chornedsnorkack
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Crystal solvents
What is the term for crystal salts containing solvents other than water? Crystals with water of crystallization are named hydrates, but other salts?
For example, metals have sulphates (ion (SO4)2-) and hydrogen sulphates (ion HSO4-), but how are crystal salts called that contain sulphuric acid
beyond HSO4- ions?
The solubilities of metals in 100 % sulphuric acid are funny. While alkali metal sulphates are soluble in both water and concentrated sulphuric acid,
most other metals have contrasting behaviour.
A number of sulphates that are very soluble in water are very poorly soluble in concentrated sulphuric acid - these include MgSO4, ZnSO4, CuSO4,
FeSO4, NiSO4 and Al2(SO4)3. In contrast, several sulphates that are poorly soluble or insoluble in water dissolve well in sulphuric acid - these
include Ag2SO4, CaSO4, BaSO4.
For example, the soluble barium salt is
Ba(HSO4)2*2H2SO4
How would you call it?
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bfesser
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_salt" target="_blank">Double salts</a> <img src="../scipics/_wiki.png" />?
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DraconicAcid
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BaSO4 is barium sulphate.
Ba(HSO4)2 is barium hydrogen sulphate, or to use older nomenclature barium bisulphate (because it has twice as many sulphates
per barium as usual).
Ba(HSO4)2*H2SO4 would have three sulphates per barium, so barium trisulphate.
Ba(HSO4)2*2 H2SO4 would be barium tetrasulphate.
This would fall in line with the accepted (though not quite IUPAC) name of potassium tetraoxalate ( http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/fluka/60592?lang... ).
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Write up your lab reports the way your instructor wants them, not the way your ex-instructor wants them.
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DraconicAcid
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And the think the thread title should have been "Nonaqueous Solvates"
Come to think of it, the IUPAC name would probably be something like "barium sulphate two sulphuric acid", in the same way that "two water" is now
supposed to replace the much more elegant "dihydrate".
[Edited on 6-1-2014 by DraconicAcid]
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ScienceSquirrel
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They can be labelled in as coordinating ligands;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrakis%28acetonitrile%29coppe...
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DraconicAcid
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That would work for some solvents, but I don't think sulphuric acid is much of a ligand.
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turd
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Quote: Originally posted by chornedsnorkack  | | What is the term for crystal salts containing solvents other than water? Crystals with water of crystallization are named hydrates, but other salts?
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They are called (quite unsurprisingly) solvates. If you are interested in this topic see also pseudo-polymorphs or
solvatomorphs.
| Quote: | | For example, metals have sulphates (ion (SO4)2-) and hydrogen sulphates (ion HSO4-), but how are crystal salts called that contain sulphuric acid
beyond HSO4- ions? |
Interestingly, this has nothing to do with the original question, since I don't know anybody who would consider that a solvate. These are acidic
hydrous phases of the form (MOt)x.(SO3)y.(H2O)z. And as Draconic Acid noted
correctly, RbH5(PO4)2 is simply called rubidium pentahydrogen bisphosphate (or bis(phosphate(V)) if you want to be
anal).
| Quote: | | They can be labelled in as coordinating ligands; |
No. This is not coordination chemistry. This is oxidic inorganics.
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