Guanidine

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Guanidine
Names
IUPAC names
Guanidine
Iminomethanediamine
Other names
Aminomethanamidine
Carbamamidine
Carbamidine
Gu
Guanidin
Imidourea
Properties
CH5N3
HNC(NH2)2
Molar mass 59.07 g/mol
Appearance Hygroscopic colorless solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.6 g/cm3
Melting point 50 °C (122 °F; 323 K)
Boiling point Decomposes
0.184 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Solubility Soluble in polar solvents
Vapor pressure 2.2 mmHg at 25 °C
Acidity (pKa) 12.5
Thermochemistry
−57 – −55 kJ/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet Fluorochem
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
475 mg/kg (rat, oral)[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds
Ammonia
Hydrazine
Urea
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Guanidine is an organic compound, a base with the formula HNC(NH2)2. Guanidine is sometimes shortened to Gu.

Properties

Chemical

As a base, guanidine will react with acids to form salts. By protanating guanidine, the guanidinium ion is formed.

HNC(NH2)2 + HCl → C(NH2)3+Cl-

Physical

Guanidine is a solid white hygroscopic compound, slightly soluble in water

Availability

Free base guanidine is difficult to find. Fluorochem and Oakwood Chemical are one of the few suppliers that sell the free base compound.

Guanidinium salts, of the other hand, can be purchased from many chemical suppliers. To obtain the free base, simply react the salt with a stronger base then extract the resulting guanidine.

Preparation

Free base guanidine can be prepared from guanidine by adding sodium hydroxide to a guanidinium salt, then recrystallized from the solvent.

For the preparation of guanidinium salts, check the page for each compound.

Guanidine can also be obtained from oxidative degradation of guanine, isolated from Peruvian guano (hence its name). Guano fertilizer can be bought from hardware and gardening stores.

Projects

Handling

Safety

Guanidine and its salts aren't volatile or very toxic and don't require special handling.

Storage

Guanidine free base should be kept in closed bottles, in a dry place.

Disposal

No special disposal is required. Some guanidinium salts are even used as fertilizer.

References

  1. https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00536

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