Difference between revisions of "1,2-Dichloroethane"

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 119: Line 119:
  
 
==Availability==
 
==Availability==
1,2-Dichloroethane is mostly bought from chemical suppliers rather than ordinary retail stores due to its inherent dangers. In some countries, however, it is sold in hobby stores with no questions asked as a solvent for fusing plastic parts to each other, most often mixed with various hydrocarbons.
+
1,2-Dichloroethane is mostly bought from chemical suppliers rather than ordinary retail stores due to its inherent dangers. In some countries, however, it is sold in hobby stores with no questions asked as a solvent for fusing plastic parts to each other, most often mixed with various hydrocarbons. You can purify the compound from the mixture via fractional distillation.
  
 
==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==

Revision as of 21:54, 7 November 2018

1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane ball and stick structure.png
Structure of 1,2-dichloroethane
Names
IUPAC name
1,2-Dichloroethane
Other names
DCA
DCE
Dutch liquid
Dutch oil
Ethane dichloride
Ethylene dichloride
Freon 150
Properties
C2H4Cl2
Molar mass 98.954 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Chloroform-like
Density 1.253 g/cm3
Melting point −35 °C (−31 °F; 238 K)
Boiling point 84 °C (183 °F; 357 K)
0.87 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility Miscible with alcohols, ethers, ketones
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 13 °C (55 °F; 286 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
3,000 ppm (guinea pig, 7 hr)
1,000 ppm (rat, 7 hr)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Dichloromethane
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

1,2-dichloroethane, or ethylene dichloride, is a common solvent and reagent, going by the abbreviations EDC and 1,2-DCA. It is also used to make vinyl chloride, the major precursor to polyvinyl chloride, commonly known as PVC.

Properties

Chemical

Ethylene dichloride is a slightly reactive polar solvent. It is sometimes used as a precursor to ethylenediamine and 1,1,1-trichloroethane[1].

Physical

Ethylene dichloride is colorless and has a high index of refraction, giving it a shiny appearance, similar to chloroform, which it also shares a similar smells. It is a versatile solvent, though it does form azeotropes with water and many other solvents.

Availability

1,2-Dichloroethane is mostly bought from chemical suppliers rather than ordinary retail stores due to its inherent dangers. In some countries, however, it is sold in hobby stores with no questions asked as a solvent for fusing plastic parts to each other, most often mixed with various hydrocarbons. You can purify the compound from the mixture via fractional distillation.

Preparation

1,2-Dichloroethane can be prepared by bubbling chlorine through ethylene solution (e.g. dissolved in carbon tetrachloride) with a iron(III) chloride catalyst, or bubbling oxygen through a solution of 1 molar part ethylene to four molar parts hydrochloric acid with a copper(II) chloride catalyst. The first procedure produces pure 1,2-dichloroethane, while the second results in water as well[2].

Projects

  • Ethylenediamine synthesis
  • Make PVC

Handling

Safety

Ethylene dichloride is toxic (by inhalation), flammable, and a carcinogen. All these hazards are amplified by the chemical's volatile nature. This chemical is also unstable when in the presence of aluminium, zinc and iron[3].

Storage

Dichloroethane should be stored in closed amber glass bottles, in dark well ventilated places.

Disposal

Dichloroethane can be neutralized by reducing it with a metal over the course of several days or with Fenton's reagent. Both processes release heat, which may volatilize some dichloroethane. This should be performed in a fume hood or outside.

References

  1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,2-Dichloroethane
  2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,2-Dichloroethane
  3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,2-Dichloroethane

Relevant Sciencemadness threads