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Vikascoder
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What is the concentration of ammonium hydroxide before distilling
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Vikascoder
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If you take 1 litre of lemon juice and boil it until all the water evaporates will citric acid be formed in solid form
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woelen
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No, lemon juice contains a lot of other compounds and boiling down this liquid yields a lot of crap, but no pure citric acid. You most likely need to
filter the lemon juice such that you obtain a clear liquid and then should allow to evaporate slowly. Maybe you then get fairly pure crystals of
citric acid.
But why take this cumbersome route to this acid. It can be purchased OTC in food stores, especially in stores for selling all kinds of (exotic)
spices. The citric acid can be purchased in such stores in crystalline form for just a few euros (dollars) per 100 gram.
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weiming1998
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About 20-30% NH3(ag). It would be slightly more concentrated if you distil, then chill. Whatever you do, concentrated ammonia solution is corrosive,
and stinks very, very badly. Also, it is poisonous.
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Vikascoder
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I live in a village but it is not developed and here only table salt is available i asked for sour salt to shopkeeper he replied they are hearing this
name first time. for what dishes or purposes citric acid is used in cooking. Tell as much you can about citric acid where to buy
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Bot0nist
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It is used for candy making and food preservation. Its at my store in the canning section. So, your having a hard time getting acetone, citric acid.
Do up already have the hexamine and peroxide. What is with your holy grail search for organic peroxides? And dont start telling me they are for rocket
propellants. I bet you couldn't assemble and launch a chlorate/sugar rocket, let alone a TCAP or HTMD rocket, without it failing.
If you ever do manage to synthesize some organic peroxides, which I doubt, you will be disappointed. They are useless for all but the most k3wl
endeavors.
[Edited on 10-2-2012 by Bot0nist]
U.T.F.S.E. and learn the joys of autodidacticism!
Don't judge each day only by the harvest you reap, but also by the seeds you sow.
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weiming1998
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Here is some advice for making citric acid:
1, Get a huge amount of lemon Juice (1 litre)
2, Filter until the liquid is devoid of any non-soluble substances.
3, Boil it down to a smaller size, then filter again.
4, Apply a calcium acetate solution to it.
5, Filter. You should get a precipate of calcium citrate
6, Place the calcium citrate in a flask and apply sulfuric acid (while cooling the solution)
7, In the case of sulfuric acid, carefully pour the unreacted acid away (if concentrated), then dissolve the powder formed in water (if you have
dilute sulfuric acid, skip to next step)
8, Filter, then evaporate the solution down. You get a powder that is citric acid.
Note: Use acids that will form insoluble calcium salts only, like sulfuric or oxalic acid. Do not use hydrochloric acid, as it will form soluble CaCl2
that is difficult to get rid of
There, you have (fairly) pure citric acid from lemon juice!
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Vikascoder
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Bot0nist i have prepared hexamine from formaline and ammonium hydroxide i have 6% 20 vol hydrogen peroxide which i buyed from medical store it
contains a stabilising agent . I have now 50ml acetone which i made from isopropanol i have prepared acetone peroxide before by using 75 ml h2o2 , 25
ml acetone 98% and 10 ml 8% hcl i let it at 5'c for 10 hours then at 0'c for 20 and then at 5'c for next 10 hours yield was very low only 1 gram
acetone peroxide is there any way to increase the yield using the same concentration of material .
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Vikascoder
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Weiming 1998 thanks for telling me the process i read this process in the another thread that citric acid burnt at 70' c for this process of preparing
citric acid sulfuric acid of 30% concentration will work as dilute acid
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weiming1998
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Quote: Originally posted by Vikascoder  | | Weiming 1998 thanks for telling me the process i read this process in the another thread that citric acid burnt at 70' c for this process of preparing
citric acid sulfuric acid of 30% concentration will work as dilute acid |
Only very concentrated (80< sulfuric acid has a strong enough dehydrating
property to dehydrate the sugar, or citric acid. But, just to be careful, use 50% acid or less. If you only have concentrated acid, dilute by pouring
the acid into a set amount of water (not reverse!) As for a minimum amount, any concentration larger than probably 1% will work, but you will need a
lot more acid (in terms of volume) if you use, say 5% sulfuric acid.
Also, don't forget to put the solution in a low temperature (10> degrees celsius), just to be sure that the citric acid won't dehydrate.
