Cadmium nitrate

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Cadmium nitrate
Names
IUPAC name
Cadmium(II) nitrate
Other names
Cadmium dinitrate
Nitric acid, cadmium salt
Properties
Cd(NO3)2
Molar mass 236.422 g/mol
Appearance Hygroscopic crystalline solid
Odor Odorless
Density 3.6 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.45 g/cm3 (tetrahdyrate)
Melting point anhydrous
360 °C (680 °F; 633 K)
tetrahydrate
59.5 °C (139.1 °F; 332.6 K)
Boiling point Decomposes
109.7 g/100 ml (0 °C)
126.6 g/100 ml (18 °C)
139.8 g/100 ml (30 °C)
320.9 g/100 ml (59.5 °C)
Solubility Soluble in ammonia, alcohols, acetone, diethyl ether, DMSO
Solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide 30 g/100 ml (25 °C) (tetrahydrate)
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich (tetrahydrate)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
300 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Zinc nitrate
Mercury(II) nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Cadmium nitrate is the cadmium salt of nitric acid, with the formula Cd(NO3)2. It is commonly encountered as tetrahydrate.

Properties

Chemical

Heating cadmium nitrate causes it to decompose to cadmium oxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

Cd(NO3)2 → CdO + 2 NO2 + ½ O2

Physical

Cadmium nitrate is a crystalline solid, soluble in water.

Availability

Cadmium nitrate is sold by chemical suppliers, but it's not easy to acquire, due to its hazards.

Preparation

Can be prepared by dissolving cadmium metal or better, cadmium oxide in nitric acid.

Cd + 4 HNO3 → Cd(NO3)2 + 2 NO2 + 2 H2O (concentrated acid)
3 Cd + 8 HNO3 → 3 Cd(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 H2O (diluted acid)
CdO + 2 HNO3 → Cd(NO3)2 + H2O

Projects

  • Flash powder
  • Make CdS nanoparticles[1]
  • Compound collecting

Handling

Safety

Cadmium nitrate is extremely toxic and is classified as Group 1 carcinogen. Wear proper protection when handling it.

Storage

Cadmium nitrate should be kept in closed and air-tight bottles, as it's hygroscopic.

Disposal

Should be converted to an insoluble cadmium compound, such as cadmium sulfide and taken to hazardous waste disposal centers.

References

  1. http://www.isca.in/rjcs/Archives/v2/i8/12.ISCA-RJCS-2012-093.pdf

Relevant Sciencemadness threads