Difference between revisions of "Propanol"

From Sciencemadness Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(Created page with "{{Stub}} '''Propanol''', also known as '''1-propanol''', '''propan-1-ol''', '''1-propyl alcohol''', '''n-propyl alcohol''', or '''n-propanol''', is a primary alcohol with the...")
 
(Safety)
 
(3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
{{Stub}}
 
{{Stub}}
'''Propanol''', also known as '''1-propanol''', '''propan-1-ol''', '''1-propyl alcohol''', '''n-propyl alcohol''', or '''n-propanol''', is a primary alcohol with the formula CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH2OH.
+
{{Chembox
 +
| Name = Propanol
 +
| Reference =
 +
| IUPACName = Propan-1-ol
 +
| PIN =
 +
| SystematicName =
 +
| OtherNames = 1-Hydroxypropane<br>Ethylcarbinol<br>n-PrOH<br>n-Propanol<br>n-Propyl alcohol<br>Propionic alcohol<br>Propionyl alcohol<br>Propionylol<br>Propyl alcohol<br>Propylic alcohol<br>Propylol
 +
<!-- Images -->
 +
| ImageFile =
 +
| ImageSize =
 +
| ImageAlt =
 +
| ImageName =
 +
| ImageFile1 =
 +
| ImageSize1 =
 +
| ImageAlt1 =
 +
| ImageName1 =
 +
| ImageFile2 =
 +
| ImageSize2 =
 +
| ImageAlt2 =
 +
| ImageName2 =
 +
| ImageFile3 =
 +
| ImageSize3 =
 +
| ImageAlt3 =
 +
| ImageName3 =
 +
| ImageFileL1 =
 +
| ImageSizeL1 =
 +
| ImageAltL1 =
 +
| ImageNameL1 =
 +
| ImageFileR1 =
 +
| ImageSizeR1 =
 +
| ImageAltR1 =
 +
| ImageNameR1 =
 +
| ImageFileL2 =
 +
| ImageSizeL2 =
 +
| ImageAltL2 =
 +
| ImageNameL2 =
 +
| ImageFileR2 =
 +
| ImageSizeR2 =
 +
| ImageAltR2 =
 +
| ImageNameR2 =
 +
<!-- Sections -->
 +
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
 +
| 3DMet =
 +
| Abbreviations =
 +
| SMILES =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
 +
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
 +
| Appearance = Colorless liquid
 +
| BoilingPt =
 +
| BoilingPtC = 97.2
 +
| BoilingPt_ref =
 +
| BoilingPt_notes =
 +
| Density = 0.803 g/mL
 +
| Formula = C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O
 +
| HenryConstant =
 +
| LogP = 0.329
 +
| MolarMass = 60.10 g/mol
 +
| MeltingPt =
 +
| MeltingPtC = −126
 +
| MeltingPt_ref =
 +
| MeltingPt_notes =
 +
| Odor = Alcoholic
 +
| pKa = 16
 +
| pKb = -2
 +
| Solubility = Miscible
 +
| SolubleOther = Miscible with [[alcohol]]s, [[ester]]s, [[ether]]s, glycols, [[acetone]]
 +
| Solvent =
 +
| VaporPressure = 21.0 mmHg (25 °C)
 +
  }}
 +
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
 +
| Coordination =
 +
| CrystalStruct =
 +
| MolShape =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
 +
| DeltaGf =
 +
| DeltaHc = −2,021.56–−2,021.06 kJ/mol
 +
| DeltaHf = −302.79–−302.29 kJ/mol
 +
| Entropy = 192.8 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup>
 +
| HeatCapacity = 143.96 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup>
 +
  }}
 +
| Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive
 +
| ShockSens =
 +
| FrictionSens =
 +
| DetonationV =
 +
| REFactor =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards
 +
| AutoignitionPt = 371 °C (700 °F; 644 K)
 +
| ExploLimits = 2.2% - 13.7%
 +
| ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/b1shZwz/propanol-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich]
 +
| FlashPt = 22 °C (72 °F; 295 K)
 +
| LD50 = 2,800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)<br>6,800 mg/kg (mouse, oral)<br>1,870 mg/kg (rat, oral)
 +
| LC50 =
 +
| MainHazards = Flammable
 +
| NFPA-F =
 +
| NFPA-H =
 +
| NFPA-R =
 +
| NFPA-S =
 +
  }}
 +
| Section7 = {{Chembox Related
 +
| OtherAnions =
 +
| OtherCations =
 +
| OtherFunction =
 +
| OtherFunction_label =
 +
| OtherCompounds = [[Ethanol]]<br>[[Butanol]]
 +
  }}
 +
}}
 +
'''Propanol''', also known as '''1-propanol''', '''propan-1-ol''', '''1-propyl alcohol''', '''n-propyl alcohol''', or '''n-propanol''', is a primary alcohol with the formula '''CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH'''.
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
Line 20: Line 129:
 
==Handling==
 
==Handling==
 
===Safety===
 
===Safety===
Propanol is thought to be similar to ethanol in its effects on human body, but 2-4 times more potent.
+
Propanol is thought to be similar to ethanol in its effects on human body, but 2-4 times more potent. However, the toxicity of propanol is comparable to that of [[methanol]] (LD50 1870 mg/kg, as compared to 1500 mg/kg of methanol and 7060 mg/kg of ethanol), so it should never be consumed.
  
 
===Storage===
 
===Storage===
Line 31: Line 140:
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads===
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=13477 Cheap Propanol?]
 +
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=63718 n-propanol to propionaldehyde]
 +
 +
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Organic compounds]]
 +
[[Category:Alcohols]]
 +
[[Category:Primary alcohols]]
 +
[[Category:Solvents]]
 +
[[Category:Polar solvents]]
 +
[[Category:Volatile chemicals]]
 +
[[Category:Liquids]]

Latest revision as of 11:13, 9 June 2023

Propanol
Names
IUPAC name
Propan-1-ol
Other names
1-Hydroxypropane
Ethylcarbinol
n-PrOH
n-Propanol
n-Propyl alcohol
Propionic alcohol
Propionyl alcohol
Propionylol
Propyl alcohol
Propylic alcohol
Propylol
Properties
C3H8O
Molar mass 60.10 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Alcoholic
Density 0.803 g/mL
Melting point −126 °C (−195 °F; 147 K)
Boiling point 97.2 °C (207.0 °F; 370.3 K)
Miscible
Solubility Miscible with alcohols, esters, ethers, glycols, acetone
Vapor pressure 21.0 mmHg (25 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 16
Thermochemistry
192.8 J·K−1·mol−1
−302.79–−302.29 kJ/mol
Hazards
Safety data sheet Sigma-Aldrich
Flash point 22 °C (72 °F; 295 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2,800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
6,800 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
1,870 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Related compounds
Ethanol
Butanol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Propanol, also known as 1-propanol, propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, or n-propanol, is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.

Properties

Chemical

Oxidation of 1-propanol with chromic acid yields propionic acid.

Physical

Propanol is a colorless liquid with an alcohol like smell. It is miscible in water and many organic solvents.

Availability

Delete this section if not applicable

Preparation

1-Propanol is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde.

Projects

  • Make n-propyl iodide

Handling

Safety

Propanol is thought to be similar to ethanol in its effects on human body, but 2-4 times more potent. However, the toxicity of propanol is comparable to that of methanol (LD50 1870 mg/kg, as compared to 1500 mg/kg of methanol and 7060 mg/kg of ethanol), so it should never be consumed.

Storage

In closed bottles away from any heat source.

Disposal

Propanol can be safely burned.

References

Relevant Sciencemadness threads