Difference between revisions of "Potassium sodium tartrate"

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| Name = Potassium sodium tartrate
 
| Name = Potassium sodium tartrate
 
| Reference =
 
| Reference =
| IUPACName =  
+
| IUPACName = Sodium potassium L(+)-tartrate tetrahydrate
Sodium potassium L(+)-tartrate tetrahydrate
+
 
| PIN =
 
| PIN =
 
| SystematicName =
 
| SystematicName =
| OtherNames = Rochelle Salt<br>Seignette Salt
+
| OtherNames = E337<br>Rochelle salt<br>Seignette salt
 
<!-- Images -->
 
<!-- Images -->
| ImageFile =  
+
| ImageFile = Potassium sodium tartrate bottle and sample.jpg
| ImageSize =  
+
| ImageSize = 300
 
| ImageAlt =  
 
| ImageAlt =  
 
| ImageName =  
 
| ImageName =  
 +
| ImageCaption = Potassium sodium tartrate aka Rochelle salt
 
| ImageFile1 =  
 
| ImageFile1 =  
 
| ImageSize1 =  
 
| ImageSize1 =  
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
 
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
 
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =  
 
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =  
| Appearance = large colorless monoclinic needles
+
| Appearance = Large colorless monoclinic needles
 
| BoilingPt =  
 
| BoilingPt =  
| BoilingPtC =  
+
| BoilingPtC = 220
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
| BoilingPt_notes =  
+
| BoilingPt_notes = (decomposes)
| Density = 1.79 g/cm³
+
| Density = 1.79 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Formula = KNaC4H4O6·4H2O
+
| Formula = KNaC<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> (anhydrous)<br>KNaC<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O (tetrahydrate)
 
| HenryConstant =  
 
| HenryConstant =  
 
| LogP =  
 
| LogP =  
| MolarMass =282.1 g/mol
+
| MolarMass = 210.16 g/mol (anhydrous)<br>282.1 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
| MeltingPt = 167
+
| MeltingPt =  
 
| MeltingPtC = 75
 
| MeltingPtC = 75
 
| MeltingPt_ref=  
 
| MeltingPt_ref=  
 
| MeltingPt_notes =  
 
| MeltingPt_notes =  
 +
| Odor = Odorless
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKb =  
 
| pKb =  
| Solubility = 26 g / 100 mL (0 ); 66 g / 100 mL (26 )
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| Solubility = 26 g/100 ml (0 °C)<br>47.4 g/100 ml (6 °C)<br>66 g/100 ml (26 °C)
| SolubleOther =  
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| SolubleOther = Insoluble in [[acetone]], [[ethanol]]
 
| Solvent =  
 
| Solvent =  
| VaporPressure =  
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| VaporPressure = ~0 mmHg
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 
| Coordination =  
 
| Coordination =  
| CrystalStruct =  
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| CrystalStruct = Orthorhombic
 
| MolShape =  
 
| MolShape =  
 
   }}
 
   }}
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| AutoignitionPt =  
 
| AutoignitionPt =  
 
| ExploLimits =  
 
| ExploLimits =  
| ExternalMSDS =  
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| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/39gecWA/potassium-sodium-tartrate-tetrahydrate-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich] (tetrahydrate)
 
| FlashPt =  
 
| FlashPt =  
 
| LD50 =  
 
| LD50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
| MainHazards =  
+
| MainHazards = Irritant
 
| NFPA-F =  
 
| NFPA-F =  
 
| NFPA-H =  
 
| NFPA-H =  
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| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
| OtherCompounds =  
+
| OtherCompounds = [[Tartaric acid]]<br>[[Potassium antimony tartrate]]
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
}}
 
}}
'''Potassium sodium tartrate''' ('''tetrahydrate'''), more commonly known as '''Rochelle Salt''', is a double salt of tartaric acid first prepared (around 1675) by an apothecary, Pierre Seignette, of La Rochelle, France.
+
'''Potassium sodium tartrate''' ('''tetrahydrate'''), more commonly known as '''Rochelle salt''', is a double salt of tartaric acid first prepared (around 1675) by an apothecary, Pierre Seignette, of La Rochelle, France.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
 
===Chemical===
 
===Chemical===
 
+
Addition of a strong acid, like [[hydrochloric acid]], will give [[tartaric acid]].
  
