Potassium peroxymonosulfate

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Potassium peroxymonosulfate
Potassium peroxymonosulfate Oxone sample.jpg
Store grade Oxone on a watch glass.
Names
IUPAC name
Potassium peroxymonosulfate
Other names
Potassium monopersulfate
Oxone
Caroat
MPS
Properties
KHSO5
2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4 (Oxone)
Molar mass 152.2 g/mol (614.76 as triple salt)
Appearance White
Density 2.17 g/cm3
Decomposes
Hazards
Safety data sheet ScienceLab
Related compounds
Related compounds
Potassium persulfate
Potassium pyrosulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Potassium peroxymonosulfate, also known potassium monopersulfate or MPS, is the potassium acid salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid, with the chemical formula KHSO5. It is sold under the trade names Caroat and Oxone, where it exists as a mixture consisting of of 2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4, as pure potassium peroxymonosulfate is unstable and breaks down in the latter two.

Properties

Chemical

Potassium peroxymonosulfate is a strong oxidizer, capable of oxidizing organic substances into various compounds, such as: aldehydes to carboxylic acids, alcoholic solvents to their coresponding esters, cleaving internal alkenes to two carboxylic acids and terminal alkenes to epoxides, ketones to dioxiranes, thioethers to sulfones, tertiary amines to amine oxides and phosphines to phosphine oxides.

Physical

Oxone is a white granular solid, with a weak bleach-like smell, that decomposes in the presence of water.

Availability

Potassium peroxymonosulfate is sold under the name of Oxone in most swimming pool stores and various home-improvement and gardening retailer stores.

Preparation

Potassium peroxymonosulfate can be prepared by reacting a concentrated solution of Caro's acid with a potassium salt, such as potassium carbonate. Potassium hydroxide can also be used.[1]

It can also be obtained via electrolysis of potassium persulfate in sulfuric acid. Potassium sulfate appears as a byproduct.[2]

Adding hydrogen peroxide to potassium persulfate also yields potassium peroxymonosulfate.[3]

Another method involves the hydrolysis of sodium persulfate at 100 °C to yield peroxydisulfuric acid. Solid potassium bisulfite is added, and the solution is filtered to remove the resulting potassium sulfate. The filtrate is freeze-dried and then washed with distilled water and filtered again at room temperature. The resulting filtrate is chilled on an ice bath, and the product is recrystallized for better purity.[4]

Projects

Handling

Safety

Potassium peroxymonosulfate is a strong oxidizer and should be kept away from any reducing agents or organic compounds.

Storage

Oxone should be kept in closed plastic or glass containers, away from any combustible materials.

Disposal

Can be neutralized with water and an alkali and poured down the drain.

References

  1. http://www.google.com/patents/US4610865
  2. "Thomas Slater Price, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1906, vol 89, p 56". 
  3. Klemenc, A.; Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung A: Chemische Thermodynamik, Kinetik, Elektrochemie, Eigenschaftslehre; vol. 185; (1939); p. 1 - 36
  4. "Price, J. S.; Tasker, I. R.; Appelman, E. H.; O'Hare, P. A. G.; Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics; vol. 18; nb. 10; (1986); p. 923 - 930". 

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