bnull
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Allophanic acid
Hello, everyone. Does anyone know anything about allophanic acid?
I'm very curious about it because the only mentions of it (that I could find) occur in an old book (Wöhler & Liebig, iirc) and some papers about
polymers and enzymes. Another source is a 1987 paper in the Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, which is almost impossible to find, whether online or at the
college library. I searched the forum and the only time it was mentioned was in connection with a chlorate-based explosive.
Any suggestion is appreciated.
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Sir_Gawain
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It has the formula H2NC(O)NHCO2H. It can be prepared by reacting urea (carbonyl diamide) with sodium bicarbonate.
“Alchemy is trying to turn things yellow; chemistry is trying to avoid things turning yellow.” -Tom deP.
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EF2000
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It can't. Allophanic acid is known only in the derivatives. Biuret is its amide. Esters are stable. And inorganic allophanates just hydrolyze back to
carbonates, urea and CO2. See for example, this paper: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00153a022 (full text).
Wroom wroom
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bnull
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Those were about the only things I knew about the acid, apart from the melting point. But thanks anyway.
I suppose I must be more specific. I'm going to prepare today a small quantity (about 2 g) of allophanic acid. I want to try some reactions with it
and, if all goes well (or not particularly tarry), prepare ethyl allophanate. Maybe even thioallophanic acid derivatives. It's more for curiosity than
practical uses (which I suppose are non-existent).
I thought of two routes: (1) add sodium bicarbonate to molten urea; (2) add a concentrated solution of sodium bicarbonate dropwise to urea in ethanol.
Also, I'm not interested in carcinogens or gaseous cyanides as by-products for obvious reasons.
Now you see where I am.
Note: I should have guessed it would decompose. In a preliminar test, I tried to prepare it in solution and put a drop of phenolphthalein just to see
how things would turn out. It went from slightly pinkish to pink in a couple of days.
[Edited on 15-1-2024 by bnull]
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clearly_not_atara
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I guess you might get somewhere the same way they make carbamate salts, by forming the anion of urea and reacting this with CO2.
[Edited on 04-20-1969 by clearly_not_atara]
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bnull
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I suppose quaternary ammonium salts are just as unstable.
Quod scripsi, scripsi.
B. N. Ull
P.S.: Did you know that we have a Library?
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bnull
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Quote: Originally posted by bnull  | | Another source is a 1987 paper in the Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, which is almost impossible to find, whether online or at the college library.
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I finally found a copy of the paper. It’s the original Russian version published in the Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii. The paper was
Google-translated because I can barely read Cyrillic. The result was not particularly bad and I’ll share the preparations exactly as translated
anyway.
Interaction of urea with alkali metal carbonates
A mixture of 63.6 g of anhydrous soda (sodium carbonate) and 36 g of urea was heated to 120 °C and kept with stirring until the
release of ammonia stopped. The reaction mass was washed with hot water (3 x 80 mL), dried and 7.2 g of sodium allophanate was obtained. IR spectrum
(cm-1): 3360, 3200 (NH), 1714, 1660 (CONH), 1330 (CNC, 1120, 1090, 800, 765, 640, 540, 473, 454, 306. % found: C 18.79, 19.07; H 2.18,
2.38; N 21.81, 22.21. C2H2N2NaO3. Calculated %: C 19.05, H 2.38, N 22.22.
A mixture of 69.1 g of anhydrous potassium [carbonate] and 30 g of urea was heated to 120 °C and kept with stirring until the evolution of
ammonia stopped. The reaction mass was washed with hot water (3 x 50 mL) and dried. We received [obtained] 15.4 g of potassium allophanate. IR
spectrum (cm-1): 3360, 3210 (NH), 1725, 1670 (CONH), 1305 (CNC), 1110, 1092, 772, 635, 555, 480, 460, 314. Found %: C 16.78, 16.92; H 2.10,
2.16; N 19.57, 19.77. C2H3KN2O3. Calculated %: C 16.90, H 2.11, N 19.72.
Interaction of urea with alkali metal bicarbonates
A mixture of 4.2 g of sodium bicarbonate and 6 g of urea in a sealed reactor was heated to 110 °C and kept for 3 hours. The
resulting reaction mass was washed with hot absolute ethanol, dried and 6.2 g of sodium allophanate was obtained, the yield was 98%. The IR spectrum
is identical to the spectrum of sodium allophanate obtained by the method described above. Found %: C 18.88, 19.18; H 2.31, 2.39; N 22.20, 22,50.
C2H2N2NaO3. Calculated %: C 19.05, H 2.38, N 22.22
The interaction of 5 g of potassium bicarbonate and 6 g of urea was carried out under the conditions of method A. We obtained 7.1 g of
potassium allophanate, yield 99%. The IR spectrum is identical to the spectrum of potassium allophanate obtained by the method described above. Found
%: C 16.79, 17.15; H 1.99, 2.13; N 19.57, 19.75. C2H3KN2O3. Calculated %: C 16.90, H 2.11, N 19.72.
Karachinskii, S. V.; Dragalov, V. V.; Chimishkyan, A. L.; Tsvetkov, V. Yu. (1987). "Reaction of urea with alkali metal carbonates". Zhurnal
Organicheskoi Khimii. 23: 93–6. The attached file is the original Russian.
Attachment: Karachinskii et al. (344kB)
This file has been downloaded 37 times
[Edited on 2-4-2024 by bnull]
Quod scripsi, scripsi.
B. N. Ull
P.S.: Did you know that we have a Library?
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kmno4
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Nice paper, it shades more light on the cyanates formation from urea+carbonate - multistep and complex reaction, which always amazed me.
Russian bandits from chemport.ru are sometimes useful for obtaining such papers, as in this case 
BTW. This russian journal has its english translation, but both ones are not available online. I used to talk with a man from Springer about it and he
said that " there is no chance for online access to it" but he did not explain why.... pity.
Слава Україні !
Героям слава !
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bnull
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It's quite beautiful even in that broken english.
| Quote: Originally posted by kmno4 | | Russian bandits from chemport.ru are sometimes useful for obtaining such papers, as in this case |
I saw some titles of what they have there. If I weren't so lazy to learn new languages...
| Quote: Originally posted by kmno4 | | BTW. This russian journal has its english translation, but both ones are not available online. I used to talk with a man from Springer about it and he
said that " there is no chance for online access to it" but he did not explain why.... pity. |
It has. And it's practically impossible to find a physical copy. My alma mater has none. It's sad.
Quod scripsi, scripsi.
B. N. Ull
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kmno4
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Even the best, largest and richest libraries have not all important literature on given subject. Even legendary Berichte, published at
Wiley's site has missing issues (I wonder if they know it).
The total lack of available online archives of important and interesting russian (translated or original) journals: organic, inorganic and applied
chemistry, is one of the most frustrating (me) things.
"HathiTrust Digital Library – Millions of books online" has all these russian journal scanned. But for who, if copyright is 100 years ? It makes no
sense. However, recently (COVID) they made some exception and granted temporary access to these journal to some univ's.
The Japanese made the best thing : they published their journals' archives online, for free, from the 1st volumes !.
Give me fast scanner and paper input - I will do the same in 1-2 years 
This is all bout it.
-------------------------
In attachment - slightly OCR-improved version of the russian paper.
[Edited on 8-4-2024 by kmno4]
Attachment: Karachinskii et al_3.pdf (117kB)
This file has been downloaded 29 times
Слава Україні !
Героям слава !
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bnull
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| Quote: Originally posted by kmno4 |
Even the best, largest and richest libraries have not all important literature on given subject. Even legendary Berichte, published at
Wiley's site has missing issues (I wonder if they know it). |
Chances are those who would be interested in the missing issues would choose to search somewhere else rather than send a complaint to Wiley.
Thanks.
Quod scripsi, scripsi.
B. N. Ull
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