Difference between revisions of "Heptane"

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| Name = Heptane
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| Reference =
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| IUPACName = Heptane
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| PIN =
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| SystematicName =
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| OtherNames = n-Heptane
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| ImageFile = Heptane bottle and sample.jpg
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| ImageSize = 280
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| ImageCaption = n-Heptane bottle and sample from it
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
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| 3DMet =
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| Abbreviations =
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| SMILES = CCCCCCC
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  }}
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
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| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
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| Appearance = Colorless liquid
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| BoilingPt =
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| BoilingPtC = 98.1 to 98.7
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| BoilingPt_ref =
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| BoilingPt_notes =
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| Density = 0.6795 g/ml
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| Formula = C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>
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| HenryConstant = 12 nmol Pa<sup>−1</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup>
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| LogP = 4.274
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| MolarMass = 100.21 g/mol
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| MeltingPt =
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| MeltingPtC = −91.0 to −90.1
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| Odor = Gasoline-like
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| pKa =
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| Solubility = 0.0003% (20 °C)
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| SolubleOther = Miscible with [[ethanol]]
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| Solvent =
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| VaporPressure = 5.33 kPa (at 20.0 °C)
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| DeltaGf =
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| DeltaHc = −4.825–−4.809 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| DeltaHf = −225.2–−223.6 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| Entropy = 328.57 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| HeatCapacity = 224.64 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
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| ShockSens = Non-explosive
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| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
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| AutoignitionPt = 223.0 °C
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| ExploLimits = 1.05–6.7%
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| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9924237 ScienceLab]
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| FlashPt = −4.0 °C
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| LD50 = 17,986 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
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| MainHazards = Flammable, irritant
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Related
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| OtherAnions =
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| OtherFunction =
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| OtherCompounds = [[Hexane]]<br>[[Octane]]
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}}
 
'''Heptane''' or '''n-heptane''' is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula '''C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>'''.
 
'''Heptane''' or '''n-heptane''' is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula '''C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>'''.
  

Revision as of 18:07, 28 February 2016

Heptane
Heptane bottle and sample.jpg
n-Heptane bottle and sample from it
Names
IUPAC name
Heptane
Other names
n-Heptane
Identifiers
Jmol-3D images Image
Properties
C7H16
Molar mass 100.21 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Gasoline-like
Density 0.6795 g/ml
Melting point −91.0 to −90.1 °C (−131.8 to −130.2 °F; 182.2 to 183.1 K)
Boiling point 98.1 to 98.7 °C (208.6 to 209.7 °F; 371.2 to 371.8 K)
0.0003% (20 °C)
Solubility Miscible with ethanol
Vapor pressure 5.33 kPa (at 20.0 °C)
Thermochemistry
328.57 J K−1 mol−1
−225.2–−223.6 kJ mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet ScienceLab
Flash point −4.0 °C
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
17,986 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Hexane
Octane
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Heptane or n-heptane is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula C7H16.

Properties

Chemical

Heptane will burn when ignited in air.

Physical

Heptane is a colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor.

Availability

Certain types of lighter fluids contain heptane.

Car starting fluids contain a mixture of heptane and diethyl ether. Due to the large difference between their boiling points, the mixture can be separated by first distilling the ether, and then the heptane. However, some formulas may also contain other isomers of heptane, making the extraction of the pure n-heptane complicated.

Preparation

Heptane can be prepared by reducing heptane derivates. However it is generally much cheaper to simply buy the compound.

Projects

  • Identify aqueous bromine from iodine
  • Organic extractions

Handling

Safety

Heptane is flammable and it's vapors may be irritant if inhaled.

Storage

Heptane is best stored in closed bottles, kept in cold, dark and well ventilated places.

Disposal

Heptane can be safely burned in open air or in an incinerator.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads

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