Difference between revisions of "Propylene carbonate"
From Sciencemadness Wiki
m (→Preparation) |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| − | + | {{Chembox | |
| − | '''Propylene carbonate''' (often abbreviated '''PC''') is an organic compound with the formula CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO. It is a carbonate ester derived from [[propylene glycol]]. This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture. | + | | Name = Propylene carbonate |
| + | | Reference = | ||
| + | | IUPACName = 4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one | ||
| + | | PIN = | ||
| + | | SystematicName = | ||
| + | | OtherNames = 1,2-Propanediol carbonate<br>4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane<br>Arconate 5000<br>(R,S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one<br>Texacar PC | ||
| + | <!-- Images --> | ||
| + | | ImageFile = Sample of propylene carbonate.jpg | ||
| + | | ImageSize = 300 | ||
| + | | ImageAlt = | ||
| + | | ImageName = | ||
| + | | ImageCaption = Lab grade propylene carbonate | ||
| + | | ImageFile1 = | ||
| + | | ImageSize1 = | ||
| + | | ImageAlt1 = | ||
| + | | ImageName1 = | ||
| + | | ImageFile2 = | ||
| + | | ImageSize2 = | ||
| + | | ImageAlt2 = | ||
| + | | ImageName2 = | ||
| + | | ImageFile3 = | ||
| + | | ImageSize3 = | ||
| + | | ImageAlt3 = | ||
| + | | ImageName3 = | ||
| + | | ImageFileL1 = | ||
| + | | ImageSizeL1 = | ||
| + | | ImageAltL1 = | ||
| + | | ImageNameL1 = | ||
| + | | ImageFileR1 = | ||
| + | | ImageSizeR1 = | ||
| + | | ImageAltR1 = | ||
| + | | ImageNameR1 = | ||
| + | | ImageFileL2 = | ||
| + | | ImageSizeL2 = | ||
| + | | ImageAltL2 = | ||
| + | | ImageNameL2 = | ||
| + | | ImageFileR2 = | ||
| + | | ImageSizeR2 = | ||
| + | | ImageAltR2 = | ||
| + | | ImageNameR2 = | ||
| + | <!-- Sections --> | ||
| + | | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| + | | 3DMet = | ||
| + | | Abbreviations = | ||
| + | | SMILES = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | ||
| + | | AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | ||
| + | | Appearance = Colorless liquid | ||
| + | | BoilingPt = | ||
| + | | BoilingPtC = 242 | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | BoilingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Density = 1.205 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | ||
| + | | Formula = C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>3</sub> | ||
| + | | HenryConstant = | ||
| + | | LogP = | ||
| + | | MolarMass = 102.09 g/mol | ||
| + | | MeltingPt = | ||
| + | | MeltingPtC = -48.8 | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_ref = | ||
| + | | MeltingPt_notes = | ||
| + | | Odor = Odorless | ||
| + | | pKa = | ||
| + | | pKb = | ||
| + | | Solubility = 24 g/100 ml (20°C) | ||
| + | | SolubleOther = Miscible with [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[chloroform]], [[ethyl acetate]] | ||
| + | | Solvent = | ||
| + | | VaporPressure = 0.045 mm Hg (25 °C) | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | ||
| + | | Coordination = | ||
| + | | CrystalStruct = | ||
| + | | MolShape = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
| + | | DeltaGf = | ||
| + | | DeltaHc = | ||
| + | | DeltaHf = | ||
| + | | Entropy = | ||
| + | | HeatCapacity = 174.1 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section5 = {{Chembox Explosive | ||
| + | | ShockSens = | ||
| + | | FrictionSens = | ||
| + | | DetonationV = | ||
| + | | REFactor = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| + | | AutoignitionPt = 455 °C (851 °F; 728 K) | ||
| + | | ExploLimits = | ||
| + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/2Slyusp/propylene-carbonate-sa.pdf.html Sigma-Aldrich] | ||
| + | | FlashPt = 132 °C (270 °F; 405 K) | ||
| + | | LD50 = | ||
| + | | LC50 = | ||
| + | | MainHazards = | ||
| + | | NFPA-F = | ||
| + | | NFPA-H = | ||
| + | | NFPA-R = | ||
| + | | NFPA-S = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | | Section7 = {{Chembox Related | ||
| + | | OtherAnions = | ||
| + | | OtherCations = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction = | ||
| + | | OtherFunction_label = | ||
| + | | OtherCompounds = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | '''Propylene carbonate''' (often abbreviated '''PC''') is an organic compound with the formula '''CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO'''. It is a carbonate ester derived from [[propylene glycol]]. This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture. | ||
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
| Line 32: | Line 141: | ||
===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ===Relevant Sciencemadness threads=== | ||
*[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=29291 Electrolysis of alkali salts at STP] | *[http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/viewthread.php?tid=29291 Electrolysis of alkali salts at STP] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
[[Category:Chemical compounds]] | [[Category:Chemical compounds]] | ||
Revision as of 19:19, 16 April 2017
 Lab grade propylene carbonate
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
| |
| Other names
1,2-Propanediol carbonate
4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane Arconate 5000 (R,S)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Texacar PC | |
| Properties | |
| C4H6O3 | |
| Molar mass | 102.09 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.205 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −48.8 °C (−55.8 °F; 224.3 K) |
| Boiling point | 242 °C (468 °F; 515 K) |
| 24 g/100 ml (20°C) | |
| Solubility | Miscible with acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate |
| Vapor pressure | 0.045 mm Hg (25 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | 132 °C (270 °F; 405 K) |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Propylene carbonate (often abbreviated PC) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C2H3O2CO. It is a carbonate ester derived from propylene glycol. This colorless and odorless liquid is useful as a polar, aprotic solvent. Propylene carbonate is chiral but is used exclusively as the racemic mixture.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
Propylene carbonate is often used as a solvent for electrolysis.
Physical
Propylene carbonate is a colorless liquid freezing at -48.8°C and boiling at 242°C. Propylene carbonate has a vapor pressure of 0.13 mmHg at 20°C, and 0.98 mmHg at 50°C[1].
Availability
Propylene carbonate is sold by chemical suppliers or can sometimes be found on eBay.
Preparation
PC can be prepared from 1,2-propylene glycol and urea with a metal carbonate catalyst. Described here: [1]
Projects
- PC can be used for the electrodeposition of the alkali metals at STP as seen here.
Handling
Safety
Propylene glycol has little toxicity.
Storage
Propylene carbonate can be stored in closed bottles, away from moisture to prevent contamination.
Disposal
As propylene carbonate has low toxicity, it can be safely poured down the drain.
