Difference between revisions of "Cyclohexane"
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| − | '''Cyclohexane''' is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>. | + | {{Chembox |
| + | | Name = Cyclohexane | ||
| + | | Reference = | ||
| + | | IUPACName = Cyclohexane | ||
| + | | PIN = | ||
| + | | SystematicName = | ||
| + | | OtherNames = Hexahydrobenzene<br>Hexamethylene<br>Hexanaphthene | ||
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| + | <!-- Sections --> | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| + | | 3DMet = | ||
| + | | Abbreviations = | ||
| + | | SMILES = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| + | | Appearance = Colorless liquid | ||
| + | | BoilingPt = | ||
| + | | BoilingPtC = 80.74 | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Density = 0.7781 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | ||
| + | | Formula = C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub> | ||
| + | | HenryConstant = | ||
| + | | LogP = | ||
| + | | MolarMass = 84.16 g/mol | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = | ||
| + | | MeltingPtC = 6.47 | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Odor = Gasoline-like | ||
| + | | pKa = | ||
| + | | pKb = | ||
| + | | Solubility = 0.0055 g/100 ml (25 °C) | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = Miscible with [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[carbon tetrachloride]], [[diethyl ether]], [[ethanol]], ligroin, olive oil | ||
| + | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | VaporPressure = 78 mmHg (20 °C) | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| + | | Coordination = | ||
| + | | CrystalStruct = | ||
| + | | MolShape = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
| + | | DeltaGf = | ||
| + | | DeltaHc = -3,920 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | DeltaHf = -156 kJ/mol | ||
| + | | Entropy = | ||
| + | | HeatCapacity = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive | ||
| + | | ShockSens = | ||
| + | | FrictionSens = | ||
| + | | DetonationV = | ||
| + | | REFactor = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | AutoignitionPt = 245 °C (473 °F; 518 K) | ||
| + | | ExploLimits = 1.3%-8% | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/bQsOWvh/cyclohexane-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich] | ||
| + | | FlashPt = −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K) | ||
| + | | LD50 = 12,705 mg/kg (rat, oral)<br>813 mg/kg (mouse, oral) | ||
| + | | LC50 = | ||
| + | | MainHazards = Flammable | ||
| + | | NFPA-F = | ||
| + | | NFPA-H = | ||
| + | | NFPA-R = | ||
| + | | NFPA-S = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section7 = {{Chembox Related | ||
| + | | OtherAnions = | ||
| + | | OtherCations = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| + | | OtherCompounds = [[Cyclopentane]]<br>[[Cycloheptane]] | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | '''Cyclohexane''' is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula '''C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>'''. | ||
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
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==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| − | + | Cyclohexane is sold by chemical suppliers. | |
==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | Cyclohexane can be prepared via a Wurtz reaction of 1,6-dibromohexane. Catalytic hydrogenation of [[benzene]] will yield cyclohexane. | + | Cyclohexane can be prepared via a Wurtz reaction of 1,6-dibromohexane. |
| + | |||
| + | Catalytic hydrogenation of [[benzene]] will also yield cyclohexane. | ||
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
| − | + | *Organic extractions | |
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
| − | |||
===Safety=== | ===Safety=== | ||
| + | Cyclohexane is flammable and should be handled with care. It is also harmful if inhaled, so wear proper protection. | ||
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
| + | Cyclohexane should be kept in closed bottles, in a solvent cabinet. | ||
===Disposal=== | ===Disposal=== | ||
| + | Cyclohexane should be destroyed by carefully incinerating it. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=11173 Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane] | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=15328 Alternative to cyclohexane for halogen extraction] | ||
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Organic compounds]] | [[Category:Organic compounds]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Hydrocarbons]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Cycloalkanes]] | ||
[[Category:Solvents]] | [[Category:Solvents]] | ||
[[Category:Nonpolar solvents]] | [[Category:Nonpolar solvents]] | ||
[[Category:Volatile chemicals]] | [[Category:Volatile chemicals]] | ||
[[Category:Liquids]] | [[Category:Liquids]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:37, 31 March 2020
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Cyclohexane
| |
| Other names
Hexahydrobenzene
Hexamethylene Hexanaphthene | |
| Properties | |
| C6H12 | |
| Molar mass | 84.16 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like |
| Density | 0.7781 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 6.47 °C (43.65 °F; 279.62 K) |
| Boiling point | 80.74 °C (177.33 °F; 353.89 K) |
| 0.0055 g/100 ml (25 °C) | |
| Solubility | Miscible with acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, diethyl ether, ethanol, ligroin, olive oil |
| Vapor pressure | 78 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
-156 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
12,705 mg/kg (rat, oral) 813 mg/kg (mouse, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Cyclopentane Cycloheptane |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula C6H12.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Cyclohexane will burn in air to release water vapor and carbon dioxide.
Physical
Cyclohexane is a colourless, flammable liquid with a distinctive detergent-like odor, reminiscent of cleaning products.
Availability
Cyclohexane is sold by chemical suppliers.
Preparation
Cyclohexane can be prepared via a Wurtz reaction of 1,6-dibromohexane.
Catalytic hydrogenation of benzene will also yield cyclohexane.
Projects
- Organic extractions
Handling
Safety
Cyclohexane is flammable and should be handled with care. It is also harmful if inhaled, so wear proper protection.
Storage
Cyclohexane should be kept in closed bottles, in a solvent cabinet.
Disposal
Cyclohexane should be destroyed by carefully incinerating it.