 
===Physical===
 
===Physical===
 
+
Potassium sodium tartrate is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water.
==Uses==
+
*Potassium Sodium Tartrate is used in the preparation of [[Biuret reagent]].
+
*Potassium Sodium Tartrate is used in the the preparation of [[Fehling's Solution]]
+
*Potassium Sodium Tartrate is used in "crystal" microphones.
+
*Potassium Sodium Tartrate is used as an alkaline buffer.
+
*Potassium Sodium Tartrate has been used as a laxative.
+
  
 
==Availability==
 
==Availability==
Potassium Sodium Tartrate is readily available on EBay.
+
Rochelle's salt can be bought from chemical suppliers, in bulk, and it's fairly cheap.
 +
 
 +
Potassium sodium tartrate is readily available on eBay and Amazon.
  
 
==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
Delete this section if not applicable
+
Can be prepared by neutralizing [[tartaric acid]] with sodium and potassium carbonates, bicarbonates or hydroxides.
 +
 
 +
A much simpler and straightforward route involves neutralization of [[potassium bitartrate]] with [[sodium hydroxide]].
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
* [[Biuret reagent]]
+
* Make [[Biuret reagent]]
* [[Fehling's Solution]]
+
* Make [[Fehling's solution]]
 +
*Demonstration of [[piezoelectricity]]
 +
*Make "crystal" microphones
 +
*Alkaline buffer
 +
*Laxative
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
Can be irritating to skin.
 
 
 
===Safety===
 
===Safety===
 +
Potassium sodium tartrate has low toxicity, though the dry salt can be irritating to skin, mouth, nose and eyes.
 +
 +
Ingestion of large amounts of Rochelle salt will lead to bloating and diarrhea.
  
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
Potassium Sodium Tartrate is very deliquescent and should be stored in a sealed container.
+
Potassium sodium tartrate is very deliquescent and should be stored in a sealed container.
  
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
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<references/>
 
<references/>
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=29021 Potassium Sodium Tartrate Not Crystallizing]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=9688 Sodium Potassium Tartrate Mystery]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=60103 Issues with Rochelle's Salt Synthesis]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=8554 Troubles crystallizing my homemade Rochelle salt]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=76604 Crystallizing my own piezo pickups (Rochelle salt)?]
  
 
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
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[[Category:Tartrates]]
 
[[Category:Tartrates]]
 
[[Category:Double salts]]
 
[[Category:Double salts]]
 +
[[Category:Chemicals for crystal growing]]
 +
[[Category:Solids]]

Latest revision as of 12:16, 26 November 2022

Potassium sodium tartrate
Potassium sodium tartrate bottle and sample.jpg
Potassium sodium tartrate aka Rochelle salt
Names
IUPAC name
Sodium potassium L(+)-tartrate tetrahydrate
Other names
E337
Rochelle salt
Seignette salt
Properties
KNaC4H4O6 (anhydrous)
KNaC4H4O6·4H2O (tetrahydrate)
Molar mass 210.16 g/mol (anhydrous)
282.1 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
Appearance Large colorless monoclinic needles
Odor Odorless
Density 1.79 g/cm3
Melting point 75 °C (167 °F; 348 K)
Boiling point 220 °C (428 °F; 493 K) (decomposes)
26 g/100 ml (0 °C)
47.4 g/100 ml (6 °C)
66 g/100 ml (26 °C)
Solubility Insoluble in acetone, ethanol
Vapor pressure ~0 mmHg
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich (tetrahydrate)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Tartaric acid
Potassium antimony tartrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Potassium sodium tartrate (tetrahydrate), more commonly known as Rochelle salt, is a double salt of tartaric acid first prepared (around 1675) by an apothecary, Pierre Seignette, of La Rochelle, France.

Properties

Chemical

Addition of a strong acid, like hydrochloric acid, will give tartaric acid.

Physical

Potassium sodium tartrate is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water.

Availability

Rochelle's salt can be bought from chemical suppliers, in bulk, and it's fairly cheap.

Potassium sodium tartrate is readily available on eBay and Amazon.

Preparation

Can be prepared by neutralizing tartaric acid with sodium and potassium carbonates, bicarbonates or hydroxides.

A much simpler and straightforward route involves neutralization of potassium bitartrate with sodium hydroxide.

Projects

Handling

Safety

Potassium sodium tartrate has low toxicity, though the dry salt can be irritating to skin, mouth, nose and eyes.

Ingestion of large amounts of Rochelle salt will lead to bloating and diarrhea.

Storage

Potassium sodium tartrate is very deliquescent and should be stored in a sealed container.

Disposal

Dissolve in large excess of water and put down drain.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads