Difference between revisions of "Potassium sulfate"
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| PIN = | | PIN = | ||
| SystematicName = | | SystematicName = | ||
| − | | OtherNames = | + | | OtherNames = Arcanite<br>Potash of sulfur<br>Potassium sulphate<br>Sulphate of potash |
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<!-- Images --> | <!-- Images --> | ||
| − | | ImageFile = | + | | ImageFile = File:K2 SO4.jpg |
| ImageSize = | | ImageSize = | ||
| ImageAlt = | | ImageAlt = | ||
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| MeltingPt_ref = | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| MeltingPt_notes = | | MeltingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Odor = Odorless | ||
| pKa = | | pKa = | ||
| pKb = | | pKb = | ||
| Solubility = 111 g/L (20 °C)<br>120 g/L (25 °C)<br>240 g/L (100 °C) | | Solubility = 111 g/L (20 °C)<br>120 g/L (25 °C)<br>240 g/L (100 °C) | ||
| − | | SolubleOther = | + | | SolubleOther = Slightly soluble in [[glycerol]]<br>Insoluble in [[acetone]], [[carbon disulfide]], [[ethanol]] |
| − | | Solvent = | + | | Solvent = |
| VaporPressure = | | VaporPressure = | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| Coordination = | | Coordination = | ||
| − | | CrystalStruct = | + | | CrystalStruct = Orthorhombic |
| MolShape = | | MolShape = | ||
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| − | | AutoignitionPt = | + | | AutoignitionPt = Non-flammable |
| ExploLimits = | | ExploLimits = | ||
| − | | ExternalMSDS = | + | | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.ch.ntu.edu.tw/~genchem99/msds/exp19/K2SO4.pdf Fisher Scientific] |
| − | | FlashPt = | + | | FlashPt = Non-flammable |
| − | | LD50 = | + | | LD50 = 6600 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| LC50 = | | LC50 = | ||
| − | | MainHazards = | + | | MainHazards = Irritant |
| NFPA-F = | | NFPA-F = | ||
| NFPA-H = | | NFPA-H = | ||
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| OtherFunction = | | OtherFunction = | ||
| OtherFunction_label = | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| − | | OtherCompounds = | + | | OtherCompounds = [[Potassium bisulfate]] |
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | '''Potassium sulfate''' (K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) or '''potassium sulphate''', also known as '''arcanite''', '''sulphate of potash''' or '''potash of sulfur''' is a soluble potassium salt of sulfuric acid. | + | '''Potassium sulfate''' ('''K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>''') or '''potassium sulphate''', also known as '''arcanite''', '''sulphate of potash''' or '''potash of sulfur''' is a soluble potassium salt of [[sulfuric acid]]. |
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
===Chemical=== | ===Chemical=== | ||
Potassium salt will react with [[sulfuric acid]] to form [[potassium bisulfate]]. | Potassium salt will react with [[sulfuric acid]] to form [[potassium bisulfate]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | : K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> → 2 KHSO<sub>4</sub> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Reduction of potassium sulfate with carbon yields potassium sulfide. | ||
| + | |||
| + | : K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + 4 C → K<sub>2</sub>S + 4 CO | ||
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
| − | Potassium sulfate is a white odorless solid, with a | + | Potassium sulfate is a white odorless solid, with a bitter taste. It is soluble in water, slightly soluble in [[glycerol]], but insoluble in [[acetone]], [[carbon disulfide]], [[ethanol]]. |
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
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==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| − | Can be prepared by reacting potassium carbonate with sulfuric acid. | + | Can be prepared by reacting [[potassium carbonate]] with sulfuric acid. |
| + | |||
| + | : K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> → K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O + CO<sub>2</sub> | ||
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
| − | *Make | + | *Make potassium nitrate |
| + | *Grow crystals | ||
==Handling== | ==Handling== | ||
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===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
| − | + | Potassium carbonate must be kept in closed bottles. | |
===Disposal=== | ===Disposal=== | ||
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<references/> | <references/> | ||
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
| + | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=14504 Potassium sulphate insoluble residue...] | ||
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
| Line 148: | Line 154: | ||
[[Category:Potassium compounds]] | [[Category:Potassium compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Sulfates]] | [[Category:Sulfates]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Neutral salts]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Chemicals for crystal growing]] | ||
[[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]] | [[Category:Easily prepared chemicals]] | ||
[[Category:Readily available chemicals]] | [[Category:Readily available chemicals]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Essential reagents]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:45, 7 December 2017
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Potassium sulfate
| |
| Other names
Arcanite
Potash of sulfur Potassium sulphate Sulphate of potash | |
| Properties | |
| K2SO4 | |
| Molar mass | 174.259 g/mol |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 2.66 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 1,069 °C (1,956 °F; 1,342 K) |
| Boiling point | 1,689 °C (3,072 °F; 1,962 K) |
| 111 g/L (20 °C) 120 g/L (25 °C) 240 g/L (100 °C) | |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in glycerol Insoluble in acetone, carbon disulfide, ethanol |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Fisher Scientific |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose)
|
6600 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Potassium bisulfate |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) or potassium sulphate, also known as arcanite, sulphate of potash or potash of sulfur is a soluble potassium salt of sulfuric acid.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Potassium salt will react with sulfuric acid to form potassium bisulfate.
- K2SO4 + H2SO4 → 2 KHSO4
Reduction of potassium sulfate with carbon yields potassium sulfide.
- K2SO4 + 4 C → K2S + 4 CO
Physical
Potassium sulfate is a white odorless solid, with a bitter taste. It is soluble in water, slightly soluble in glycerol, but insoluble in acetone, carbon disulfide, ethanol.
Availability
Potassium sulfate is available as a fertilizer, either pure or mixed with other materials.
Preparation
Can be prepared by reacting potassium carbonate with sulfuric acid.
- K2CO3 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + H2O + CO2
Projects
- Make potassium nitrate
- Grow crystals
Handling
Safety
Potassium sulfate has little toxicity, though it be irritant.
Storage
Potassium carbonate must be kept in closed bottles.
Disposal
Can be safely dumped in soil.