[Edited on 11-2-2012 by weiming1998]
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Vikascoder
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How much calcium acetate is to be used. I have read in one of the thread on sciencemadness that HMTD can also be prepared by mixing hexamine in
acetic acid that is vinegar and yield is good only in one hour what are your views on this process
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weiming1998
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Acetic acid (dilute solution= vinegar) is not the same thing as calcium acetate! But you can make it by mixing that in sulfuric acid (note how many
times I said that something requires sulfuric acid). As I don't have sulfuric acid right now, I have tried to make glacial acetic acid with sodium
bisulfate+acetate. The problem is, the acid keeps on vaporizing the moment it is formed, and as I don't have a distillation setup, I cannot collect
the vapours.
Anyway, vinegar should be easy enough to come across, but hexamine should be very difficult to come across for you. You might try finding it in stove
fuel tablets ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamine_fuel_tablet )
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weiming1998
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| Quote: Originally posted by Vikascoder | | Bot0nist i have prepared hexamine from formaline and ammonium hydroxide i have 6% 20 vol hydrogen peroxide which i buyed from medical store it
contains a stabilising agent . I have now 50ml acetone which i made from isopropanol i have prepared acetone peroxide before by using 75 ml h2o2 , 25
ml acetone 98% and 10 ml 8% hcl i let it at 5'c for 10 hours then at 0'c for 20 and then at 5'c for next 10 hours yield was very low only 1 gram
acetone peroxide is there any way to increase the yield using the same concentration of material . |
Using that much acetone, HCl and hydrogen peroxide is extremely dangerous. If it all explodes, then you will be seriously injured. Experiments with
acetone peroxide should be done in milligram amounts.
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Vikascoder
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Weiming 1998 i wrote that i made hexamine from formaline and ammonia and i am asking that HMTD can be prepared by vinegar or sulphuric acid instead of
citric acid because in one of the thread i read that a person prepared HMTD by mixing hexamine in vinegar and than adding h2o2 and the whole process
completed in 1 hour so i am asking if this can be done or not
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weiming1998
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| Quote: Originally posted by Vikascoder | | Weiming 1998 i wrote that i made hexamine from formaline and ammonia and i am asking that HMTD can be prepared by vinegar or sulphuric acid instead of
citric acid because in one of the thread i read that a person prepared HMTD by mixing hexamine in vinegar and than adding h2o2 and the whole process
completed in 1 hour so i am asking if this can be done or not |
This said that you were making milligrams< amount of acetone peroxide
"i have prepared acetone peroxide before by using 75 ml h2o2 , 25 ml acetone 98% and 10 ml 8% hcl i let it at 5'c for 10 hours then at 0'c for 20 and
then at 5'c for next 10 hours yield was very low only 1 gram acetone peroxide is there any way to increase the yield using the same concentration of
material ."
So I was talking about that.
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Vikascoder
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Ok fine i got what were you talking about now tell that is HMTD can be prepared with vinegar
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weiming1998
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I don't even know what HTMD stands for... All the internet says is that it is an explosive and an organic peroxide.
Ok, now I have find out what it stands for. It is hexamethylene triperoxide diamine. According to Wikipedia(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexamethylene_triperoxide_diami...), the reaction between hexamine and H2O2 can also be catalyzed by dilute sulfuric
acid. No, I do not think vinegar will work, but you'd have to ask someone else for that, I don't have a clue.
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Vikascoder
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Ok doesnt matter weiming 1998 you helped me a lot . Thanks for your help . So is there anyone who has prepared HMTD from di ammonium phosphate . Or
from vinegar or sulphuric acid.
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Vikascoder
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Ok doesnt matter weiming 1998 you helped me a lot . Thanks for your help . So is there anyone who has prepared HMTD from di ammonium phosphate . Or
from vinegar or sulphuric acid.
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Vikascoder
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can sodium hydroxide be substituted by calcium hydroxide
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weiming1998
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What do you mean by that? In which reaction?
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Vikascoder
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i meant for making ammonium hydroxide from di ammonium phosphate can sodium hydroxide be substituted by calcium hydroxide
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weiming1998
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Yes it can. I replied to your U2U. Look there for more details.
[Edited on 11-3-2012 by weiming1998]
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Vikascoder
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Ya i got your u2u and got the information thanks
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Vikascoder
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Finally i have made HMTD from di ammonium phosphate by using it in to prepare ammonium sulphate than the way i mentioned in my first post . Yield is
low but satisfying
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