Zirconium nitrate

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Zirconium nitrate
Names
IUPAC name
Zirconium(IV) nitrate
Other names
Tetranitratozirconium
Zirconium tetranitrate
Properties
ZrN4O12
Zr(NO3)4
Molar mass 339.243591 g/mol
Appearance Hygroscopic white volatile solid
Boiling point 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K) (decomposes)
Very soluble
Solubility Soluble in alcohols
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
500 mg/m3 (rat, 30 min)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Titanium nitrate
Hafnium nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Zirconium nitrate is a volatile anhydrous transition metal nitrate of zirconium with formula Zr(NO3)4.

Properties

Chemical

Zirconium nitrate decomposes when heated releasing nitrogen dioxide, and leaving behind zirconium dioxide aka zirconia.

Zirconium nitrate can be used as a Lewis acid catalyst in the formation of N-substituted pyrroles.

Anhydrous zirconium nitrate can nitrate some organic aromatic compounds in an unusual way. Quinoline is nitrated to 3-nitroquinoline and 7-nitroquinoline. Pyridine is nitrated to 3-nitropyridine and 4-nitropyridine.

Physical

Zirconium nitrate is a white hygroscopic volatile solid, very soluble in water and alcohols.

Availability

Zirconium nitrate is sold by chemical suppliers, though only the pentahydrate form seems to be sold.

Preparation

Anhydrous zirconium nitrate can by reacting zirconium(IV) chloride with dinitrogen pentoxide.

ZrCl4 + 4 N2O5 → Zr(NO3)4 + 4ClNO2

The product can be purified by sublimation under vacuum. A contaminating substance in this is nitronium pentanitratozirconate, (NO2)Zr(NO3)5.

Hydrated zirconium nitrate can be prepared by dissolving zirconium dioxide in nitric acid. Zirconium is highly resistant to nitric acid even in the presence of other impurities and high temperatures, thus the pure metal cannot be used instead. The hydrated form cannot be converted into the anhydrous form, as it decomposes.

Projects

Handling

Safety

Zirconium nitrate is a powerful oxidizer and harmful. Proper protection should be worn when handling the compound.

Storage

In dry airtight containers. Schlenck flasks, if available, can also be used.

Disposal

Should be dissolved into cooled water, then a base like sodium hydroxide should be added to precipitate the zircinium dioxide.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads