Difference between revisions of "Benzophenone"

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| IUPACName = Diphenylmethanone
 
| IUPACName = Diphenylmethanone
 
| PIN =
 
| PIN =
| OtherNames = Benzophenone<br> Diphenyl ketone<br> Benzoylbenzene<br> Benzoylphenyl<br> Diphenylmethanone
+
| OtherNames = Benzophenone<br>Diphenyl ketone<br>Benzoylbenzene<br>Benzoylphenyl<br>Diphenylmethanone
 
<!-- Images -->
 
<!-- Images -->
 
| ImageFile = Benzophenone.png
 
| ImageFile = Benzophenone.png
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| BoilingPt_ref =  
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
 
| BoilingPt_notes =  
 
| BoilingPt_notes =  
| Density = 1.11
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| Density = 1.11 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)
 
| Formula = '''[[Carbon|C]]'''<sub>13</sub>'''[[Hydrogen|H]]'''<sub>10</sub>'''[[Oxygen|O]]'''
 
| Formula = '''[[Carbon|C]]'''<sub>13</sub>'''[[Hydrogen|H]]'''<sub>10</sub>'''[[Oxygen|O]]'''
 
| HenryConstant =  
 
| HenryConstant =  
| LogP =  
+
| LogP = 3.18
| MolarMass = 182.22
+
| MolarMass = 182.22 g/mol
 
| MeltingPt =  
 
| MeltingPt =  
 
| MeltingPtC = 48.5
 
| MeltingPtC = 48.5
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
 
| MeltingPt_notes =  
 
| MeltingPt_notes =  
 +
| Odor = Geranium-like
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKb =  
 
| pKb =  
| pI =  
+
| Solubility = 0.0137 g/100 ml (at 25 °C)
| Solubility = Insoluble
+
| SolubleOther = Soluble in glacial [[acetic acid]], [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[carbon disulfide]], [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[methanol]]
| SolubleOther =  
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| Solubility1 = 16.6 g/100 ml
| Solvent =  
+
| Solvent1 = diethyl ether
| VaporPressure =  
+
| Solubility2 = 13.3 g/100 ml
 +
| Solvent2 = ethanol
 +
| VaporPressure = 1.93·10<sup>-3</sup> mm Hg at 25 °C
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
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   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
| AutoignitionPt =  
+
| AutoignitionPt = 650 °C (1202 °F; 923 K)
 
| ExploLimits =  
 
| ExploLimits =  
| ExternalMSDS =  
+
| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/VIyOKRE/benzophenone-sa.pdf Sigma-Aldrich]
| FlashPt =  
+
| FlashPt = 110 °C (230 °F; 383 K)
 
| LD50 =  
 
| LD50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
| MainHazards =  
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| MainHazards = Irritant
 
| NFPA-F =  
 
| NFPA-F =  
 
| NFPA-H =  
 
| NFPA-H =  
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| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
 
| OtherFunction_label =  
| OtherCompounds =  
+
| OtherCompounds = [[Acetophenone]]
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
}}
 
}}
 
 
'''Benzophenone''' is the simplest di-[[aryl]] [[ketone]].
 
'''Benzophenone''' is the simplest di-[[aryl]] [[ketone]].
  
It is often used in [[drying solvents]] together with [[sodium]] metal.
+
It is often used in [[drying solvents]] together with [[sodium]] metal, to produce a very dry solvent suitable for Grignard reagents.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
 
===Chemical===
 
===Chemical===
 +
Benzophenone can be reduced by [[sodium]] metal to produce the intensely blue colored benzophenone ketyl radical. This is highly reactive towards [[water]] and [[oxygen]] so it can be used as an indicator of solvent dryness.
  
 +
Benzophenone is a strong UV absorber, owing to cross-conjugation. This results in its use as a UV photoinitiator in some UV curing resins. Derivatives of benzophenone are often used in sunscreens and as an additive to prevent the UV-induced degradation of polymers and other organic compounds.
  
 
===Physical===
 
===Physical===
White solid
+
Benzophenone is a white solid, with a characteristic smell, practically insoluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.
  
 
==Availability==
 
==Availability==
Available from lab suppliers.
+
Benzophenone is sold by lab suppliers. Can also be purchased from eBay.
  
 
==Preparation==
 
==Preparation==
Delete this section if not applicable
+
Benzophenone is produced by the [[copper]]-catalyzed oxidation of diphenylmethane with oxygen from air.
 +
 
 +
It can also be produced by the ketonic decarboxylation of calcium benzoate<ref>https://www.prepchem.com/synthesis-of-benzophenone/</ref>.
  
 
==Projects==
 
==Projects==
 
+
*Photosensitizer in photochemistry
 +
*Water indicator in air-free techniques
 +
*Synthesis of [[diphenylmethanol]]
  
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
 
 
===Safety===
 
===Safety===
 +
Benzophenone is considered safe, but it may be irritant.
  
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
 +
In sealed bottles.
  
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
 +
Can be neutralized by oxidizing it with an oxidizing solution/mixture.
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=42529 Preparation of Benzophenone]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=11208 benzophenone synthesis]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=20540 Lewis acid for benzophenone synthesis with benzoyl bromide]
 +
 +
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Organic compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Aromatic compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Ketones]]
 +
[[Category:Solids]]

Latest revision as of 10:13, 9 July 2022

Benzophenone
Benzophenone.png
Names
IUPAC name
Diphenylmethanone
Other names
Benzophenone
Diphenyl ketone
Benzoylbenzene
Benzoylphenyl
Diphenylmethanone
Identifiers
119-61-9
Jmol-3D images Image
Properties
C13H10O
Molar mass 182.22 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Odor Geranium-like
Density 1.11 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point 48.5 °C (119.3 °F; 321.6 K)
Boiling point 305.4 °C (581.7 °F; 578.5 K)
0.0137 g/100 ml (at 25 °C)
Solubility Soluble in glacial acetic acid, acetone, benzene, carbon disulfide, CCl4, methanol
Solubility in diethyl ether 16.6 g/100 ml
Solubility in ethanol 13.3 g/100 ml
Vapor pressure 1.93·10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 110 °C (230 °F; 383 K)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Acetophenone
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Benzophenone is the simplest di-aryl ketone.

It is often used in drying solvents together with sodium metal, to produce a very dry solvent suitable for Grignard reagents.

Properties

Chemical

Benzophenone can be reduced by sodium metal to produce the intensely blue colored benzophenone ketyl radical. This is highly reactive towards water and oxygen so it can be used as an indicator of solvent dryness.

Benzophenone is a strong UV absorber, owing to cross-conjugation. This results in its use as a UV photoinitiator in some UV curing resins. Derivatives of benzophenone are often used in sunscreens and as an additive to prevent the UV-induced degradation of polymers and other organic compounds.

Physical

Benzophenone is a white solid, with a characteristic smell, practically insoluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.

Availability

Benzophenone is sold by lab suppliers. Can also be purchased from eBay.

Preparation

Benzophenone is produced by the copper-catalyzed oxidation of diphenylmethane with oxygen from air.

It can also be produced by the ketonic decarboxylation of calcium benzoate[1].

Projects

  • Photosensitizer in photochemistry
  • Water indicator in air-free techniques
  • Synthesis of diphenylmethanol

Handling

Safety

Benzophenone is considered safe, but it may be irritant.

Storage

In sealed bottles.

Disposal

Can be neutralized by oxidizing it with an oxidizing solution/mixture.

References

  1. https://www.prepchem.com/synthesis-of-benzophenone/

Relevant Sciencemadness threads