Difference between revisions of "Potassium peroxymonosulfate"

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
 
(3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
{{distinguish|ozone}}
 
{{Chembox
 
{{Chembox
 
| Name = Potassium peroxymonosulfate
 
| Name = Potassium peroxymonosulfate
Line 9: Line 10:
 
| ImageFile = Potassium peroxymonosulfate Oxone sample.jpg
 
| ImageFile = Potassium peroxymonosulfate Oxone sample.jpg
 
| ImageSize = 300
 
| ImageSize = 300
| ImageCaption = Store grade Oxone on a watch glass.
 
 
| ImageAlt =  
 
| ImageAlt =  
 
| ImageName =  
 
| ImageName =  
 +
| ImageCaption = Store grade Oxone on a watch glass.
 
| ImageFile1 =  
 
| ImageFile1 =  
 
| ImageSize1 =  
 
| ImageSize1 =  
Line 52: Line 53:
 
| BoilingPtC =  
 
| BoilingPtC =  
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
 
| BoilingPt_ref =  
| BoilingPt_notes =  
+
| BoilingPt_notes = Decomposes
 
| Density = 2.17 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
| Density = 2.17 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
| Formula = KHSO<sub>5</sub><br>2KHSO<sub>5</sub>·KHSO<sub>4</sub>·K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (Oxone)
 
| Formula = KHSO<sub>5</sub><br>2KHSO<sub>5</sub>·KHSO<sub>4</sub>·K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (Oxone)
Line 61: Line 62:
 
| MeltingPtC =  
 
| MeltingPtC =  
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
 
| MeltingPt_ref =  
| MeltingPt_notes =  
+
| MeltingPt_notes = Decomposes
 +
| Odor = Bleach-like
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKa =  
 
| pKb =  
 
| pKb =  
| Solubility = Decomposes
+
| Solubility = Slowly decomposes
| SolubleOther =  
+
| SolubleOther = Reacts with ketones
 
| Solvent =  
 
| Solvent =  
 
| VaporPressure =  
 
| VaporPressure =  
Line 88: Line 90:
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
| AutoignitionPt =  
+
| AutoignitionPt = Non-flammable
 
| ExploLimits =  
 
| ExploLimits =  
 
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9926358 ScienceLab]
 
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9926358 ScienceLab]
| FlashPt =  
+
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
 
| LD50 =  
 
| LD50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
 
| LC50 =  
Line 108: Line 110:
 
   }}
 
   }}
 
}}
 
}}
'''Potassium peroxymonosulfate''', also known '''potassium monopersulfate''' or '''MPS''', is the potassium acid salt of [[peroxymonosulfuric acid]], with the chemical formula '''KHSO<sub>5</sub>'''. It is sold under the trade names '''Caroat''' and '''Oxone''', where it exists as a mixture consisting of of 2KHSO<sub>5</sub>·[[Potassium bisulfate|KHSO<sub>4</sub>]]·[[Potassium sulfate|K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>]], as pure potassium peroxymonosulfate is unstable and breaks down in the latter two.
+
'''Potassium peroxymonosulfate''', also known '''potassium monopersulfate''' or '''MPS''', is the potassium acid salt of [[peroxymonosulfuric acid]], with the chemical formula '''KHSO<sub>5</sub>'''. It is sold under the trade names '''Caroat''' and '''Oxone''', where it exists as a mixture consisting of of 2KHSO<sub>5</sub>·[[Potassium bisulfate|KHSO<sub>4</sub>]]·[[Potassium sulfate|K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>]], as pure potassium peroxymonosulfate is unstable and breaks down in the latter two compounds.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
Line 141: Line 143:
  
 
===Disposal===
 
===Disposal===
Can be neutralized with water and an alkali and poured down the drain.
+
Can be neutralized by dissolving it in water and adding an alkali, then poured down the drain.
  
 
==References==
 
==References==

Latest revision as of 18:27, 5 July 2018

Not to be confused with ozone.
Potassium peroxymonosulfate
Potassium peroxymonosulfate Oxone sample.jpg
Store grade Oxone on a watch glass.
Names
IUPAC name
Potassium peroxymonosulfate
Other names
Potassium monopersulfate
Oxone
Caroat
MPS
Properties
KHSO5
2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4 (Oxone)
Molar mass 152.2 g/mol (614.76 as triple salt)
Appearance White
Odor Bleach-like
Density 2.17 g/cm3
Melting point Decomposes
Boiling point Decomposes
Slowly decomposes
Solubility Reacts with ketones
Hazards
Safety data sheet ScienceLab
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Related compounds
Potassium persulfate
Potassium pyrosulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Potassium peroxymonosulfate, also known potassium monopersulfate or MPS, is the potassium acid salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid, with the chemical formula KHSO5. It is sold under the trade names Caroat and Oxone, where it exists as a mixture consisting of of 2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4, as pure potassium peroxymonosulfate is unstable and breaks down in the latter two compounds.

Properties

Chemical

Potassium peroxymonosulfate is a strong oxidizer, capable of oxidizing organic substances into various compounds, such as: aldehydes to carboxylic acids, alcoholic solvents to their coresponding esters, cleaving internal alkenes to two carboxylic acids and terminal alkenes to epoxides, ketones to dioxiranes, thioethers to sulfones, tertiary amines to amine oxides and phosphines to phosphine oxides.

Physical

Oxone is a white granular solid, with a weak bleach-like smell, that decomposes in the presence of water.

Availability

Potassium peroxymonosulfate is sold under the name of Oxone in most swimming pool stores and various home-improvement and gardening retailer stores.

Preparation

Potassium peroxymonosulfate can be prepared by reacting a concentrated solution of Caro's acid with a potassium salt, such as potassium carbonate. Potassium hydroxide can also be used.[1]

It can also be obtained via electrolysis of potassium persulfate in sulfuric acid. Potassium sulfate appears as a byproduct.[2]

Adding hydrogen peroxide to potassium persulfate also yields potassium peroxymonosulfate.[3]

Another method involves the hydrolysis of sodium persulfate at 100 °C to yield peroxydisulfuric acid. Solid potassium bisulfite is added, and the solution is filtered to remove the resulting potassium sulfate. The filtrate is freeze-dried and then washed with distilled water and filtered again at room temperature. The resulting filtrate is chilled on an ice bath, and the product is recrystallized for better purity.[4]

Projects

Handling

Safety

Potassium peroxymonosulfate is a strong oxidizer and should be kept away from any reducing agents or organic compounds.

Storage

Oxone should be kept in closed plastic or glass containers, away from any combustible materials.

Disposal

Can be neutralized by dissolving it in water and adding an alkali, then poured down the drain.

References

  1. http://www.google.com/patents/US4610865
  2. "Thomas Slater Price, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1906, vol 89, p 56". 
  3. Klemenc, A.; Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung A: Chemische Thermodynamik, Kinetik, Elektrochemie, Eigenschaftslehre; vol. 185; (1939); p. 1 - 36
  4. "Price, J. S.; Tasker, I. R.; Appelman, E. H.; O'Hare, P. A. G.; Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics; vol. 18; nb. 10; (1986); p. 923 - 930". 

Relevant Sciencemadness threads