongest base available. Since n-butylpotassium can be made via the schlosser method I think n-butylcesium can be made too ?

Zan Divine - 30-1-2012 at 11:03

Hardest - Rhenium diboride >10 Mohs

Cyclopentyl cesium ought to be pretty basic. It's not really possible to name the most basic.

I think the strongest acids known presently may be the carborane superacids.

[Edited on 30-1-2012 by Zan Divine]

Adas - 30-1-2012 at 12:29

Quote: Originally posted by Zan Divine

I think the strongest acids known presently may be the carborane superacids.
[Edited on 30-1-2012 by Zan Divine]

Yeah, and the cool thing about it is, that they are also very gentle. Perfect H+ donor for making AP

Formatik - 4-2-2012 at 23:57

Superfluid helium (beyond "liquid helium") is one of the most extreme liquids known:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Z6UJbwxBZI&NR

Here is an aluminium boat floating on sulfur hexafluoride (d= > 6g/L). The gas is completely harmless to inhale:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PJTq2xQiQ0

Phantom - 9-2-2012 at 13:37

Quote: Originally posted by nezza

I thought lead azide has the fastest velocity of propagation for non-nuclear explosives. Does Octanitrocubane beat it ?.

Of course. Lead Azide is in the middle with his 5180 m/s @ 4.0 g/cc.

ONC : 10100m/s

tatapouette - 17-11-2012 at 17:14