Difference between revisions of "Barium oxide"

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(Created page with "{{Chembox | Name = Barium oxide | Reference = | IUPACName = Barium oxide | PIN = | SystematicName = | OtherNames = Baria<br>Barium protoxide<br>Barium monoxide<br>Calcined bar...")
 
 
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==Properties==
 
==Properties==
 
===Chemical===
 
===Chemical===
Barium oxide reacts with water to give [[barium hydroxide]].
+
Barium oxide reacts exothermically with water to give [[barium hydroxide]].
 +
 
 +
: BaO + H<sub>2</sub>O → Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub>
  
 
Reaction with acids yields barium salts.
 
Reaction with acids yields barium salts.
 +
 +
: BaO + 2 HX → BaX<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O
 +
 +
Barium oxide reacts with oxygen to form [[barium peroxide]], above 500 °C, but breaks down to barium oxide and oxygen above 820 °C.
 +
 +
: 2 BaO + O<sub>2</sub> ⇌ 2 BaO<sub>2</sub>
  
 
===Physical===
 
===Physical===
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Barium oxide can be prepared by burning [[barium]] metal in an [[oxygen]] atmosphere.
 
Barium oxide can be prepared by burning [[barium]] metal in an [[oxygen]] atmosphere.
  
Reducing [[barium carbonate]] with carbon will also give barium oxide.
+
: 2 Ba + O<sub>2</sub> → 2 BaO
 +
 
 +
Thermal decomposition of barium carbonate will yield barium oxide.
 +
 
 +
: BaCO<sub>3</sub> → BaO + CO<sub>2</sub>
 +
 
 +
Reducing [[barium carbonate]] with [[carbon]] will also give barium oxide.
 +
 
 +
: BaCO<sub>3</sub> + C → BaO + 2 CO
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==

Latest revision as of 20:32, 13 March 2024

Barium oxide
Names
IUPAC name
Barium oxide
Other names
Baria
Barium protoxide
Barium monoxide
Calcined baryta
Properties
BaO
Molar mass 153.326 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Odor Odorless
Density 5.72 g/cm3
Melting point 1,923 °C (3,493 °F; 2,196 K)
Boiling point 2,000 °C (3,630 °F; 2,270 K)
Reacts
Solubility Reacts with alcohols, acids, bromine, phenol
Insoluble in liq. ammonia, organic solvents
Vapor pressure ~0 mmHg
Thermochemistry
70 J·mol−1·K−1
−582 kJ/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
146 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Strontium oxide
Calcium oxide
Magnesium oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Barium oxide is a white hygroscopic compound with the chemical formula BaO.

Properties

Chemical

Barium oxide reacts exothermically with water to give barium hydroxide.

BaO + H2O → Ba(OH)2

Reaction with acids yields barium salts.

BaO + 2 HX → BaX2 + H2O

Barium oxide reacts with oxygen to form barium peroxide, above 500 °C, but breaks down to barium oxide and oxygen above 820 °C.

2 BaO + O2 ⇌ 2 BaO2

Physical

Barium oxide is a white solid, insoluble in solvents.

Availability

Barium oxide is sold by chemical suppliers. Can also be bought online.

Preparation

Barium oxide can be prepared by burning barium metal in an oxygen atmosphere.

2 Ba + O2 → 2 BaO

Thermal decomposition of barium carbonate will yield barium oxide.

BaCO3 → BaO + CO2

Reducing barium carbonate with carbon will also give barium oxide.

BaCO3 + C → BaO + 2 CO

Projects

  • Make barium salts
  • Make barium peroxide
  • Ethoxylation catalyst
  • Make crown glass

Handling

Safety

Barium oxide is caustic and very toxic.

Storage

In closed plastic bottles, away from moisture and acids.

Disposal

Should be converted to barium sulfate, which can be dumped in trash.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads