Difference between revisions of "Tetralin"
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| OtherNames = Bacticin<br>Benzocyclohexane<br>Naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride<br>THN | | OtherNames = Bacticin<br>Benzocyclohexane<br>Naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride<br>THN | ||
<!-- Images --> | <!-- Images --> | ||
| − | | ImageFile = | + | | ImageFile = Tetralin vial by NurdRage.jpg |
| − | | ImageSize = | + | | ImageSize = 300 |
| ImageAlt = | | ImageAlt = | ||
| ImageName = | | ImageName = | ||
| + | | ImageCaption = Tetralin used in the production of potassium metal via catalyzed magnesium reduction | ||
| ImageFile1 = | | ImageFile1 = | ||
| ImageSize1 = | | ImageSize1 = | ||
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| pKb = | | pKb = | ||
| Solubility = Insoluble | | Solubility = Insoluble | ||
| − | | SolubleOther = Miscible with [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[butanol]], [[chloroform]], [[decalin]], [[ethanol]], [[petroleum ether]]<br>Soluble in [[aniline]], [[diethyl ether]], [[methanol]] (50% w/w) | + | | SolubleOther = Miscible with [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[butanol]], [[chloroform]], [[decalin]], [[ethanol]], [[isopropanol]], [[petroleum ether]], [[toluene]]<br>Soluble in [[aniline]], [[diethyl ether]], [[methanol]] (50% w/w) |
| Solvent = | | Solvent = | ||
| VaporPressure = | | VaporPressure = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
| Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | | Section6 = {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| − | | AutoignitionPt = 385 °C | + | | AutoignitionPt = 385 °C (725 °F; 658 K) |
| ExploLimits = | | ExploLimits = | ||
| − | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www. | + | | ExternalMSDS = [https://www.docdroid.net/KySbryM/tetralin-sa.pdf Sigma-Aldrich] |
| − | | FlashPt = 77 °C | + | | FlashPt = 77 °C (170.6 °F; 350 K) |
| LD50 = | | LD50 = | ||
| LC50 = | | LC50 = | ||
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==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
===Chemical=== | ===Chemical=== | ||
| − | The reaction of elemental [[bromine]] with tetralin will give dry hydrogen bromide gas: | + | The reaction of elemental [[bromine]] with tetralin will give dry [[hydrogen bromide]] gas: |
:C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>12</sub> + 4 Br<sub>2</sub> → C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>Br<sub>4</sub> + 4 HBr ↑ | :C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>12</sub> + 4 Br<sub>2</sub> → C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>Br<sub>4</sub> + 4 HBr ↑ | ||
| + | |||
| + | If [[iodine]] is used, the reaction will give [[hydrogen iodide]]. | ||
===Physical=== | ===Physical=== | ||
| − | Tetralin is a colorless viscous liquid, with a faint naphthalene-like smell. It is insoluble in water, but miscible with many organic solvents. | + | Tetralin is a colorless viscous liquid, with a faint naphthalene-like smell. It is insoluble in water, but miscible with many organic solvents, like alcohols. |
==Availability== | ==Availability== | ||
| Line 127: | Line 130: | ||
The most convenient route involves the partial hydrogenation of [[naphthalene]] with a [[platinum]] catalyst. Small amounts of side products, such as decalin are also produced. | The most convenient route involves the partial hydrogenation of [[naphthalene]] with a [[platinum]] catalyst. Small amounts of side products, such as decalin are also produced. | ||
| − | Birch reduction of naphthalene is another route, however the reaction is not selective | + | [[Birch reduction]] of naphthalene is another route, however the reaction is not selective. Birch reduction is also a dangerous and time-consuming method. |
==Projects== | ==Projects== | ||
| − | *Maky dry [[Hydrogen bromide|HBr]] gas | + | *Maky dry [[Hydrogen bromide|HBr]] and [[Hydrogen iodide|HI]] gas |
*Preparation of elemental [[potassium]] | *Preparation of elemental [[potassium]] | ||
| Line 138: | Line 141: | ||
===Storage=== | ===Storage=== | ||
| − | In closed bottles. | + | In closed air-tight bottles. Since it may form peroxides in contact with air, it's best to test it for peroxides every few months. |
===Disposal=== | ===Disposal=== | ||
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[[Category:Nonpolar solvents]] | [[Category:Nonpolar solvents]] | ||
[[Category:Liquids]] | [[Category:Liquids]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Peroxide forming chemicals]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Air-sensitive materials]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:24, 31 August 2020
 Tetralin used in the production of potassium metal via catalyzed magnesium reduction
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
| |
| Other names
Bacticin
Benzocyclohexane Naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride THN | |
| Identifiers | |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| |
| Properties | |
| C10H12 | |
| Molar mass | 132.21 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Naphtalene-like |
| Density | 0.970 g/cm3 (at 20 °C) |
| Melting point | −35.8 °C (−32.4 °F; 237.3 K) |
| Boiling point | 207.6 °C (405.7 °F; 480.8 K) |
| Insoluble | |
| Solubility | Miscible with acetone, benzene, butanol, chloroform, decalin, ethanol, isopropanol, petroleum ether, toluene Soluble in aniline, diethyl ether, methanol (50% w/w) |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | Sigma-Aldrich |
| Flash point | 77 °C (170.6 °F; 350 K) |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds
|
Naphthalene Decalin |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Tetralin (IUPAC name 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) is an organic compound, a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12. It is similar to naphthalene in structure, except one ring is saturated.
Contents
Properties
Chemical
The reaction of elemental bromine with tetralin will give dry hydrogen bromide gas:
- C10H12 + 4 Br2 → C10H8Br4 + 4 HBr ↑
If iodine is used, the reaction will give hydrogen iodide.
Physical
Tetralin is a colorless viscous liquid, with a faint naphthalene-like smell. It is insoluble in water, but miscible with many organic solvents, like alcohols.
Availability
Tetralin can be purchased from chemical suppliers.
Preparation
There are several ways to prepare Tetralin.
The most convenient route involves the partial hydrogenation of naphthalene with a platinum catalyst. Small amounts of side products, such as decalin are also produced.
Birch reduction of naphthalene is another route, however the reaction is not selective. Birch reduction is also a dangerous and time-consuming method.
Projects
Handling
Safety
Tetralin is irritant and should be handled with care. With a flash point of 77 °C, it is not very flammable and unless heated prior, it doesn't pose a fire hazard.
Storage
In closed air-tight bottles. Since it may form peroxides in contact with air, it's best to test it for peroxides every few months.
Disposal
Should be mixed with a more flammable solvent and burned.
References
Relevant Sciencemadness threads
Categories:
- Chemical pages without CAS Registry Number
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Chemical pages without DrugBank identifier
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Chemical compounds
- Organic compounds
- Aromatic compounds
- Hydrocarbons
- Solvents
- Nonpolar solvents
- Liquids
- Peroxide forming chemicals
- Air-sensitive materials
